Islamic terrorism

=== Africa ===
In the 1990s, a distinct pattern of jihadist attacks in East Africa emerged. In 2006, the Islamic Courts Union (ICU) defeated [[Somali warlords]] which resulted in an armed jihadist movement controlling a territory of their own. The ICU was later militarily defeated and al-Shabaab was formed from its remnants. Al-Shabaab would later ally itself with al-Qaeda. In 2017, the [[European Union Institute for Security Studies|EUISS]] noted an increased frequency of jihadist violence in an arc extending across borders from the [[Red Sea]] to the [[Gulf of Guinea]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=African futures: Horizon 2025|last=Arnould, Valérie|others=Strazzari, Francesco,, Institute for Security Studies (Paris, France)|year=2017|isbn=9789291986316|location=Paris|pages=47|oclc=1006747525}}</ref>

==== Algeria ====
{{main|Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)}}
The [[Armed Islamic Group]], active in Algeria between 1992 and 1998, was one of the most violent Islamic terrorist groups, and is thought to have [[takfir]]ed the Muslim population of Algeria. Its campaign to overthrow the Algerian government included [[List of Algerian massacres of the 1990s|civilian massacres]], sometimes wiping out entire villages in its area of operation. It also targeted foreigners living in Algeria, killing more than 100 expatriates in the country. In recent years it has been eclipsed by a splinter group, the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC), now called [[Al-Qaeda Organization in the Islamic Maghreb]].<ref>Kepel, Gilles, ''Jihad'', (2003)</ref>

==== Burkina Faso ====
In January 2016, terrorists from [[Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb]] (AQIM) [[2016 Ouagadougou attacks|shot and killed 30 people at the Splendid Hotel]] in Ouagadougou.<ref name="Welle www.dw.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/de/burkina-faso-islamistische-gefahr-aus-dem-innern/a-41056722|title=Burkina Faso: Islamistische Gefahr aus dem Innern |date=20 October 2017 |publisher=Deutsche Welle |language=de-DE|access-date=18 March 2019}}</ref>

In an August [[2017 Ouagadougou attack]], 19 people were killed, and 25 others were injured when [[al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb|al-Qaeda's Maghreb jihadists affiliates]] opened fire on a Turkish restaurant and hotel.

During the March [[2018 Ouagadougou attacks]], terrorists affiliated with [[Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb]] killed 8 people and injured more than 85.

The terrorist organization [[Ansar ul Islam (Western Africa)|Ansar ul Islam]] is active in Burkina Faso and has conducted assassinations, looting, attacks on police and has closed hundreds of schools.<ref name="Welle www.dw.com" />

==== Egypt ====
{{Main|Terrorism in Egypt}}
Egypt has faced Islamist violence in repeated attacks since the 2011 Arab Spring uprising.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dw.com/en/egypt-kills-40-suspected-militants-after-tourist-bus-attack/a-46893439 |title=Egypt kills 40 suspected militants after tourist bus attack {{!}} DW {{!}} 29 December 2018 |last=Welle (www.dw.com)|first=Deutsche |publisher=Deutsche Welle |language=en-GB  |access-date=20 March 2019}}</ref>

On 17 November 1997, a splinter group of the [[al-Jama'a al-Islamiyya]], an Egyptian [[Islamist]] organization, carried out the [[Luxor massacre]] where 62 people were killed. Most of the killed were tourists.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/741/eg1.htm|title=Fearing the worst|date=5 May 2005|access-date=2 May 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130924131816/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/741/eg1.htm|archive-date=24 September 2013|url-status=dead|work=Al-Ahram Weekly}}</ref>

