New York City

==== Rail ====
{{Main|New York City Subway}}
[[File:Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg|alt=A row of yellow taxis in front of a multi-story ornate stone building with three huge arched windows.|thumb|New York City is home to the two busiest [[train station]]s in the U.S., [[Grand Central Terminal]] (pictured) and [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|Penn Station]].]]
[[File:R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg|alt=The front end of a subway train, with a red E on a LED display on the top. To the right of the train is a platform with a group of people waiting for their train.|thumb|The [[New York City Subway]], the world's largest [[rapid transit]] system by number of [[Train station|stations]]]]
The [[New York City Subway]] system is the largest [[rapid transit]] system in the world when measured by stations in operation, with {{NYCS const|number|total}}, and by length of routes. Nearly all of New York's subway system is open 24 hours a day, in contrast to the overnight shutdown common to systems in most cities.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hu|first1=Winnie|last2=Schweber|first2=Nate|last3=Piccoli|first3=Sean|date=2021-05-17|title=New York City Subway Returns to 24-Hour Service|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/17/nyregion/nyc-subway-full-service-24-hours.html|access-date=2023-07-23|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The New York City Subway is [[Metro systems by annual passenger rides|the busiest metropolitan rail transit system in the Western Hemisphere]],<ref name="Railway Technology 2014 m729">{{cite web | title=The world's top 10 busiest metros | website=Railway Technology | date=November 12, 2014 | url=https://www.railway-technology.com/features/featurethe-worlds-top-10-busiest-metros-4433827/ | access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> with 1.70&nbsp;billion passenger rides in 2019,<ref name="MTA p768">{{cite web | title=Subway and bus ridership for 2021 | website=MTA | url=https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2021 | access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> while [[Grand Central Terminal]] is the world's largest [[Train station|railway station]] by number of [[train platform]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-railway-station-(no-of-platforms)|title=Largest railway station (no. of platforms)|website=Guinness World Records|access-date=December 11, 2018}}</ref>

Public transport is widely used in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using [[Public transport|mass transit]].<ref>{{cite news |last = Christie |first = Les |date = June 29, 2007 |title = New Yorkers are Top Transit Users |publisher = [[CNNMoney.com]] |url = https://money.cnn.com/2007/06/13/real_estate/public_transit_commutes/index.htm |access-date = January 2, 2008 }}</ref> This is in contrast to the rest of the United States, where 91% of commuters travel in automobiles to their workplace.<ref name="2001summary">{{cite web |year = 2001 |title = NHTS 2001 Highlights Report, BTS03-05 |url = http://www.bts.gov/publications/highlights_of_the_2001_national_household_travel_survey/pdf/entire.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050514220419/http://www.bts.gov/publications/highlights_of_the_2001_national_household_travel_survey/pdf/entire.pdf |archive-date = May 14, 2005 |access-date = September 1, 2008 |publisher = [[Bureau of Transportation Statistics]] }}</ref> According to the [[New York City Comptroller]], workers in the New York City area spend an average of 6{{nbsp}}hours and 18 minutes getting to work each week, the longest commute time in the nation among large cities.<ref>{{cite report |url = http://comptroller.nyc.gov/wp-content/uploads/documents/Longest_Work_Weeks_March_2015.pdf |title = The Hardest Working Cities |date = March 2015 |publisher = [[New York City Comptroller|Office of the New York City Comptroller]] }}</ref> New York is the only U.S. city in which a majority (52%) of households do not have a car; only 22% of Manhattanites own a car.<ref>{{cite web |last1 = Weinberger |first1 = Rachel |last2 = Kaehny |first2 = John |last3 = Rufo |first3 = Matthew |year = 2010 |title = U.S. Parking Policies: An Overview of Management Strategies |url = http://www.infrastructureusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/itdp_parking_fullreport.pdf |access-date = June 11, 2011 |publisher = [[Institute for Transportation and Development Policy]] |page = 62 |quote = New York City is the largest, densest and most transit- and pedestrian-oriented city in the United States. It is the only U.S. city in which a majority of households do not have a car. Despite this, New York City is very much an American city in the way it under prices and under uses curbside parking meters. Meter rates are far lower than in other leading world cities, and New York suffers from high levels of cruising and double parking (p. 62)&nbsp;... Nationally 90% of households own automobiles. New Yorkers own fewer at 48% with only 22% of Manhattan residents owning automobiles (p. 78) }}</ref> Due to their [[List of U.S. cities with high transit ridership|high usage of mass transit]], New Yorkers spend less of their household income on transportation than the national average, saving $19&nbsp;billion annually on transportation compared to other urban Americans.<ref>{{cite web |date = April 21, 2010 |title = New York City's Green Dividend |url = http://www.streetsblog.org/2010/04/21/sustainable-transport-saves-new-yorkers-19-billion-per-year/ |access-date = January 26, 2012 |publisher = CEOs for Cities |archive-date = November 1, 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161101135006/http://www.streetsblog.org/2010/04/21/sustainable-transport-saves-new-yorkers-19-billion-per-year/ |url-status = dead }}</ref>

