Boko Haram

===2015===
====Cameroon bus attack====
{{main|2015 Cameroon bus attack}}
On 1 January, Boko Haram killed at least 15 people on a bus in the Far North Region of Cameroon.

====Baga massacre====
{{main|2015 Baga massacre}}
On 3 January, Boko Haram attacked [[Baga, Nigeria|Baga]], seizing it and the multinational joint task force military base. As the militants advanced the army fled. Some residents managed to escape to Chad.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-30672391 |title=Boko Haram seizes army base in Nigeria town of Baga |work=[[BBC News]] |date=4 January 2015}}</ref> Although the death toll of the massacre was earlier estimated by [[Western media]] to be upwards of 2000,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.smh.com.au/world/boko-haram-massacre-thousands-says-amnesty-international-20150110-12loit.html |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]|title=Boko Haram massacre thousands, says Amnesty International |date=10 January 2015 |access-date=11 January 2015}}</ref> the Defence Ministry dismissed these claims as "speculation and conjecture", estimating the figure to be closer to 150.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-30788480 |title=Boko Haram crisis: Nigeria estimates Baga deaths at 150 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=12 January 2015}}</ref> On 25 January, the militants advanced to [[Monguno]], capturing the town and a nearby military base. Their advance on Maiduguri and [[Konduga]], 40&nbsp;km to the southeast, was repelled. After retaking Monguno, the army expelled the militants from Baga on 21 February.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hrw.org/news/2015/06/10/anatomy-boko-haram-massacre|title=Anatomy of a Boko Haram Massacre|work=Human Rights Watch|author=Samer Muscati|date=10 June 2015|access-date=22 October 2015}}</ref>

The Baga massacre was one of the Nigerian Army's biggest defeats in terms of loss of equipment and civilian casualties. Several officers were [[court-martial]]ed. In October, General [[Enitan Ransome-Kuti]] was dismissed from the army and sentenced to six months imprisonment. It was determined that he had failed in his duty to launch a counter-attack after retreating from the town.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-34550050|title=Nigerian general jailed over Boko Haram attack on Baga|work=[[BBC News]]|date=16 October 2015|access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref>

====West African offensive====
{{main|2015 West African offensive}}
[[File:Wilayat al Sudan al Gharbi.png|300px|thumb|right|Map of Boko Haram's territorial control on 10 April 2015, over 2 months after the start of the 2015 West African offensive]]
Starting on 23 January, a coalition of military forces from Nigeria, Chad, Cameroon, and Niger began a campaign against Boko Haram.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria postpones elections, focuses on major offensive against Boko Haram |agency=[[Associated Press|AP News]]|work=The Christian Science Monitor|date=7 February 2015|access-date=30 April 2015|url=http://www.csmonitor.com/World/Latest-News-Wires/2015/0207/Nigeria-postpones-elections-focuses-on-major-offensive-against-Boko-Haram-video}}</ref> On 4 February, the [[Military of Chad|Chadian Army]] killed over 200 Boko Haram militants.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2015/02/04/world/africa/ap-af-nigeria-violence.html| title=NYT | access-date=4 February 2015}}</ref> Soon afterwards, Boko Haram carried out [[Fotokol massacre|a massacre]] in the town of [[Fotokol]] in Far North, Cameroon, killing 81 civilians, 13 Chadian soldiers and 6 Cameroonian soldiers.<ref>{{cite news |title=Chadian jets bomb Nigerian town in anti-Boko Haram raid |work=[[News 24 (Albania)|News24]] |access-date=10 February 2015 |date=5 February 2015 |url=http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Chad-troops-killed-in-Boko-Haram-counter-attack-20150205 |archive-date=6 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150706174541/http://www.news24.com/Africa/News/Chad-troops-killed-in-Boko-Haram-counter-attack-20150205 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On 2 March, the Nigerian military defeated Boko Haram in the [[Battle of Konduga (2015)|Battle of Konduga]].

On 7 March, Boko Haram's leader Abubakar Shekau pledged allegiance to ISIL via an audio message posted on the organisation's [[Twitter]] account.<ref name="theatlantic_387235"/><ref name="BokoHaramIS2"/> Nigerian army spokesperson Sami Usman Kukasheka said the pledge was a sign of weakness and that Shekau was like a "drowning man".<ref>{{cite news|title=Boko Haram conflict: Nigerian allies launch offensive|date=8 March 2015 |publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-31789412|access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref> On 12 March 2015, ISIL's spokesman [[Abu Mohammad al-Adnani]] released an audiotape in which he welcomed the pledge of allegiance, and described it as an expansion of the group's caliphate to West Africa.<ref name="BokoHaramIS">{{cite web | url=https://news.yahoo.com/accepts-allegiance-nigeria-jihadists-boko-haram-201513146.html | title=IS welcomes Boko Haram allegiance: tape | publisher=AFP | date=12 March 2015 | access-date=12 March 2015}}</ref>