On 29 December 2017 in Cairo, [[Attack on Saint Menas church|a gunman opened fire at the Coptic Orthodox Church of Saint Menas]] and a nearby shop owned by a Coptic man. Ten citizens and a police officer were killed around ten people were injured in the attack which was claimed by the [[Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant|Islamic state]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.masrawy.com/news/news_egypt/details/2017/12/29/1230869/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%8A-%D8%A7-%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B4-%D9%8A-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%A4%D9%88%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%AA%D9%87-%D8%B9%D9%86-%D9%87%D8%AC%D9%88%D9%85-%D9%83%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A9-%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A7-%D8%A8%D8%AD%D9%84%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86-|title=رسميًا.. داعش يُعلن مسؤوليته عن هجوم كنيسة مارمينا بحلوان|access-date=30 December 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.egyptindependent.com/mass-funeral-held-helwan-church-victims-coptic-orthodox-church/|title=Mass funeral to be held for Helwan church victims: Coptic Orthodox Church – Egypt Independent|date=29 December 2017|access-date=30 December 2017}}</ref>

==== Kenya ====
{{Main|Terrorism in Kenya}}
During the 1990s, Muslims in Kenya received religious radical instruction from [[Al-Qaeda]] and Somali group l-Itihad al-Islami (AIAI). AIAI sought to create an Islamic government over Somalia and the Ogaden region in Ethiopia. In Kenya, it recruited among [[Somalis in Kenya]] living in the [[North Eastern Province (Kenya)|North Eastern Province]] and the [[Eastleigh, Nairobi|Eastleigh district in Nairobi]].<ref name=":6">{{Cite web|url=https://ctc.usma.edu/terrorist-attacks-in-kenya-reveal-domestic-radicalization/|title=Terrorist Attacks in Kenya Reveal Domestic Radicalization|date=29 October 2012|website=Combating Terrorism Center at West Point|language=en-US|access-date=18 March 2019|archive-date=1 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801212030/https://ctc.usma.edu/terrorist-attacks-in-kenya-reveal-domestic-radicalization/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 7 August 1998, [[1998 United States embassy bombings|Al-Qaeda attacked the U.S. Embassy in Nairobi]] in an attack that claimed 213 lives.<ref name=":6" />

On 28 November 2002, Al-Qaeda militants [[2002 Mombasa attacks|attacked an Israeli-owned hotel in Mombasa]] where 15 were killed. Militants also fired [[Man-portable air-defense system|shoulder-launched anti-aircraft missiles]] at an airliner which escaped unharmed.<ref name=":6" />

On Saturday 21 September 2013, [[Westgate shopping mall attack|four Al-Shabaab militants attacked a shopping mall in Nairobi]], shooting and throwing grenades at shoppers. The civilian death toll was 61, along with six soldiers and five of the attackers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ctc.usma.edu/the-nairobi-attack-and-al-shababs-media-strategy/|title=The Nairobi Attack and Al-Shabab's Media Strategy|date=24 October 2013|website=Combating Terrorism Center at West Point|language=en-US|access-date=18 March 2019|archive-date=23 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923063727/https://ctc.usma.edu/the-nairobi-attack-and-al-shababs-media-strategy/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In 2015, 147 people were killed by Al-Shabaab militants during the [[Garissa University College attack]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-32169080|title=Kenya university attack kills 147|date=3 April 2015|access-date=18 March 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref>

After Al-Shabaab abducted foreign aid workers and tourists in Kenya, Kenyan troops were sent to Somalia in October 2011 to pursue al-Shabab militants. In the wake of the intervention, Kenya has suffered a number of attacks carried out both by al-Shabaab militants as well as Kenyan Muslim recruited by radical clerics in [[Provinces of Kenya|North-Eastern and Coast provinces]].<ref name=":6" />

==== Mali ====
{{Main|Category:Islamic terrorism in Mali}}

==== Mauritius ====
In 2011, Mauritian shop-keeper Reaz Lauthan travelled to Syria to join Islamic State and participate in the war. In Mauritius Reaz Lauthan had established Al Muhajiroun, an organisation which promoted the relinquishment of Islamic traditions that originated from India. However Lauthan's group disintegrated and he made his way to Syria. He returned to Mauritius in 2012 and befriended members of a new  Islamic group called Hizb ul Tahrir. He died in 2013 in Syria soon after returning there to participate in Islamic State's activities. 4 other Mauritians had attempted to join Reaz Lauthan in Syria but were refused entry at the Turkish border.<ref>{{cite web |title=Avant Yogen Sundrun: Reaz Lauthan, un Mauricien en Syrie… |date=12 December 2015 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/272823/avant-yogen-sundrun-reaz-lauthan-un-mauricien-en-syrie |publisher=L'Express |access-date=2015-12-12}}</ref>

