England

=== Media ===
{{Main|Media in the United Kingdom}}
[[File:Footbridge_to_Media_City,_Salford_-_geograph.org.uk_-_6131368.jpg|thumb|[[MediaCityUK|MediaCity]] in Manchester is the largest media-production facility in Europe.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=Europe's largest, digital, tech and creative hub: MediaCity |url=https://www.mediacityuk.co.uk/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/MediaCity_Commercial-Brochure_Feb_V1_030223.pdf |journal=MediaCityUK}}</ref>]]
The [[BBC]], founded in 1922, is the UK's publicly funded radio, television and Internet broadcasting corporation, and is the oldest and largest broadcaster in the world.<ref name="MediaNewsline">{{cite web|title=BBC: World's largest broadcaster & Most trusted media brand|url=http://www.medianewsline.com/news/151/ARTICLE/4930/2009-08-13.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101005004930/http://www.medianewsline.com/news/151/ARTICLE/4930/2009-08-13.html|archive-date=5 October 2010|access-date=23 September 2010|publisher=Media Newsline}}</ref><ref name="AboutBBC">{{cite news|title=About the BBC&nbsp;– What is the BBC|work=BBC Online|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/info/purpose/what.shtml|access-date=9 March 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100116202334/http://www.bbc.co.uk/info/purpose/what.shtml|archive-date=16 January 2010}}</ref> It operates numerous television and radio stations in the UK and abroad and its domestic services are funded by the [[Television licensing in the United Kingdom|television licence]].<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite journal|last=Newswire7|date=13 August 2009|title=BBC: World's largest broadcaster & Most trusted media brand|url=http://www.medianewsline.com/news/151/ARTICLE/4930/2009-08-13.html|url-status=dead|journal=Media Newsline|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110510090842/http://www.medianewsline.com/news/151/ARTICLE/4930/2009-08-13.html|archive-date=10 May 2011|access-date=19 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|date=April 2010|title=TV Licence Fee: facts & figures|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/keyfacts/stories/licencefee.shtml|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110427080539/http://www.bbc.co.uk/pressoffice/keyfacts/stories/licencefee.shtml|archive-date=27 April 2011|publisher=BBC Press Office}}</ref> The [[BBC World Service]] is an [[International broadcasting|international broadcaster]] owned and operated by the [[BBC]]. It is the world's largest of any kind.<ref>{{cite web |title=The Work of the BBC World Service |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmfaff/334/334.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021001645/https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/cm200910/cmselect/cmfaff/334/334.pdf |archive-date=21 October 2020 |access-date=16 February 2011}}</ref> It broadcasts radio news, speech and discussions in more than 40 languages.<ref>{{Cite web |title=News in your language – BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/ws/languages |website=bbc.co.uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC World Service |url=https://www.bbc.com/aboutthebbc/whatwedo/worldservice |website=bbc.com}}</ref>

London dominates the media sector in England: national newspapers and television and radio are largely based there, although [[Manchester]] is also a significant national media centre. The UK publishing sector, including books, directories and databases, journals, magazines and business media, newspapers and news agencies, has a combined turnover of around £20&nbsp;billion and employs around 167,000 people.<ref>{{cite web|title=Publishing|url=http://www.culture.gov.uk/what_we_do/creative_industries/3280.aspx|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110505104322/http://www.culture.gov.uk/what_we_do/creative_industries/3280.aspx|archive-date=5 May 2011|publisher=Department of Culture, Media and Sport}}</ref> National newspapers produced in England include ''[[The Times]]'', ''[[The Guardian]]'', ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'', and the ''[[Financial Times]]''.<ref name="paper2">{{cite news|date=10 October 2008|title=ABCs: National daily newspaper circulation September 2008|work=The Guardian|location=UK|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/table/2008/oct/10/abcs-pressandpublishing|access-date=17 October 2008}}</ref>

Magazines and journals published in England that have achieved worldwide circulation include ''[[Nature (journal)|Nature]]'', ''[[New Scientist]]'', ''[[The Spectator]]'', ''[[Prospect (magazine)|Prospect]]'', ''[[NME]]'' and ''[[The Economist]]''. The [[Secretary of State for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport|Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport]] has overall responsibility over media and broadcasting in England.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport – GOV.UK |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/ministers/secretary-of-state-for-digital-culture-media-and-sport |access-date=21 December 2020 |website=www.gov.uk |language=en}}</ref>