On 24 March, residents of [[Damasak]], Borno State, said that Boko Haram had taken more than 400 women and children from the town as they fled from coalition forces [[Battle of Damasak|who retook it]] [[Damasak massacre|and discovered]] a [[mass grave]] of Boko Haram victims.<ref>{{cite news | url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-violence-nigeria-kidnapping-idUSKBN0MK22Y20150324 | title=Boko Haram kidnapped hundreds in northern Nigeria town: residents | work=[[Reuters]]| date=24 March 2015 | access-date=25 March 2015 | author=Penney, Joe | archive-date=25 March 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150325182816/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/03/24/us-violence-nigeria-kidnapping-idUSKBN0MK22Y20150324 | url-status=live }}</ref> On 27 March, the Nigerian Army captured Gwoza, which was believed to be the location of Boko Haram headquarters.<ref>{{cite news|title=Boko Haram HQ Gwoza in Nigeria 'retaken'|date=27 March 2015|publisher=[[BBC News]]|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-32087211|access-date=1 May 2015}}</ref> On election day 28 March 2015, Boko Haram extremists killed 41 people, including a legislator, to discourage hundreds from voting.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.ctvnews.ca/world/boko-haram-kills-41-as-millions-of-nigerians-vote-in-close-presidential-election-1.2301714 | title=Boko Haram kills 41 as millions of Nigerians vote in close presidential election | agency=[[Associated Press]] | date=28 March 2015 | access-date=28 March 2015 | author=Michelle Faul and Haruna Umar}}</ref>

In March, Boko Haram lost control of the Northern Nigerian towns of [[Bama, Nigeria|Bama]]<ref name = BBCTide>Ewokor, Chris (21 March 2015) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-31911641 Is the tide turning against Boko Haram?] BBC News, Africa. Retrieved 29 April 2015</ref> and Gwoza<ref>(27 March 2015) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-32087211 Boko Haram HQ Gwoza in Nigeria 'retaken'] BBC News, Africa. Retrieved 29 April 2015</ref> to the Nigerian army. The Nigerian authorities said that they had taken back 11 of the 14 districts previously controlled by Boko Haram.<ref name = BBCTide/> In April, four Boko Haram camps in the [[Sambisa Forest]] were overrun by the Nigerian military who freed nearly 300 females.<ref>(29 April 2015) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-32506942 Nigerian army 'rescues nearly 300' from Sambisa Forest] BBC News, Africa. Retrieved 29 April 2015</ref> Boko Haram forces were believed to have retreated to the [[Mandara Mountains]], along the Nigeria-Cameroon border.<ref>(14 April 2015) [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-32292854 Nigeria's Chibok girls 'seen with Boko Haram in Gwoza'] BBC News, Africa. Retrieved 29 April 2015</ref>

====Damaturu, Potiskum and Kano bombings====
{{main|February 2015 Nigeria bombings}}
In late February, suicide bombers killed about 50 people in Damaturu, Potiskum and Kano.

====Attrition of Catholic diocese of Maiduguri====
A report by the Catholic diocese of Maiduguri estimated that as of May 2015 over 5,000 Nigerian Catholics had been killed by Boko Haram. The diocese also reported 7,000 widows and 10,000 orphans among its laity. Furthermore, Boko Haram militants had taken over several parish centres within the diocese.<ref>Lodge, Carey.  [http://www.christiantoday.com/article/nigeria.at.least.5000.catholics.killed.by.boko.haram/53864.htm "Nigeria: at least 5,000 Catholics killed by Boko Haram"], ''[Christian Today]'', London, 13 May 2015.  Retrieved 4 May 2016.</ref>

====N'Djamena suicide bombings====
{{main|2015 N'Djamena bombings}}
On 15 June, two suicide bombings of police sites in [[N'Djamena]], the capital and largest city of Chad, killed 38 people. Boko Haram later claimed responsibility for these attacks.<ref name=juneattack>{{cite news|title=Boko Haram claims June suicide bombings in Chad capital|url=https://news.yahoo.com/boko-haram-claims-june-suicide-bombings-chad-capital-214525681.html|access-date=20 July 2015|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|date=8 July 2015}}</ref> On 27 June, suicide bombers killed six members of their own cell and five police officers during a police raid.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-33310745|title=Chad police killed in N'Djamena weapons raid|work=[[BBC News]] |date=29 June 2015}}</ref> On 11 July, a male suicide bomber disguised in a woman's burqa detonated his explosives belt in the main market of N'Djamena, next to the main mosque, killing 15 people and injuring 80.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Nako|first1=Madjiasra|last2=Ngarmbassa|first2=Moumine|title=Suicide bomber in burqa kills 15 people in Chad capital|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-chad-violence-idUKKCN0PL0A520150711|access-date=20 July 2015|work=[[Reuters]]|date=11 July 2015}}</ref> Several days after the bombing, Boko Haram claimed responsibility via Twitter, signing as "Islamic State, West Africa province".<ref>{{cite news|title=Chad to arrest women wearing full-face veil after deadly suicide bombing in the capital|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/chad-to-arrest-women-wearing-fullface-veil-after-deadly-suicide-bombing-in-the-capital-10388274.html|access-date=22 July 2015|work=[[The Independent]]|date=14 July 2015}}</ref>

