South Korea

=== Robotics ===
{{Main|South Korean robotics}}
[[File:Einstein-Hubo.jpg|upright|thumb|right|Albert HUBO, developed by [[KAIST]], can make expressive gestures with its five separate fingers.]]

[[Robotics]] has been included in the list of main national research and development projects since 2003.<ref>[http://www.mke.go.kr/language/eng/news/news_view.jsp?seq=7&srchType=1&srchWord=&tableNm=E_01_02&pageNo=1 Special Report: [Business Opportunities&#93; R&D] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120512174637/http://www.mke.go.kr/language/eng/news/news_view.jsp?seq=7&srchType=1&srchWord=&tableNm=E_01_02&pageNo=1 |date=12 May 2012 }}. [[Ministry of Knowledge Economy]], 3 September 2007. Retrieved 15 July 2009.</ref> In 2009, the government announced plans to build robot-themed parks in Incheon and Masan with a mix of public and private funding.<ref>[http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2900986 "Robot parks, a world first"]. ''[[JoongAng Daily]]'', 13 February 2009. Retrieved 15 July 2009.</ref> In 2005, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ([[KAIST]]) developed the world's second walking [[humanoid robot]], [[HUBO]]. A team in the Korea Institute of Industrial Technology developed the first Korean [[android (robot)|android]], [[EveR-1]] in May 2006.<ref>[http://www.livescience.com/technology/060508_android.html Android Has Human-Like Skin and Expressions], Live Science, 8 May 2006. Retrieved 15 July 2009.</ref>
EveR-1 has been succeeded by more complex models with improved movement and vision.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/05/android-korea-1.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060603150935/http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2006/05/android-korea-1.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=3 June 2006 |title=Female Android Debuts in S. Korea, National Geographic, 15 May 2006 |magazine=National Geographic |date=28 October 2010 |access-date=10 August 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=101&oid=001&aid=0002618693 |title=EveR-3, Yonhap News, 20 April 2009 |language= ko |publisher=[[Naver News]] |date=20 April 2009 |access-date=10 August 2013}}</ref>

Plans of creating English-teaching robot assistants to compensate for the shortage of teachers were announced in February 2010, with the robots being deployed to most preschools and kindergartens by 2013.<ref>[http://www.popsci.com/technology/article/2010-02/south-korea-gives-go-robot-english-teachers-classrooms South Korean Robot English Teachers Are Go], Popular Science, 24 February 2010. Retrieved 15 July 2010.</ref> Robotics are also incorporated in the entertainment sector; the ''Korean Robot Game Festival'' has been held every year since 2004 to promote science and robot technology.<ref>[http://www.robotwar.or.kr/ Korean Robot Game Festival] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110514221858/https://www.robotwar.or.kr/ |date=14 May 2011 }}, Official Site</ref>