Martin Luther King Jr.

=== Criticism within the movement ===
King was criticized by other black leaders in the civil rights movement. This included more militant thinkers such as [[Nation of Islam (religious movement)|Nation of Islam]] member [[Malcolm X]].<ref>{{cite book|page= 105| publisher=Rowman & Littlefield|year=2007|isbn=978-0-7425-2928-1|last=Bobbitt|first=David|title=The Rhetoric of Redemption: Kenneth Burke's Redemption Drama and Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I Have a Dream" Speech}}</ref> [[Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee]] founder [[Ella Baker]] regarded King as a charismatic [[Charismatic authority|media figure]] who lost touch with the grassroots of the movement<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F7ljj_iyQcwC&pg=PA298|title=I May Not Get There with You: The True Martin Luther King, Jr|last1=Dyson|first1=Michael Eric|last2=Jagerman|first2=David L.|date=2000|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=978-0-684-86776-2|pages=297–299|language=en|access-date=January 30, 2020|archive-date=January 23, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123123946/https://books.google.com/books?id=F7ljj_iyQcwC&pg=PA298#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref> as he became close to elite figures like [[Nelson Rockefeller]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theroot.com/a-close-alliance-between-mlk-and-nelson-rockefeller-rev-1790858451|title=A Close Alliance Between MLK and Nelson Rockefeller Revealed|last=Burke|first=Kevin M.|website=The Root|date=January 11, 2015|language=en-us|access-date=January 30, 2020|archive-date=January 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130173509/https://www.theroot.com/a-close-alliance-between-mlk-and-nelson-rockefeller-rev-1790858451|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Stokely Carmichael]], a protege of Baker's, became a black [[Black separatism|separatist]] and disagreed with King's plea for [[racial integration]] because he considered it an insult to a uniquely [[African-American culture]].<ref>{{cite book|title= Martin Luther King, Jr. |url= https://archive.org/details/martinlutherking00ling |url-access= registration | last=Ling| first= Peter J. | pages=[https://archive.org/details/martinlutherking00ling/page/250 250–51]|publisher=Routledge|year=2002|isbn=0-415-21664-8}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url= http://www.apspuhuru.org/publications/repnow/ReparationsNow-OCR.txt| title= Abbreviated Report from the International Tribunal on Reparations for Black People in the U.S.|publisher=African People's Socialist Party| access-date=June 15, 2008|last=Yeshitela|first=Omali |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517082245/http://www.apspuhuru.org/publications/repnow/ReparationsNow-OCR.txt | archive-date=May 17, 2008}}</ref> He also took issue that King's non-violence approach depended on appealing to America's conscience, feeling America had none to appeal to.<ref name="blackpower">{{cite web |last1=Bates |first1=Karen |title=Stokely Carmichael, A Philosopher Behind The Black Power Movement |url=https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/03/10/287320160/stokely-carmichael-a-philosopher-behind-the-black-power-movement |website=NPR |access-date=March 10, 2014 |archive-date=June 5, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150605070410/http://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2014/03/10/287320160/stokely-carmichael-a-philosopher-behind-the-black-power-movement |url-status=live }}</ref>