====July mosques massacres====
{{main|July 2015 Kukawa massacre}}
Boko Haram militants attacked multiple mosques on 1 and 2 July. Forty-eight men and boys were killed on the 1st at one mosque in [[Kukawa]]. Seventeen were wounded in the attack. Ninety-seven others, mostly men, were killed in numerous mosques on the 2nd with a number of women and young girls killed in their homes. An unknown number were wounded.<ref>{{cite news|title=Boko Haram guns down 97 people praying in mosques in Nigeria |url=https://news.yahoo.com/boko-haram-guns-down-97-people-praying-mosques-180514251.html/ |agency=[[Associated Press]] |access-date=2 July 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150707234151/http://news.yahoo.com/boko-haram-guns-down-97-people-praying-mosques-180514251.html |archive-date=7 July 2015 }}</ref>

====5 July attacks====
{{main|5 July 2015 Nigeria attacks}}
On 5 July, major attacks occurred in Potiskum, Jos and Borno State.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/06/nigeria-bombs-kill-44-in-crowded-mosque-restaurant-jos-boko-haram|title=Nigeria bombs kill at least 44 in crowded mosque and restaurant|agency=[[Associated Press]]|date=6 July 2015|website=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

====Fotokol bombings====
{{main|Fotokol bombings}}
On 12 July, two female suicide bombers wearing burqas killed 13 people in Fotokol. In response, the governor of Far North banned the garments to prevent further similar attacks.

====Claims of defeat====
The [[2015 Nigerian general election|March 2015 general election]] was won by Buhari, who had vowed to remove inefficiency and corruption in the military.<ref>{{cite news|title=Nigeria Opposition Leader Vows to Improve Security|url=http://www.voanews.com/a/nigeria-opposition-leader-vows-to-improve-security/2557090.html|access-date=7 January 2017|work=[[VOA]]|date=12 December 2014}}</ref> On 9 September 2015, the Director of Information at the Defence Headquarters, Colonel Rabe Abubakar announced that all known Boko Haram camps and cells had been destroyed, and that the group was so weakened that they could no longer hold any territory:
{{blockquote|These terrorists have been subdued, even if they are adopting other means and as they are re-strategising, we are also doing the same and pre-empting them. We have coordinated the air and ground assaults to make sure that these terrorists' hideouts are completely decimated. As I am speaking to you, all the terrorists' camps have completely been wiped out. So right now they are completely in disarray, have no command and control of where to plan. We have even taken over their camps that most of them abandoned and are attempting to blend into towns and communities. We have also apprehended some of them and very soon innocent Nigerians can move back to their communities. We are making a lot of headway, so people should know that Boko Haram is no longer strong enough to hold grounds. Very soon this issue of whether they are in control of any territory in Nigeria or not will come to the open. I am assuring you that they will never again recapture the territory taken from them because what is happening right now with the deployment of troops, equipment and morale will ensure that.<ref name=defeat/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/dhq-nigerian-troops-have-destroyed-all-boko-haram-camps/219851/ |title=DHQ: Nigerian Troops Have Destroyed All Boko Haram Camps |work=This Day Live |date=10 September 2015 |access-date=10 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150913004000/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/dhq-nigerian-troops-have-destroyed-all-boko-haram-camps/219851 |archive-date=13 September 2015}}</ref>}}

Buhari later reiterated in December that Boko Haram was "technically defeated"<ref name=BBCDefeated>{{cite news|title=Nigeria Boko Haram: Militants 'technically defeated' – Buhari|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-35173618|access-date=24 December 2015|work=[[BBC News]]|date=24 December 2015}}</ref> and declared in December 2016 that the group had been entirely ousted from its last stronghold of Sambisa Forest.<ref>{{cite news|title=Boko Haram 'crushed' by Nigerian army in final forest stronghold|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/boko-haram-nigerian-army-sambisa-forest-a7494176.html|access-date=26 December 2016|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=24 December 2016}}</ref>

