New York City

=== Rapid transit ===
[[File:Port-authority-terminal.jpg|thumb|[[Port Authority Bus Terminal]], the world's busiest bus station, at [[Eighth Avenue (Manhattan)|Eighth Avenue]] and [[42nd Street (Manhattan)|42nd Street]]<ref name=Record2021/><ref name=PABT2008/>]]

Mass transit in New York City, most of which runs 24 hours a day, accounts for one in every three users of mass transit in the United States, and two-thirds of the nation's rail riders live in the New York City metropolitan area.<ref name="MTAinfo">{{cite web |title = The MTA Network: Public Transportation for the New York Region |url = http://web.mta.info/mta/network.htm |access-date = August 30, 2012 |publisher = [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]] }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last = Pisarski |first = Alan |date = October 16, 2006 |title = Commuting in America III: Commuting Facts |url = http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/nchrp/CIAIIIfacts.pdf |access-date = August 30, 2012 |publisher = [[Transportation Research Board]] }}</ref>

==== Buses ====
New York City's public [[MTA Regional Bus Operations|bus fleet]] runs [[24/7 service|24/7]] and is the largest in North America.<ref>{{cite web |title = Top 100 Transit Bus Fleets |url = http://www.metro-magazine.com/resources/septoct_top100.pdf |access-date = April 20, 2015 |work = [[Metro Magazine]] |page = 4 |archive-date = October 11, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20171011010537/http://www.metro-magazine.com/resources/septoct_top100.pdf |url-status = dead }}</ref> The New York City bus system serves the most passengers of any city in the nation: In 2022, [[New York City Transit Authority|MTA New York City Transit]]'s buses served 483.5 million trips, while [[MTA Regional Bus Operations]] handled 100.3 million trips.<ref>[https://www.apta.com/wp-content/uploads/2022-Q4-Ridership-APTA.pdf#page=8 ''Public Transportation Ridership Report: Fourth Quarter 2022''], [[American Public Transportation Association]], March 1, 2023. Accessed February 13, 2024.</ref>

The [[Port Authority Bus Terminal]] is the city's main [[intercity bus]] terminal and the world's busiest bus station, serving 250,000 passengers on 7,000 buses each workday in a building opened in 1950 that was designed to accommodate 60,000 daily passengers. A 2021 plan announced by the Port Authority would spend $10 billion to expand capacity and modernize the facility.<ref name=PABT2008>[https://www.panynj.gov/port-authority/en/press-room/press-release-archives/2008_press_releases/architect_chosenforplannedofficetoweraboveportauthoritybustermin.html Architect Chosen for Planned Office Tower Above Port Authority Bus Terminal's North Wing], [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]], dated November 17, 2008. Accessed January 4, 2024. "The Port Authority Bus Terminal opened in 1950 and has become the busiest bus passenger facility in the world, handling 7,000 buses and 200,000 commuters each day. It includes 223 bus gates, retail and commercial space, and public parking for 1,250 vehicles."</ref><ref name=NYT2021>McGeehan, Patrick; and Hu, Winnie. [https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/21/nyregion/port-authority-bus-terminal.html "'Notorious' Port Authority Bus Terminal May Get a $10 Billion Overhaul"], ''[[The New York Times]]'', January 21, 2021, updated September 23, 2021. Accessed January 4, 2024. "The bus terminal plan, which has been in the works for more than seven contentious years, would cost as much as $10 billion and could take a decade to complete.... More than 250,000 people passed through it on a typical weekday before the pandemic, according to the Port Authority.... The bus terminal, a brick hulk perched at the mouth of the Lincoln Tunnel, has long exceeded its capacity — when it opened in late 1950, it was expected to handle 60,000 passengers a day."</ref><ref name=Record2021>Wilson, Colleen. [https://www.northjersey.com/in-depth/news/transportation/2021/06/30/port-authority-bus-terminal-replacement-meet-commuter-needs/7685645002/ "Port Authority Bus Terminal was once a marvel. Will the next one meet commuters' needs?"], ''[[The Record (North Jersey)|The Record]]'', June 30, 2021. Accessed January 4, 2024. "Becoming the busiest bus terminal in the world doesn't happen without also bearing the brunt of blame every time a commute goes horribly wrong — deserved or otherwise.... The popularity of bus commuting over the Hudson River has steadily risen over the last seven decades, with some 260,000 people a day coming through the terminal pre-pandemic.... A more efficient terminal should improve some of the delays through the Lincoln Tunnel and exclusive bus lane (XBL), the dedicated lane in the morning that converges all buses into a single lane from I-495 into the Lincoln Tunnel from New Jersey."</ref> In 2024, the Port Authority announced plans for a new terminal that would feature a glass atrium at a new main entrance on 41st Street.<ref>Hill, John. [https://www.world-architects.com/en/architecture-news/headlines/renderings-of-new-midtown-bus-terminal-revealed "Renderings of New Midtown Bus Terminal Revealed"], World Architects, February 5, 2024. Accessed February 13, 2024. "Not surprisingly, the two renderings included in last week's announcement show the main terminal and are accompanied by photos of the existing to depict a dramatic departure from the current situation. Compare the existing intersection of 8th Avenue and 41st Street (below) with a rendering of the same (above), in which a portion of 41st Street would be closed to create an 'iconic' atrium entrance."</ref><ref>McGeehan, Patrick. [https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/01/nyregion/port-authority-bus-terminal-replacement.html "A Look at the $10 Billion Design for a New Port Authority Bus Terminal The Port Authority unveiled a revised design for a replacement of the much-reviled transit hub, which opened in 1950."], ''[[The New York Times]]'', February 1, 2024. Accessed February 9, 2024. "Instead of the dismal, brick hulk that has darkened two full blocks of Midtown Manhattan for more than 70 years, there would be a bright, modern transit hub topped by two office towers.... Construction is expected to take eight years, he said, meaning the project could be completed by 2032."</ref>