In August 2014, Mauritians Mohammed Iqbal Golamaully, aged 48, and his wife, Nazimabee Golamaully, aged 45, provided financial support to their nephew Zafirr Golamaully who had left Mauritius in March 2014 to fight for Islamic State in Syria after travelling via Dubai and Turkey. The couple was eventually jailed in 2016. Zafirr Golamaully's sister Lubnaa also left Mauritius to join him in Syria. Hospital director Mohammed Iqbal Golamaully had also encouraged Lubnaa to become familiar with the new gun that Zafirr had purchased for her. Mohammed Iqbal Golamaully also instructed Lubnaa to "revolutionise the Islamic Concept amongst our close relatives". Using a pseudonym "Abu Hud" Zafirr Golamaully posted hate messages on Twitter following the terrorist attack against magazine Charlie Hebdo in Paris in January 2015. On other social media sites Zafirr Golamaully used pseudonym "Paladin of Jihad" to provide advice to would-be jihadists on how to avoid deportation by Turkish immigration officials.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Press Association |title=South London couple plead guilty to funding nephew fighting for Isis |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/oct/03/south-london-couple-plead-guilty-to-funding-nephew-fighting-for-isis |work=The Guardian |date=3 October 2016 |access-date=4 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Swann |first1=Steve |title=Couple jailed for funding Islamic State fighter nephew |work=BBC News |date=22 November 2016 |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-38056207 |access-date=22 November 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Djihadistes mauriciens: des amis de Zafirr et Lubnaa Golamaully racontent |date=8 October 2016 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/291164/djihadistes-mauriciens-amis-zafirr-et-lubnaa-golamaully-racontent |publisher=L'Express |access-date=8 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Abel |first1=Vinesen |title=Zafirr et Lubnaa Golamaully, deux ex-élèves de collèges d'élite devenus terroristes |date=5 October 2016 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/290933/zafirr-et-lubnaa-golamaully-deux-ex-eleves-colleges-delite-devenus-terroristes |publisher=L'Express |access-date=5 October 2016}}</ref>

In December 2015, Islamic State issued a video on social media which showed Mauritian citizen Yogen Sundrun who used his pseudonym Abu Shuaib Al Afriqi to claim that IS fighters will liberate Mauritius soon. The video prominently featured a flag of Daesh. Yogen Sundrun also urged other Mauritians, especially nurses and doctors, to travel to the lands of Islamic State. In 2014, Yogen Sundrun had released an earlier video, intended for South Africans at the time of Eid, and encouraging them to join the "Caliphate of Daesh". In that video he held his daughter in his arms and stated "This is my fifth daughter in the Khilafah, praise be God. Brothers and sisters, I don't have the words to express myself about the happiness to be here…". Around him children held fire-arms.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Arouff |first1=Jean Paul |last2=Harelle |first2=Audrey |title=Dans une vidéo de propagande: un Mauricien appelle à rejoindre Daech |date=9 December 2015 |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/video/272693/dans-une-video-propagande-un-mauricien-appelle-rejoindre-daech |publisher=L'Express |access-date=9 December 2015}}</ref>

During the night of Sunday 29 May 2016 and the following morning, several gunshots were fired at the French Embassy located in the capital city [[Port Louis]]. Graffiti was also painted by the attackers on the front fence of the compound which referred to Islamic State and claims that their prophet Abu Bakr Baghdadi had been insulted.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gunshots fired at French Embassy in Mauritius |url=https://www.africanews.com/2016/05/30/gunshots-fired-near-french-embassy-in-mauritius-police-on-alert// |website=Africa News |date=30 May 2016 |access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Descours |first1=Guillaume |title=Île Maurice: des coups de feu tirés contre l'ambassade de France |url=https://www.lefigaro.fr/actualite-france/2016/05/30/01016-20160530ARTFIG00227-le-maurice-des-coups-de-feu-tires-contre-l-ambassade-de-france.php |website=Le Figaro |date=30 May 2016 |access-date=30 May 2016}}</ref>