====Borno====
{{main|September 2015 Borno State bombings}}
On 20 September, a series of bombings occurred in Maiduguri and Monguno and the attacks followed an announcement by Shekau refuting the army's claims of defeat. A military spokesman stated that the event showed the "high level of desperation" of Boko Haram.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-34311082|title=Nigeria's Boko Haram crisis: Maiduguri blasts kill dozens|work=[[BBC News]]|date=21 September 2015|access-date=23 September 2015}}</ref> The Arewa Consultative Forum released a statement condemning the bombings and commending the military offensive:{{blockquote|The ACF condemns in strong terms the continued use of suicide bombers by Boko Haram terrorists to kill innocent people in the name of a religious war, as no religion condones such cruel and barbaric act. The ACF wishes to commend the military and other security agencies for the continued onslaught on the terrorists' enclaves and hideouts, thereby dislodging them from their strong holds. The ACF urges the military not to be deterred by the cowardly act of the Boko Haram terrorists, as their renewed effort and determination will soon end the insurgency. The ACF also appeals to the military to intensify its synergy of sharing intelligence with the community.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.punchng.com/news/boko-haram-kills-27-in-fresh-monguno-bombing/ |title=Boko Haram kills 27 in fresh Monguno bombing |work=Punch |first1=Kayode|last1=Idowu|first2=Godwin|last2=Isenyo |date=23 September 2015 |access-date=23 September 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150927035213/http://www.punchng.com/news/boko-haram-kills-27-in-fresh-monguno-bombing/ |archive-date=27 September 2015}}</ref>}}

On 21 October in [[Nganzai]], Borno, according to a civilian vigilante, fleeing militants shot at four cars, killing the passengers, and burnt and looted the nearby village.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/20-shot-dead-suspected-islamists-ne-nigeria-witnesses-224347258.html|title=20 shot dead by suspected Islamists in NE Nigeria: locals|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|author=AFP|date=21 October 2015|access-date=22 October 2015}}</ref> On 23 October, a suicide bombing occurred in a pre dawn attack at a mosque in Maiduguri. The National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) put the death toll at 6 while hospital sources reported 19 deaths and a vigilante claimed to have counted 28 corpses and two suicide bombers.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/27-dead-96-wounded-yola-ne-nigeria-mosque-162312484.html|title=Mosque blasts kill 55 in NE Nigeria|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|author=AFP|date=23 October 2015 |access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref> On the following day, four female suicide bombers claimed one victim after they were intercepted by the JTF in Maiduguri, according to a NEMA spokesman.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-10-25/female-suicide-bombers-strike-northern-nigeria/6882754|title=One killed as suspected Boko Haram female suicide bombers strike in Nigeria|work=ABC|date=24 October 2015|access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref>

On 27 October, a military operation freed 192 children and 138 women being held captive in two camps in the [[Sambisa]] forest and 30 militants were killed, according to a social media statement from the Defense HQ.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.philasun.com/diaspora/nigerian-military-338-captives-rescued-from-boko-haram/|title=Nigerian military: 338 captives rescued from Boko Haram|work=Philadelphia Sun|agency=[[Associated Press]]|date=30 October 2015|access-date=2 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-34656907|title=Boko Haram: Nigerian army rescues 338 captives|work=[[BBC News]]|date=28 October 2015|access-date=2 November 2015}}</ref> None of the captives were those taken in Chibok in April 2014.<ref name=general>{{cite web|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/boko-haram-has-lost-territory-in-nigeria-u-s-general-says-1446136475|title=Boko Haram Has Lost Territory in Nigeria, U.S. General Says|work=[[The Wall Street Journal]]|author=Julian Barnes|date=29 October 2015|access-date=2 November 2015}}</ref>

On 25 December, gunmen set fire to the village of Kimba, killing at least 14, according to vigilantes.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/26/boko-haram-kills-at-least-14-in-christmas-day-attack-in-nigeria|title=Boko Haram kill at least 14 in Christmas Day attack in Nigeria|work=[[The Guardian]]|author=AFP|date=26 December 2015|access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref> On 27 December, gunmen armed with [[Rocket-propelled grenade|RPGs]] battled with troops for two hours in Aldawari village in the outskirts of Maiduguri, according to NEMA. On the following morning, a bombing at a nearby mosque killed around 20, according to NEMA.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/12/28/africa/nigeria-maiduguri-boko-haram/|title=Boko Haram attacks in Nigeria leave 52 dead|work=[[CNN]]|author=Aminu Abubakar and Briana Duggan|date=29 December 2015|access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/29/world/africa/attacks-kill-scores-in-nigeria.html?_r=0|title=Suspected Boko Haram Attacks Kill Scores in Nigeria|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=Ibrahim Sawab|date=28 December 2015|access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-idUSKBN0UA0MD20151227|title=Nigerian army repels Boko Haram attack near state capital: witnesses|work=[[Reuters]]|date=27 December 2015|access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref><ref name=Dec28>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-idUSKBN0UB0TF20151228|title=At least 48 killed in bombings in north Nigeria|work=[[Reuters]]|date=28 December 2015|access-date=29 December 2015}}</ref>

