Soul

====Near-death experience====
Neuroscience research hypothesizes that a [[near-death experience]] (an NDE) is a [[wikt:subjective#Adjective|subjective]] [[hallucination|phenomenon]] resulting from "disturbed bodily multisensory integration" that occurs during life-threatening events.<ref name=blanke2009>{{Cite book|title=The Neurology of Consciousness|last=Blanke|first=Olaf|publisher=London: Academic Publishers, 2009|year=2009|isbn=978-0-12-374168-4|location=London|pages=303–324}}</ref>
Some researchers of near-death experiences consider such a phenomenon as a challenge to the [[materialist]] assumptions about the relationship between mind and brain.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Parnia|first=Sam|date=February 2017|title=Understanding the cognitive experience of death and the near-death experience|url=https://academic.oup.com/qjmed/article-abstract/110/2/67/2681812?redirectedFrom=fulltext|journal=QJM: An International Journal of Medicine|volume=110|issue=2|pages=67–69|doi=10.1093/qjmed/hcw185|pmid=28100825|doi-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last=Greyson|first=Bruce|date=2010|title=Implications of Near-Death Experiences for a Postmaterialist Psychology|url=https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/wp-content/uploads/sites/360/2017/01/NDE62_postmaterialist-PRS.pdf|journal=Psychology of Religion and Spirituality 2010, Vol. 2, No. 1, 37– 45}}</ref> Sam Parnia and others have suggested that a mind that is mediated by, but not produced by the brain is a possible way to explain NDE.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Sleutjes A, Moreira-Almeida A, Greyson B | date = Nov 2014 | title = Almost 40 years investigating near-death experiences: an overview of mainstream scientific journals | journal = J Nerv Ment Dis | volume = 202 | issue = 11| pages = 833–6 | doi = 10.1097/NMD.0000000000000205 | pmid = 25357254 | s2cid = 16765929 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|first=Jonathan|last=Petre|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/health/1371323/Soul-searching-doctors-find-life-after-death.html|title=Soul-searching doctors find life after death|publisher=The Telegraph|date=22 October 2000|quote=These people were having these experiences when we wouldn't expect them to happen, when the brain shouldn't be able to sustain lucid processes or allow them to form memories that would last. So it might hold an answer to the question of whether mind or consciousness is actually produced by the brain or whether the brain is a kind of intermediary for the mind, which exists independently.... I started off as a sceptic but, having weighed up all the evidence, I now think that there is something going on. Essentially, it comes back to the question of whether the mind or consciousness is produced from the brain. If we can prove that the mind is produced by the brain, I don't think there is anything after we die because essentially we are conscious beings. If, on the contrary, the brain is like an intermediary which manifests the mind, like a television will act as an intermediary to manifest waves in the air into a picture or a sound, we can show that the mind is still there after the brain is dead. And that is what I think these near-death experiences indicate}}</ref>