Following the murder of Manan Fakhoo in January 2021, who was shot dead in [[Beau Bassin-Rose Hill|Beau-Bassin]] by hitmen riding a motorbike, Javed Meetoo, a resident of Vallee Pitôt and member of Daesh ([[Islamic State]]), was arrested and charged with "harbouring terrorist" on 14 March 2022.<ref>{{cite web |title=Meurtre de Manan Fakoo: Le prédicateur islamiste Javed Meetoo |url=https://www.zinfos-moris.com/Meurtre-de-Manan-Fakoo-le-predicateur-islamiste-Javed-Meetoo-serait-l-un-des-cinq-suspects_a20729.html |publisher=Zinfos |access-date=15 February 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Lovina Sophie |first1=Lovina Sophie |title=Assassinat de Manan Fakhoo: Javed Meetoo inculpé sous le "Prevention of Terrorism Act" |url=https://www.lexpress.mu/article/406104/assassinat-manan-fakhoo-javed-meetoo-inculpe-sous-prevention-terrorism-act |work=L'Express |date=15 March 2022 |access-date=15 March 2022}}</ref> In March 2021, Yassiin Meetou had confessed that he had assisted shooter Ajmal Aumeeruddy and Ajam Beeharry of Camp Yoloff by transporting them and their motorbike to shoot Manan Fakhoo.<ref>{{cite web |title=Manan Fakhoo assassination: an investigator offers the status of "star witness" to Yassiin Meetou |url=https://mauritiushindinews.com/hindi-newspaper-in-mauritius/manan-fakhoo-assassination-an-investigator-offers-the-status-of-star-witness-to-yassiin-meetou/ |publisher=Mauritius News & L'Express |access-date=27 March 2021}}</ref>

==== Morocco ====
{{See also|Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group|Salafia Jihadia|Insurgency in the Maghreb (2002–present)}}

The majority of the perpetrators directly and indirectly involved in the [[2004 Madrid train bombings]] were Moroccans. In the aftermath of that attack, Morocco became a focus of attention for anti-terrorist authorities in [[#Spain|Spain]].<ref name="ispi2018" />

While Morocco is generally seen as a secure destination for tourists as the last terrorist attack happened in [[2011 Marrakesh bombing|2011 where 17 people were killed by bomb at a restaurant in Marrakesh]], over 1600 people have travelled from Morocco to join the Islamic State in the [[Syrian Civil War]]. Moroccan authorities initially ignored the people who joined ISIS but later on realised they could return to commit terrorist offences in Morocco. As a result, the ''Bureau Central d'Investigations Judiciaires'' (BCIJ) was formed.<ref name=":03">{{Cite web|url=https://jyllands-posten.dk/premium/indblik/Indland/ECE11086519/mindst-1600-marokkanere-sluttede-sig-til-is-nu-har-marokko-et-problem-med-hellige-krigere/|title=Hundreder af tikkende bomber i landet, som Islamisk Stat styrede udenom i syv år|date=20 December 2018|website=jyllands-posten.dk|access-date=23 December 2018}}</ref>

In the 2013–2017 period, anti-terrorist authorities in Morocco, in cooperation with their counterparts in Spain, conducted up to eleven joint operations against jihadist cells and networks.<ref name="ispi2018" />

In 2016, the government developed a strategy to further adherence to the [[Maliki]] Islamic school of thought. The authorities removed Quranic passages that were deemed too violent from religious education textbooks. As a result, the textbooks were reduced to 24 lessons from the 50 lessons they had before.<ref name="ispi2018" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20161213-focus-morocco-school-reform-religious-education-islam-fight-extremism|title=FOCUS – Morocco reforms religious education to fight extremism|date=13 December 2016|publisher=France 24|language=en|access-date=27 December 2018}}</ref>