====Federal Capital Territory/Nasarawa====
Two bombings on 2 October that killed 18 and wounded 41, one in [[Nyanya]] in [[Nasarawa]] and the other in [[Kuje]], FCT were also claimed by Boko Haram.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/boko-haram-claims-abuja-bombings-083859812.html|title=Boko Haram claims Abuja bombings|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|date=5 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref>

====Adamawa====
On 1 October, villagers in Kirchinga, Adamawa complained of a lack of security personnel after 5 residents had their throats slit during an unchallenged early morning attack. The village borders Cameroon and the Sambisa forest.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/top-news/190893-october-1-tragedy-boko-haram-strikes-in-adamawa-slaughters-5.html|title=October 1 Tragedy: Boko Haram strikes in Adamawa, slaughters 5|work=Premium Times|date=1 October 2015|access-date=19 October 2015}}</ref> On 18 October the village of Dar, Adamawe was attacked. Maina Ularamu, a former Chairman of [[Madagali]] Local Government Area, stated: "A large number of gunmen invaded the village, forcing residents to flee to a nearby bush. Two female suicide bombers disguised as fleeing villagers detonated explosives in the bush where many people were hiding, killing 12 persons".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/191733-boko-haram-storms-adamawa-village-kills-12.html|title=Boko Haram storms Adamawa village, kills 12|work=Premium Times|author=Iro Dan Fulani|date=18 October 2015|access-date=19 October 2015}}</ref> On 20 October, there were reports of a military ambush in Madagali, assisted by vigilantes, in which over 30 militants were killed.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/30-members-of-boko-haram-killed-in-adamawa/223268/ |title=30 Members of Boko Haram Killed in Adamawa |work=This Day |author=Daji Sani |date=20 October 2015 |access-date=20 October 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151021135639/http://www.thisdaylive.com/articles/30-members-of-boko-haram-killed-in-adamawa/223268/ |archive-date=21 October 2015 |df=dmy }}</ref> On 21 October, according to vigilante reports a joint operation in Madagali and Gwoza killed 150 militants and rescued 36 captives.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/nigerian-troops-hunters-kill-150-boko-haram-extremists-155847574.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151022042022/http://news.yahoo.com/nigerian-troops-hunters-kill-150-boko-haram-extremists-155847574.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=22 October 2015|title=Nigerian troops, hunters kill 150 Boko Haram extremists|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|author=IBRAHIM ABDULAZIZ|date=21 October 2015|access-date=22 October 2015}}</ref> On 23 October, a suicide bomb at a crowded mosque killed 27 in Yola, Adamawa's capital.<ref name=Chicago>{{cite web|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/nationworld/ct-nigerian-mosque-bombings-20151023-story.html|title=Suicide bombers kill 42 in 2 northeast Nigerian mosques; Boko Haram blamed|work=[[Chicago Tribune]]|date=23 October 2014|access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref> On 17 November, an explosion at a food market in Yola killed 32,<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-blast-idUSKCN0T62NC20151117#2bg33EBRBeOExmdv.97|title=Blast at market in northeastern Nigeria's Yola kills 32|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Emmanuel Ande|date=17 November 2015|access-date=18 November 2015|archive-date=17 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117231443/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/17/us-nigeria-blast-idUSKCN0T62NC20151117#2bg33EBRBeOExmdv.97|url-status=live}}</ref> in the first Nigerian bombing since 23 October attacks in Maiduguri and Yola.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/suicide-bombing-in-nigeria-blamed-on-boko-haram-extremists/|title=Suicide bombing in Nigeria blamed on Boko Haram extremists|work=[[PBS NewsHour]]|date=18 November 2015|access-date=18 November 2015}}</ref> On the morning of 28 December, two female suicide bombers detonated their explosives at a crowded market in Madagali. According to a local resident, at least 28 were killed.<ref name=Dec28/>

====Yobe====
On 7 October in Damaturu, Yobe at least 15 people were killed by 3 suicide bombers.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/fifteen-killed-in-nigeria-suicide-bombing-boko-haram-suspected/2994915.html|title=15 Killed in Nigeria Suicide Bombing|work=VOA|date=7 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> In Goniri, Yobe, seven soldiers and over 100 militants were killed, and a large arms cache was found, according to an army spokesman, who said that the recent apparent rise in suicide bombings was an indication of the success of military operations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://saharareporters.com/2015/10/07/nigerian-troops-claim-they-killed-100-boko-haram-militants-yobe|title=Nigerian Troops Claim They Killed 100 Boko Haram Militants in Yobe|work=Sahara Reporters|author=COLONEL SANI KUKASHEKA USMAN|date=7 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/nigeria-repels-boko-haram-attack/2999547.html|title=Nigeria Army Repels Boko Haram Attack|work=VOA|date=8 October 2015|access-date=11 October 2015}}</ref>

