Total depravity

==Roman Catholic and Orthodox perspectives==
The [[Roman Catholic Church]] maintains that a person cannot, "be justified before God by his own works,&nbsp;... without the grace of God through Jesus Christ",<ref>{{Cite web |title=CT06 – Council of Trent |url=https://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct06.html |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=history.hanover.edu |at=Session 6, canon 1}}</ref> thereby rejecting [[Pelagianism]] in accordance with the writings of Augustine and the [[Second Council of Orange]] (529).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Canons of the Council of Orange |url=https://reformed.org/documents/canons_of_orange.html |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=reformed.org}}</ref> However, even strictly Augustinian Catholics disagree with the [[Protestantism|Protestant]] doctrine of total depravity.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catechism of the Catholic Church – IntraText |url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P1C.HTM |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=www.vatican.va |at=Item 407 in section 1.2.1.7.}}</ref> Referring to Scripture and the Church Fathers,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catechism of the Catholic Church – IntraText |url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P5M.HTM |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=www.vatican.va |at=Item 1730}}</ref> Catholicism views human free will as deriving from God's image because humans are created in God's image.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Catechism of the Catholic Church – IntraText |url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ENG0015/__P5G.HTM |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=www.vatican.va |at=Items 1701–1709}}</ref> Accordingly, the [[Council of Trent]], at its sixth session (January 1547), condemned as heresy any doctrine asserting "since Adam's sin, the free will of man is lost and extinguished".<ref>{{Cite web |title=CT06 – Council of Trent |url=https://history.hanover.edu/texts/trent/ct06.html |access-date=2023-05-20 |website=history.hanover.edu |at=Session 6, canon 5}}</ref> Anyhow the concept of radical depravity is sortway stressed in some Catholic theological currents like [[Jansenism]] and [[Molinism]].
The [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] embraces the "semi-Augustinian" position of [[John Cassian]] and also defends [[Augustine of Hippo]] relating to this doctrine. [[Seraphim Rose]], for example, contends that Augustine never denied the free will of every human,<ref>{{citation |title=The Place of Blessed Augustine in the Orthodox Church | first =Fr. Seraphim | last = Rose |publisher= St. Herman of Alaska Brotherhood |year= 1982 |isbn=0-938635-12-3}}</ref> thus he never taught total depravity. Archbishop [[Chrysostomos II of Cyprus|Chrysostomos]] has likewise asserted that Augustine's teaching might have been used and distorted in [[Western Christianity]] to produce innovative theologizing, and it is not Augustine's fault.<ref>{{citation |title=Blessed Augustine of Hippo: His Place in the Orthodox Church – A Corrective Compilation |url=http://orthodoxinfo.com/inquirers/bless_aug.aspx |publisher=Orthodox Christian Information Center}}</ref>