In 2017, it was estimated that {{Val|1623}} Moroccans and 2000 Moroccan-Europeans had travelled to join the Islamic State caliphate in the [[Syrian Civil War]], which along with other fighters from MENA countries contributed a significant force to ISIS.<ref name="ispi2018" />

According to a researcher at the [[Danish Institute for International Studies]], Moroccan authorities appear to have a good grip on the jihadist situation and cooperates with European and US authorities. Moroccans are overrepresented in "diaspora terrorism", that is terrorism which takes place outside the borders of Morocco. For example, two Moroccans were behind the [[2017 London Bridge attack]] and a Moroccan killed people by driving his van into pedestrians in [[La Rambla, Barcelona|La Rambla]] in the [[2017 Barcelona attacks|2017 Barcelona terrorist attacks]].<ref name=":03" />

==== Mozambique ====

Mozambique has seen an Islamist insurgency and terror attacks, by Ansar al-Sunna and ISIL, starting with October 2017, in the [[Insurgency in Cabo Delgado|Cabo Delgado Province]]. By December 2020, more than [[Insurgency in Cabo Delgado|3,500 people have been killed]] and [[Insurgency in Cabo Delgado|more than 400,000 people have been displaced]].

==== Nigeria, Niger, Chad and Cameroon insurgency by Boko Haram ====
{{See also|Boko Haram insurgency}}

[[Boko Haram]] is an Islamic extremist group based in northeastern Nigeria which began violent attacks in 2009, also active in Chad, Niger and northern Cameroon. In the 2009–2018 period, more than 27,000 people have been killed in the fighting in the countries around [[Lake Chad]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-15336689|title=Who are Somalia's al-Shabab?|date=22 December 2017|work=BBC News|access-date=4 January 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name="thedefensepost.com">{{Cite web|url=https://thedefensepost.com/2018/09/29/chad-troops-kill-17-boko-haram-6-dead-lake-chad/|title=Chad troops kill 17 Boko Haram militants after 6 killed in Lake Chad attacks|date=29 September 2018|website=The Defense Post|language=en-US|access-date=18 March 2019}}</ref>

A study from June 2021 by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) estimates that nearly 350,000 have been killed by the [[Boko Haram insurgency]].<ref name="reuters.com">{{Cite web|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/northeast-nigeria-insurgency-has-killed-almost-350000-un-2021-06-24/|title=Northeast Nigeria insurgency has killed almost 350,000 – UN|date=24 June 2021|work=Reuters|language=en-US|access-date=13 February 2022}}</ref>

Boko Haram consists of two factions, one is led by [[Abubakar Shekau]] and it uses suicide bombings and kill civilians indiscriminately. The other is named Islamic State West Africa Province and it generally attacks military and government installations.<ref name="thedefensepost.com" />

==== Somalia and the Horn of Africa ====
[[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]] is a militant jihadist terrorist group based in East Africa, which emerged in 2006 as the youth wing of the [[Islamic Courts Union]]. A number of foreign jihadists{{Who|date=January 2019}} have gone to Somalia to support al-Shabaab. In 2012, it pledged allegiance to the militant Islamist organization Al-Qaeda. It is a participant in the Somali Civil War, and is reportedly being used by Egypt to destabilize Ethiopia, and attracting converts from predominantly Christian Kenya.<ref name=":5" />

In 2010, the group [[July 2010 Kampala attacks|killed 76 people watching the 2010 World Cup in Uganda]].<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-24379013|title=In prison with al-Shabab: What drives Somali militants?|date=5 October 2013|work=BBC News|access-date=4 January 2019|language=en-GB}}</ref>

In 2017, al-Shabaab was estimated to have about 7000–9000 fighters. It has imposed a strict Sharia law in areas it controls, such as stoning adulterers and amputating hands of thieves.<ref name=":5" />

==== Sudan ====
{{Main|Terrorism in Sudan}}
* [[2000 Jarafa mosque massacre]]