====Kano====
Boko Haram claimed responsibility for a suicide attack on a procession of Shi'ite Muslims killing at least 21, on 30 November, near the village of Dakozoye. A week earlier two bombers had killed at least 14 in Kano city.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-idUSKBN0TH0IX20151128#IypjBDgvSMpqTACy.97|title=Boko Haram claims responsibility for Kano suicide bomb: SITE|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Sami Aboudi|date=28 November 2015|access-date=5 December 2015}}</ref>

====Cameroon====
{{main|January 2015 raid on Kolofata}}
On 12 January, Boko Haram attacked a Cameroon military base in [[Kolofata]], a [[Communes of Cameroon|commune]] in the Far North region. Government forces report killing 143 militants, while one Cameroon soldier was killed.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://news.yahoo.com/cameroon-army-kills-143-boko-haram-fighters-202345476.html |title=Cameroon repels Boko Haram attack, says 143 militants killed |date=12 January 2015 |work=[[Yahoo! News]]}}</ref> On 18 January, Boko Haram raided two Tourou Cameroon area villages, torching houses, killing some residents and kidnapping between 60 and 80 people including an estimated 50 young children between the ages of 10 and 15.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-30873243 |title=BBC News – Boko Haram 'in Cameroon kidnappings' |work=[[BBC News]]}}</ref>

On 11 October, in the far north region of Cameroon two female suicide bombers killed nine people in the town of Mora. On 18 October, 10 militants were killed when they attacked a Cameroon military anti-terrorist division convoy close to the border, after a military vehicle became stuck in mud. One army commander later died of his wounds.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2015-10-19/cameroon-says-army-kills-10-boko-haram-fighters-in-far-north|title=Cameroon Says Army Kills 10 Boko Haram Fighters in Far North|work=[[Bloomberg News|Bloomberg]]|author=Pius Lukong |date=19 October 2015|access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref> On 12 October, the first 90 of a proposed deployment of 300 US troops arrived in the region to assist with training, reconnaissance and airborne intelligence using [[Predator drones]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-nigeria-bokoharam-usa-idUKKCN0S825G20151014|title=Obama sends U.S. troops, drones to Cameroon in anti-Boko Haram fight|work=[[Reuters]]|author=WARREN STROBEL|date=14 October 2015|access-date=14 October 2015}}</ref> On 16 October, more than six security vehicles were transferred to the Cameroon military. An [[United States Africa Command|AFRICOM]] spokesman said that increased cooperation had led them "to study the viability of ISR flights from a temporary location in Cameroon". The deployment is "totally separate and distinct" from operations in Chad and Niger, where 250 and 85 personnel, respectively, are conducting missions including [[Intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance|ISR]] and training.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.defensenews.com/story/defense/land/vehicles/2015/10/20/us-sending-troops-vehicles-to-cameroon-to-combat-boko-haram/74265026/|title=US Sending Troops, Vehicles To Cameroon To Combat Boko Haram|work=Defense News|author=Jen Judson|date=20 October 2015|access-date=20 October 2015}}</ref>

On 23 October, Boko Haram fighters were driven out of Kerawa, a village of 50,000 in Kolofata. They had briefly occupied the village until the arrival of security forces. Reports of civilian casualties ranged from eight to eleven. An army spokesman claimed the militants suffered heavy casualties. The village's military base had previously been targeted by suicide bombers on 3 September, when 30 were killed.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cameroon-attacks-idUSKCN0SH15G20151023|title=Cameroon army drives Boko Haram militants back across northern border|work=[[Reuters]]|date=23 October 2015|access-date=24 October 2015|archive-date=24 October 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151024082148/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/10/23/us-cameroon-attacks-idUSKCN0SH15G20151023|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/world-news/boko-haram-jihadists-briefly-seize-town-on-cameroon-border-1235814|title=Boko Haram Jihadists Briefly Seize Town on Cameroon Border|work=NDTV|author=AFP|date=24 October 2015|access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelstv.com/2015/10/23/boko-haram-militants-kill-8-villagers-in-cameroun/|title=Boko Haram Militants Kill 8 Villagers in Cameroun|work=Channels|date=23 October 2015|access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/boko-haram-seizes-town-cameroon-nigeria-border-security-004919560.html|title=Boko Haram seizes town on Cameroon-Nigeria border: security sources|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|author=AFP|date=23 October 2015|access-date=24 October 2015}}</ref>