==== Rail ====
{{Main|New York City Subway}}
[[File:Image-Grand_central_Station_Outside_Night_2.jpg|alt=A row of yellow taxis in front of a multi-story ornate stone building with three huge arched windows.|thumb|New York City is home to the two busiest [[train station]]s in the U.S., [[Grand Central Terminal]] (pictured) and [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|Penn Station]].]]
[[File:R160_E_enters_42nd_Street.jpg|alt=The front end of a subway train, with a red E on a LED display on the top. To the right of the train is a platform with a group of people waiting for their train.|thumb|The [[New York City Subway]], the world's largest [[rapid transit]] system by number of [[Train station|stations]]]]
The [[New York City Subway]] system is the largest [[rapid transit]] system in the world when measured by stations in operation, with {{NYCS const|number|total}}, and by length of routes. Nearly all of New York's subway system is open 24 hours a day, in contrast to the overnight shutdown common to systems in most cities.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Hu|first1=Winnie|last2=Schweber|first2=Nate|last3=Piccoli|first3=Sean|date=2021-05-17|title=New York City Subway Returns to 24-Hour Service|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/17/nyregion/nyc-subway-full-service-24-hours.html|access-date=2023-07-23|issn=0362-4331}}</ref> The New York City Subway is [[Metro systems by annual passenger rides|the busiest metropolitan rail transit system in the Western Hemisphere]],<ref name="Railway Technology 2014 m729">{{cite web | title=The world's top 10 busiest metros | website=Railway Technology | date=November 12, 2014 | url=https://www.railway-technology.com/features/featurethe-worlds-top-10-busiest-metros-4433827/ | access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> with 1.70&nbsp;billion passenger rides in 2019,<ref name="MTA p768">{{cite web | title=Subway and bus ridership for 2021 | website=MTA | url=https://new.mta.info/agency/new-york-city-transit/subway-bus-ridership-2021 | access-date=July 23, 2023}}</ref> while [[Grand Central Terminal]] is the world's largest [[Train station|railway station]] by number of [[train platform]]s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/largest-railway-station-(no-of-platforms)|title=Largest railway station (no. of platforms)|website=Guinness World Records|access-date=December 11, 2018}}</ref>

Public transport is widely used in New York City. 54.6% of New Yorkers commuted to work in 2005 using [[Public transport|mass transit]].<ref>{{cite news |last = Christie |first = Les |date = June 29, 2007 |title = New Yorkers are Top Transit Users |publisher = [[CNNMoney.com]] |url = https://money.cnn.com/2007/06/13/real_estate/public_transit_commutes/index.htm |access-date = January 2, 2008 }}</ref> This is in contrast to the rest of the United States, where 91% of commuters travel in automobiles to their workplace.<ref name="2001summary">{{cite web |year = 2001 |title = NHTS 2001 Highlights Report, BTS03-05 |url = http://www.bts.gov/publications/highlights_of_the_2001_national_household_travel_survey/pdf/entire.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20050514220419/http://www.bts.gov/publications/highlights_of_the_2001_national_household_travel_survey/pdf/entire.pdf |archive-date = May 14, 2005 |access-date = September 1, 2008 |publisher = [[Bureau of Transportation Statistics]] }}</ref> According to the [[New York City Comptroller]], workers in the New York City area spend an average of 6{{nbsp}}hours and 18 minutes getting to work each week, the longest commute time in the nation among large cities.<ref>{{cite report |url = http://comptroller.nyc.gov/wp-content/uploads/documents/Longest_Work_Weeks_March_2015.pdf |title = The Hardest Working Cities |date = March 2015 |publisher = [[New York City Comptroller|Office of the New York City Comptroller]] }}</ref> New York is the only U.S. city in which a majority (52%) of households do not have a car; only 22% of Manhattanites own a car.<ref>{{cite web |last1 = Weinberger |first1 = Rachel |last2 = Kaehny |first2 = John |last3 = Rufo |first3 = Matthew |year = 2010 |title = U.S. Parking Policies: An Overview of Management Strategies |url = http://www.infrastructureusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/03/itdp_parking_fullreport.pdf |access-date = June 11, 2011 |publisher = [[Institute for Transportation and Development Policy]] |page = 62 |quote = New York City is the largest, densest and most transit- and pedestrian-oriented city in the United States. It is the only U.S. city in which a majority of households do not have a car. Despite this, New York City is very much an American city in the way it under prices and under uses curbside parking meters. Meter rates are far lower than in other leading world cities, and New York suffers from high levels of cruising and double parking (p. 62)&nbsp;... Nationally 90% of households own automobiles. New Yorkers own fewer at 48% with only 22% of Manhattan residents owning automobiles (p. 78) }}</ref> Due to their [[List of U.S. cities with high transit ridership|high usage of mass transit]], New Yorkers spend less of their household income on transportation than the national average, saving $19&nbsp;billion annually on transportation compared to other urban Americans.<ref>{{cite web |date = April 21, 2010 |title = New York City's Green Dividend |url = http://www.streetsblog.org/2010/04/21/sustainable-transport-saves-new-yorkers-19-billion-per-year/ |access-date = January 26, 2012 |publisher = CEOs for Cities |archive-date = November 1, 2016 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161101135006/http://www.streetsblog.org/2010/04/21/sustainable-transport-saves-new-yorkers-19-billion-per-year/ |url-status = dead }}</ref>