==== Tanzania ====
* [[1998 United States embassy bombings]]

==== Tunisia ====
On 11 April 2002, [[Ghriba synagogue bombing|a Tunisian Al-Qaeda operative used a truck bomb to attack]] the [[El Ghriba synagogue]] on [[Djerba]] island. The attack killed 19 people and injured 30 and was planned by [[Khalid Sheikh Mohammed]] and financed by a [[Pakistanis in Spain|Pakistani resident of Spain]].<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IQbRDgAAQBAJ&pg=PT88|title=Al-Qaeda's Revenge: The 2004 Madrid Train Bombings|last=Reinares|first=Fernando|publisher=Columbia University Press|year=2016|isbn=978-0-231-80140-9|page=88}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ctc.usma.edu/fifteen-years-after-the-djerba-synagogue-bombing/|title=Fifteen Years after the Djerba Synagogue Bombing|date=14 April 2017|website=Combating Terrorism Center at West Point|language=en-US|access-date=18 March 2019|archive-date=6 December 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181206103743/https://ctc.usma.edu/fifteen-years-after-the-djerba-synagogue-bombing/|url-status=dead}}</ref>

On 18 March 2015, [[Bardo National Museum attack|three militants attacked the Bardo National Museum]] in the [[Tunisia]]n capital city of [[Tunis]], and took hostages. Twenty-one people, mostly European tourists, were killed at the scene, and an additional victim died ten days later. Around fifty others were injured.<ref name="nytimes12">{{cite news|date=18 March 2015|title=The Latest: French President Mourns Tunisia Victims|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/03/18/world/middleeast/ap-ml-tunisia-attack-the-latest.html|url-status=dead|access-date=4 February 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320215139/https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/03/18/world/middleeast/ap-ml-tunisia-attack-the-latest.html|archive-date=20 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="latimes">{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/world/middleeast/la-fg-tunisia-museum-attack-20150318-story.html#page=1|title=Museum attack a 'great calamity' for Tunisia's young democracy|date=18 March 2015|work=Los Angeles Times|access-date=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="auto">[https://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/tunisia-death-toll-in-museum-attack-rises-to-23/ar-BBiqmqN Death toll rises to 23] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180105123113/http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/tunisia-death-toll-in-museum-attack-rises-to-23/ar-BBiqmqN |date=5 January 2018 }}, MSN. Retrieved 19 March 2015.</ref> Two of the gunmen, Tunisian citizens Yassine Labidi and Saber Khachnaoui were killed by police. Police treated the event as a [[terrorist attack]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/3/18/tourists-killed-in-tunisia-museum-assault.html|title=21 dead in Tunisia attack, Including Gunmen|publisher=Al Jazeera|access-date=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/tunisia/11479898/Gunmen-take-hostages-in-attack-on-Tunisia-parliament.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150318130121/http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/tunisia/11479898/Gunmen-take-hostages-in-attack-on-Tunisia-parliament.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 March 2015|title=Gunmen 'take hostages' in attack on Tunisia parliament.|last1=Marszal|first1=Andrew|date=18 March 2015|work=The Telegraph|access-date=18 March 2015}}</ref>

In June 2015, a mass shooting claimed by the Islamic State [[2015 Sousse attacks|was carried out at a hotel by Seifeddine Rezgui]]. Thirty-eight people were killed, the majority of whom were tourists from the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/20150626-tunisia-deadly-shooting-beach-resort-gunmen|title=Scores killed in terror attack on Tunisian beach resort|date=26 June 2015|publisher=France 24|language=en|access-date=19 March 2019}}</ref>

==== Uganda ====
* [[2010 Kampala bombings]]. On 11 July 2010, [[Al-Shabaab (militant group)|Al-Shabaab]] carried out suicide bombings at two locations in Kampala, the capital city of [[Uganda]]. The attacks left [[2010 Kampala bombings|74 dead and 85 injured]].
* [[2021 Uganda bombings]]. From late October to mid-November 2021, the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) and the Islamic State organization carried out four bombing attacks across [[Uganda]].