On 9 November, two female suicide bombers killed three Nigerians during a security check in a truck full of Nigerian refugees.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/cameroon-security-idUSL8N1343NZ20151109#Qg2sQL5gouWChIta.97|title=UPDATE 1-Suspected Boko Haram suicide bombers kill three Nigerian refugees in Cameroon|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Sylvain Andzongo|date=9 November 2015|access-date=22 November 2015|archive-date=22 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151122221942/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/09/cameroon-security-idUSL8N1343NZ20151109#Qg2sQL5gouWChIta.97|url-status=live}}</ref> On 21 November, a suicide attack in a suburb of [[Fotokol]] town killed four. An anonymous military official said: "The first kamikaze detonated his bomb in the house of the traditional chief of Leymarie. Five people died including the bomber. Several minutes later, three female bombers exploded their bombs close to the initial site but they didn't kill anyone else because they acted too quickly".<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-cameroon-idUSKCN0TA0JR20151121#X3LCBdxBtr1bKdV5.97|title=Female suicide bombers in Cameroon attack that kills eight|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Sylvain Andzongo|date=21 November 2015|access-date=22 November 2015|archive-date=21 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151121204638/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/21/us-nigeria-violence-cameroon-idUSKCN0TA0JR20151121#X3LCBdxBtr1bKdV5.97|url-status=live}}</ref>

On 28 November, two suicide bombers killed six near the military base in Dabanga, and in an attack in Gouzoudou five people were killed, according to a military spokesman.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/11/29/africa/cameroon-boko-haram-attacks/|title=11 killed in two Boko Haram attacks in Cameroon|work=[[CNN]]|author=Ngala Kilian Chimtom|date=29 November 2015|access-date=5 December 2015}}</ref> On 1 December, two suicide bombers killed three, and a third bomber was killed before detonating explosives. On 2 December, Cameroon's Defense Minister claimed that, at the end of November, 100 Boko Haram members had been killed and 900 hostages freed, and that a large stockpile of arms and munitions, and black-and-white ISIL flags had been seized.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-34986146|title=Boko Haram crisis: Cameroon troops 'free 900 hostages'|work=[[BBC News]]|date=2 December 2015|access-date=4 December 2015}}</ref> Information Minister Issa Tchiroma Bakari said that "[t]he people that were freed are just villagers. The [Chibok] schoolgirls who are missing are not amongst the group".<ref>{{cite web |title=Cameroon says no missing girls among freed Boko Haram hostages |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-cameroon-attacks-idUSKBN0TQ2AF20151207#6rU1ZAhTmCPMurvv.97 |website=[[Reuters]]|language=en |date=7 December 2015}}</ref>

====Chad - October and November====
{{main|Baga Sola bombings}}
On 6 October, the Chadian Army reported an attack in the border region of Lake Chad. 11 soldiers were killed and 14 wounded in the pre-dawn cross-border infiltration, and 17 militants were also killed, according to an army spokesman.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/pti-stories/11-chadian-soldiers-killed-in-boko-haram-attack-army-115100601415_1.html|title=11 Chadian soldiers killed in Boko Haram attack: army|work=Business Standard|author=AFP|date=6 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref> On 10 October, 5 suicide bombers killed 33 people in the market in Baga Sola, a camp for Nigerian refugees.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-chad-idUSKCN0S40OJ20151010|title=Suspected Boko Haram suicide bombers kill 33 in Chad|work=[[Reuters]]|date=10 October 2015|access-date=11 October 2015|archive-date=29 January 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129143303/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-chad/suspected-boko-haram-suicide-bombers-kill-33-in-chad-idUSKCN0S40OJ20151010|url-status=live}}</ref> On 1 November, two dawn attacks on army posts occurred. Eleven militants and two soldiers were killed at Kaika, and in an attempted suicide bombing at Bougouma, "Two members of Boko Haram were neutralised and a third blew himself up, wounding 11 civilians", according to a government statement.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/boko-haram-suicide-attack-chad-kills-11-civilians-000730470.html|title=Lake Chad clashes leave 14 Boko Haram members dead: government|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|author=AFP|date=1 November 2015|access-date=2 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-chad-idUSKCN0SQ1TA20151101|title=Two soldiers, 11 suspected Boko Haram fighters killed in Chad attacks|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Madjiasra Nako|date=1 November 2015|access-date=2 November 2015|archive-date=8 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151108014623/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/01/us-nigeria-violence-chad-idUSKCN0SQ1TA20151101|url-status=live}}</ref> A state of emergency was imposed in the western Lake Chad region on 9 November, initially for 12 days, but extended by Chad's national assembly on 18 November to four months.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-chad-idUSKCN0T807J20151119#1FBz0EZYghVhA53J.97|title=Chad extends state of emergency over Boko Haram attacks|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Madjiasra Nako|date=18 November 2015|access-date=5 December 2015}}</ref>

====December Chad bombings====
{{main|December 2015 Chad suicide bombings}}
On 5 December, three female suicide bombers killed about 30 at a crowded market on the island of Koulfoua in Lake Chad.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-chad-idUSKBN0TO0FM20151205#76dV51DeJ7EZVrqi.97 |title=Triple suicide blast kills around 30 people in Lake Chad|work=[[Reuters]]|author=M. Nako |date=5 December 2015 |access-date=5 December 2015}}</ref>