New York City's [[commuter rail]] network is the largest in North America.<ref name="MTAinfo" /> The rail network, connecting New York City to its suburbs, consists of the [[Long Island Rail Road]], [[Metro-North Railroad]], and [[New Jersey Transit rail operations|New Jersey Transit]]. The combined systems converge at Grand Central Terminal and [[New York Penn Station]] and contain more than 250 stations and 20 rail lines.<ref name="MTAinfo" /> The elevated [[AirTrain JFK]] in Queens connects [[JFK International Airport]] to the New York City Subway and the Long Island Rail Road.<ref>[https://www.jfkairport.com/to-from-airport/public-transportation Public Transportation], [[John F. Kennedy International Airport]]. Accessed January 15, 2024.</ref> For [[inter-city rail]], New York City is served by [[Amtrak]], whose busiest station by a significant margin is Penn Station on the [[West Side (Manhattan)|West Side]] of Manhattan, from which Amtrak provides connections to Boston, Philadelphia, and Washington, D.C. along the [[Northeast Corridor]], and long-distance train service to other North American cities.<ref>{{cite web |title = National Fact Sheet Fiscal Year 2013 |url = http://www.amtrak.com/ccurl/826/406/Amtrak-National-Fact-Sheet-FY2013-rev.pdf |url-status = dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150410143624/http://www.amtrak.com/ccurl/826/406/Amtrak-National-Fact-Sheet-FY2013-rev.pdf |archive-date = April 10, 2015 |access-date = April 20, 2015 |publisher = [[Amtrak]] }}</ref>

The [[Staten Island Railway]] rapid transit system solely serves Staten Island, operating 24 hours a day, with access to Manhattan from the [[St. George Terminal]] via the [[Staten Island Ferry]].<ref>[https://new.mta.info/document/14061 Staten Island Railway Timetable], [[Metropolitan Transportation Authority]], effective January 2020. Accessed January 15, 2024. "MTA Staten Island Railway – service runs 24 hours a day between the St George and Tottenville terminals. At the St George terminal, customers can make connections with Staten Island Ferry service to Manhattan."</ref> The [[PATH (rail system)|PATH]] train links Midtown and Lower Manhattan with [[Hoboken Terminal]], and [[Newark Penn Station]] in New Jersey with the [[World Trade Center station (PATH)|World Trade Center Oculus]] across the Hudson River.<ref>[https://www.panynj.gov/path/en/schedules-maps.html PATH Schedules and Maps], [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]]. Accessed January 15, 2024.</ref> Like the New York City Subway, the PATH operates 24 hours a day, meaning three of the five rapid transit systems in the United States which operate on 24-hour schedules are wholly or partly in New York.<ref>Cohn, Emily. [https://www.businessinsider.com/nyc-subway-runs-all-night-and-thats-why-its-great-2017-8 "Say what you want about the NYC subway — there's one thing that makes it much better than most other subways in the world"], ''[[Business Insider]]'', August 28, 2017. Accessed January 15, 2024. "Only five rapid transit systems in the country have 24-hour service, and three of them — the subway, the Staten Island Railway, and the PATH — all service New York City. Chicago's 'L' is only 24/7 on some of its lines."</ref>

Multibillion-dollar [[heavy rail]] transit projects under construction in New York City include the [[Second Avenue Subway]].<ref>{{cite news |last = Dobnik |first = Verena |date = February 7, 2013 |title = NYC Transit Projects: East Side Access, Second Avenue Subway, And 7 Train Extension (PHOTOS) |work = [[HuffPost]] |url = https://huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/07/nyc-subway-underground-rail-second-avenue-subway_n_2637601.html |url-status = dead |access-date = August 15, 2014 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130208120505/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/02/07/nyc-subway-underground-rail-second-avenue-subway_n_2637601.html |archive-date = February 8, 2013 }}</ref>