New York City's [[commuter rail]] network is the largest in North America.<ref name="MTAinfo" /> The rail network, connecting New York City to its suburbs, consists of the [[Long Island Rail Road]], [[Metro-North Railroad]], and [[New Jersey Transit rail operations|New Jersey Transit]]. The combined systems converge at Grand Central Terminal and [[New York Penn Station]] and contain more than 250 stations and 20 rail lines.<ref name="MTAinfo" /> The elevated [[AirTrain JFK]] in Queens connects [[JFK International Airport]] to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road.<ref>[https://www.jfkairport.com/to-from-airport/public-transportation Public Transportation], [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]]. Accessed January 15, 2024.</ref> For [[inter-city rail]], New York City is served by [[Amtrak]], whose busiest station by a significant margin is Penn Station on the [[West Side (Manhattan)|West Side]] of Manhattan, from which Amtrak provides connections to Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. along the [[Northeast Corridor]], and long-distance train service to other North American cities.<ref>{{cite web |title = National Fact Sheet Fiscal Year 2013 |url = http://www.amtrak.com/ccurl/826/406/Amtrak-National-Fact-Sheet-FY2013-rev.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150410143624/http://www.amtrak.com/ccurl/826/406/Amtrak-National-Fact-Sheet-FY2013-rev.pdf |archive-date = April 10, 2015 |access-date = April 20, 2015 |publisher = [[Amtrak]] }}</ref>

The [[Staten Island Railway]] rapid transit system solely serves Staten Island, operating 24 hours a day, with access to Manhattan from the [[St. George Terminal]] via the [[Staten Island Ferry]].<ref>[https://new.mta.info/document/14061 Staten Island Railway Timetable], [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]], effective January 2020. Accessed January 15, 2024. "MTA Staten Island Railway – service runs 24 hours a day between the St George and Tottenville terminals. At the St George terminal, customers can make connections with Staten Island Ferry service to Manhattan."</ref> The [[PATH (rail system)|PATH]] train links Midtown and Lower Manhattan with [[Hoboken Terminal]], and [[Newark Penn Station]] in New Jersey with the [[World Trade Center station (PATH)|World Trade Center Oculus]] across the Hudson River.<ref>[https://www.panynj.gov/path/en/schedules-maps.html PATH Schedules and Maps], [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]]. Accessed January 15, 2024.</ref> Like the New York City Subway, the PATH operates 24 hours a day, meaning three of the five rapid transit systems in the United States which operate on 24-hour schedules are wholly or partly in New York.<ref>Cohn, Emily. [https://www.businessinsider.com/nyc-subway-runs-all-night-and-thats-why-its-great-2017-8 "Say what you want about the NYC subway — there's one thing that makes it much better than most other subways in the world"], ''[[Business Insider]]'', August 28, 2017. Accessed January 15, 2024. "Only five rapid transit systems in the country have 24-hour service, and three of them — the subway, the Staten Island Railway, and the PATH — all service New York City. Chicago's 'L' is only 24/7 on some of its lines."</ref>

Multibillion-dollar [[heavy rail]] transit projects under construction in New York City include the [[Second Avenue Subway]].<ref>{{cite news |last = Dobnik |first = Verena |date = February 7, 2013 |title = NYC Transit Projects: East Side Access, Second Avenue Subway, And 7 Train Extension (PHOTOS) |work = [[HuffPost]] |url = https://huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/07/nyc-subway-underground-rail-second-avenue-subway_n_2637601.html |url-status = dead |access-date = August 15, 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130208120505/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/07/nyc-subway-underground-rail-second-avenue-subway_n_2637601.html |archive-date = February 8, 2013 }}</ref>