====Niger====
{{main|2015 Niger raid}}
On 6 February, Boko Haram assaulted [[Bosso, Niger|Bosso]] and [[Diffa]]. On 25 September, at least 15 civilians were massacred and stores were looted in a cross-border raid on a Niger village, according to anonymous military sources.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-niger-idUSKCN0RP1BB20150925|title=Boko Haram fighters kill at least 15 in Niger village raid: sources|work=[[Reuters]]|date=25 September 2015|access-date=11 October 2015|archive-date=29 September 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150929002805/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/09/25/us-nigeria-violence-niger-idUSKCN0RP1BB20150925|url-status=live}}</ref> On 2 October two soldiers died and four were wounded in a Boko Haram attack on a village near the Nigerian border in Niger's [[Diffa Region|Diffa]] province. The militants also looted stores, according to Niger army officers. On 4 October, according to an aid worker, a policeman and five civilians were killed by 4 suicide bombers near the Nigerian border. On 6 October, three suspected Boko Haram militants accidentally blew themselves up while transporting explosives to [[Bosso, Niger|Bosso]] town in Diffa. On 21 October, near Diffa town, two soldiers were killed by explosives while intercepting an attack. Diffa region hosts over 150,000 Nigerian refugees. It is under a state of emergency. On 14 October a curfew and movement restrictions were imposed.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-nigeria-bokoharam-idUKKCN0SF22920151021|title=Suspected Boko Haram suicide attack kills two Niger soldiers|work=[[Reuters]]|date=21 October 2015|access-date=21 October 2015}}</ref> At least 57 attacks occurred there from February to October. More than 1,100 Boko Haram suspects were arrested in Niger during 2015.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-niger-violence-idUKKCN0RW1NF20151002|title=Boko Haram fighters kill two Niger soldiers, wound four in ambush|work=[[Reuters]]|date=2 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.thecable.ng/3-suicide-bombers-killed-botched-attack-niger|title=3 suicide bombers killed before attack in Niger|work=The Cable|date=6 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2015/10/dead-twin-suicide-bombings-niger-diffa-151005021713356.html|title=Several dead in twin suicide bombings in Niger's Diffa|work=[[Al Jazeera English|Al Jazeera]]|date=5 October 2015|access-date=8 October 2015}}</ref>

On 11 November, two Niger military officials described an attack on a village in Bosso district in which five civilians and 20 militants were killed. A senior government official later denied that the attack had occurred, according to Reuters.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-niger-idUSKCN0T10PK20151112#iARYBRH5XOVYPjFJ.97|title=Around 25 dead in Boko Haram raid in Niger, clashes with army|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Abdoulaye Massalaki|date=12 November 2015|access-date=18 November 2015|archive-date=18 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151118030624/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/12/us-nigeria-violence-niger-idUSKCN0T10PK20151112#iARYBRH5XOVYPjFJ.97|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/boko-haram-village-raid-clashes-niger-army-leave-25-dead-n462051|title=Boko Haram Village Raid, Clashes With Niger Army Leave 25 Dead|work=[[NBC News]]|agency=[[Reuters]]|date=12 November 2015|access-date=18 November 2015}}</ref> On 26 November, Boko Haram launched a cross-border night raid on Wogom village in Diffa province. A government spokesman, Justice Minister Marou Amadou stated: "Eighteen villagers were killed, including the chief imam for the village whose throat was slit by his own nephew".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.yahoo.com/18-killed-boko-haram-attack-southeast-niger-134025219.html|title=Boko Haram attack kills 18 in southeast Niger|work=[[Yahoo! News]]|author=AFP|date=26 November 2015|access-date=27 November 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nigeria-violence-niger-idUSKBN0TF1I520151126#u8jCeEhtwJkkRCtb.97|title=Niger says Boko Haram gunmen kill 18 in village bordering Nigeria|work=[[Reuters]]|author=Abdoulaye Massalaki|date=26 November 2015|access-date=27 November 2015|archive-date=27 November 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151127043136/http://www.reuters.com/article/2015/11/26/us-nigeria-violence-niger-idUSKBN0TF1I520151126#u8jCeEhtwJkkRCtb.97|url-status=live}}</ref>
On 13 March 2018, the [[United Nations]] Special Rapporteur on the human rights of [[internally displaced person]]s (IDP), Cecilia Jimenez-Damary said "Since the first attacks in Niger by Boko Haram in 2015, the [[Diffa Region|Diffa]] region, in the south-eastern part of the country, has been confronted with a continuing security crisis which has uprooted more than 129,000 internally from their homes, in addition to the arrival of 108,000 refugees from Nigeria, and has triggered a humanitarian crisis.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=22810&LangID=E|title=OHCHR – Niger: UN expert on internally displaced persons to conduct first official visit|website=www.ohchr.org}}</ref> He said that IDPs in Niger are posing huge challenges to the country and "require a strong and comprehensive response". He also said situation in the regions bordering [[Mali]] has led to the displacement of some 1,540 persons.
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