Baltimore

===17th century===
In the early 1600s, the immediate Baltimore vicinity was sparsely populated, if at all, by Native Americans. The Baltimore County area northward was used as hunting grounds by the [[Susquehannock]] living in the lower [[Susquehanna River]] valley. This [[Iroquoian languages|Iroquoian-speaking people]] "controlled all of the upper tributaries of the Chesapeake" but "refrained from much contact with [[Powhatan]] in the [[Potomac River|Potomac region]]" and south into Virginia.<ref>{{cite web
 |url= http://www.hsobc.org/on-the-susquehannocks-natives-having-previously-used-what-is-now-baltimore-county-as-hunting-grounds/
 |title= The Susquehannocks' Prosperity & Early European Contact
 |author=Adam Youssi
 |date=2006
 |publisher=Historical Society of Baltimore County
 |access-date=April 28, 2015}}</ref>
Pressured by the Susquehannock, the [[Piscataway tribe]], an [[Algonquian languages|Algonquian-speaking people]], stayed well south of the Baltimore area and inhabited primarily the north bank of the [[Potomac River]] in what are now [[Charles County, Maryland|Charles]] and southern [[Prince George's County, Maryland|Prince George's]] counties in the coastal areas south of the [[Atlantic Seaboard fall line|Fall Line]].<ref>{{cite journal
 |url= https://www.academia.edu/2484589
 |format=PDF
 |title=A Place Now Known Unto Them: The Search for Zekiah Fort
 |journal=Site Report
 |page=11
 |author=Alex J. Flick
 |date=2012
 |access-date=April 28, 2015|display-authors=etal}}</ref><ref>{{cite book
 |title=Native America: A State-by-State Historical Encyclopedia
 |last=Murphree |first=Daniel Scott
 |year=2012
 |publisher=[[ABC-CLIO]]
 |location=Santa Barbara, California
 |isbn=978-0-313-38126-3
 |pages=489, 494
 |access-date=April 28, 2015
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QWxg0Il8M74C&q=Maryland+Piscataway+%22war+regalia%22&pg=PA494}}</ref><ref>As depicted on a map of the Piscataway lands in Kenneth Bryson, ''Images of America: Accokeek'' (Arcadia Publishing, 2013) pp. 10–11, derived from Alice and Henry Ferguson, ''The Piscataway Indians of Southern Maryland '' (Alice Ferguson Foundation, 1960) pp. 8 (map) and 11: "By the beginning of Maryland settlement, pressure from the [[Susquehannocks]] had reduced...the Piscataway 'empire'...to a belt bordering the Potomac south of the falls and extending up the principal tributaries. Roughly, the 'empire' covered the southern half of present Prince Georges County and all, or nearly all, of Charles County."</ref>

[[European colonization of the Americas|European colonization]] of Maryland began in earnest with the arrival of the merchant ship ''[[The Ark (ship)|The Ark]]'' carrying 140 colonists at St. Clement's Island in the [[Potomac River]] on March 25, 1634.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dnr.maryland.gov/publiclands/Pages/southern/stclements.aspx |title=St. Clements Island State Park |publisher=Maryland Department of Natural Resources |access-date=November 19, 2018 }}</ref> Europeans then began to settle the area further north, in what is now [[Baltimore County]].<ref name=BrooksRockel1979p1>Brooks & Rockel (1979), pp. 1–3.</ref> Since Maryland was a colony, Baltimore's streets were named to show loyalty to the mother country, e.g. King, Queen, King George and Caroline streets.<ref name="auto"/> The original [[county seat]], known today as Old Baltimore, was located on [[Bush River (Maryland)|Bush River]] within the present-day [[Aberdeen Proving Ground]].<ref>{{cite book | url = http://msa.maryland.gov/megafile/msa/speccol/sc2900/sc2908/000001/000075/html/am75--61.html | title = Laws of Maryland at Large, with Proper Indexes | first = Thomas | last = Bacon | author-link = Thomas Bacon (priest) | location = Annapolis | publisher = Jonas Green | year = 1765 | volume = 75 | page = 61}}</ref><ref>Brooks & Rockel (1979), pp. 17–18.</ref><ref name=RememberingOldBaltimore>{{cite news | author= Charlotte and "Doc" Cronin | url = http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/maryland/harford/aberdeen-havre-de-grace/ph-ag-doc-cronin-column-0919-20140919-story.html | title = Remembering Old Baltimore when it was near Aberdeen | work = [[The Baltimore Sun]] | date = September 19, 2014}}</ref> The colonists engaged in sporadic warfare with the Susquehannock, whose numbers dwindled primarily from new infectious diseases, such as [[smallpox]], endemic among the Europeans.<ref name=BrooksRockel1979p1 /> In 1661 David Jones claimed the area known today as [[Jonestown, Baltimore|Jonestown]] on the east bank of the [[Jones Falls]] stream.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.carrollmuseums.org/history/jonestownhistory.html|title=Carroll Museums: Making History Yours|work=carrollmuseums.org|access-date=August 4, 2015|archive-date=July 8, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150708084304/http://www.carrollmuseums.org/history/jonestownhistory.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
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