Chuck Grassley

=== Medical research ===
Grassley also began an investigation about unreported payments to physicians by pharmaceutical companies. He led a 2008 Congressional investigation that found that well-known university [[psychiatrist]]s, who had promoted [[psychoactive drug]]s, had violated federal and university regulations by secretly receiving large sums of money from the pharmaceutical companies that made the drugs.<ref>{{cite book|last=Kirk|first=Stuart A.|title=Mad Science: Psychiatric Coercion, Diagnosis, and Drugs|year=2013|publisher=Transaction Publishers|page=21}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' reported that [[Joseph Biederman]] of Harvard University had failed to report over $1 million of income he had received from pharmaceutical companies.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/08/us/08conflict.html|title=Researchers Fail to Reveal Full Drug Pay|work=[[The New York Times]]|first1=Gardiner|last1=Harris|first2=Benedict|last2=Carey|date=June 8, 2008|url-status = live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081210021458/http://www.nytimes.com/2008/06/08/us/08conflict.html|archive-date=December 10, 2008}}</ref> Weeks later, Grassley alleged that [[Alan Schatzberg]], chair of psychiatry at [[Stanford University]], had underreported his investments in [[Corcept Therapeutics]], a company he founded.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/jun2008/tc20080626_630542.htm|title=Drug Makers and College Labs: Too Cozy?|work=[[Business Week]]|first=Arlene|last=Weintraub|date=June 26, 2008|url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524003304/http://www.businessweek.com/technology/content/jun2008/tc20080626_630542.htm|archive-date=May 24, 2011}}</ref> Schatzberg had reported only $100,000 investments in Corcept, but Grassley said his investments actually totaled over $6 million. Schatzberg later stepped down from his grant, which was funded by the [[National Institutes of Health]] (NIH).<ref>{{cite news|url=http://chronicle.com/news/article/4922/stanford-researcher-accused-of-conflicts-steps-down-as-nih-principal-investigator|title=Stanford Researcher, Accused of Conflicts, Steps Down as NIH Principal Investigator|work=[[The Chronicle of Higher Education]]|date=August 1, 2008|url-status = live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201150934/http://chronicle.com/news/article/4922/stanford-researcher-accused-of-conflicts-steps-down-as-nih-principal-investigator|archive-date=February 1, 2009}}</ref>

Similarly, [[Charles Nemeroff]] resigned as chair of the psychiatry department at [[Emory University]] after failing to report a third of the $2.8 million in consulting fees he received from [[GlaxoSmithKline]]. At the time he received these fees, Nemeroff had been principal investigator of a $3.9 million NIH grant evaluating five medications for depression manufactured by GlaxoSmithKline.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://articles.latimes.com/2008/oct/04/science/sci-doctors4|title=Doctor Accused in Congress' Probe|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=October 4, 2008|first1=Denise|last1=Gellene|first2=Thomas H.|last2=Maugh II|url-status = live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090201144702/http://articles.latimes.com/2008/oct/04/science/sci-doctors4|archive-date=February 1, 2009}}</ref>

In 2008, for the first time, Grassley asked the [[American Psychiatric Association]] to disclose how much of its annual budget came from drug industry funds. The APA said that industry contributed 28% of its budget ($14 million at that time), mainly through paid advertising in APA journals and funds for continuing medical education.<ref name=stuarta>{{cite book|last=Kirk|first=Stuart A.|title=Mad Science: Psychiatric Coercion, Diagnosis, and Drugs|year=2013|publisher=[[Transaction Publishers]]|location=Piscataway, New Jersey|isbn=978-1412855921}}</ref>