Feminism

=== Socialism ===
{{main|Left-wing politics#Social progressivism and counterculture|Socialist feminism}}
Since the late 19th century, some feminists have allied with socialism, whereas others have criticized socialist ideology for being insufficiently concerned about women's rights. [[August Bebel]], an early activist of the [[Social Democratic Party of Germany|German Social Democratic Party]] (SPD), published his work ''Die Frau und der Sozialismus'', juxtaposing the struggle for equal rights between sexes with social equality in general. In 1907 there was an [[International Socialist Women's Conferences#Stuttgart 1907|International Conference of Socialist Women]] in [[Stuttgart]] where suffrage was described as a tool of class struggle. [[Clara Zetkin]] of the SPD called for women's suffrage to build a "socialist order, the only one that allows for a radical solution to the women's question".<ref>{{cite book |author=Badia, Gilbert |title=Zetkin. Femminista senza frontiere |year=1994 |publisher=University of Michigan. |isbn=978-88-85378-53-7 |page=320}}</ref><ref name="hww5"/>

In Britain, the women's movement was allied with the [[Labour party (UK)|Labour party]]. In the U.S., [[Betty Friedan]] emerged from a radical background to take leadership. [[Radical Women]] is the oldest socialist feminist organization in the U.S. and is still active.<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Radical Women Manifesto: Socialist Feminist Theory, Program and Organizational Structure |year=2001 |publisher=Red Letter Press |location=Seattle, WA |isbn=978-0-932323-11-8}}</ref> During the [[Spanish Civil War]], [[Dolores Ibárruri]] (''La Pasionaria'') led the [[Communist Party of Spain (main)|Communist Party of Spain]]. Although she supported equal rights for women, she opposed women fighting on the front and clashed with the [[Anarcha-Feminism|anarcha-feminist]] [[Mujeres Libres]].<ref name="Ib">{{Cite book |author=Ibárruri, Dolores |title=Speeches & Articles, 1936–1938 |year=1938 |publisher=University of Michigan |page=263}}</ref>

Feminists in Ireland in the early 20th century included the [[revolutionary]] [[Irish Republicanism|Irish Republican]], [[suffragette]] and [[Socialism|socialist]] [[Constance Markievicz]] who in 1918 was the first woman elected to the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|British House of Commons]]. However, in line with Sinn Féin [[abstentionism|abstentionist]] policy, she would not take her seat in the House of Commons.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.irishresistancebooks.com/internment/intern6.htm|title=Internment – Women Internees 1916–1973|author=John McGuffin|year=1973
| access-date=22 March 2009}}</ref> She was re-elected to the [[Second Dáil]] in the [[1921 Irish elections|elections of 1921]].<ref name=elecs_irl>{{cite web|url=http://electionsireland.org/candidate.cfm?id=994|title=Countess Constance de Markievicz|website=ElectionsIreland.org|access-date=22 March 2009}}</ref> She was also a commander of the [[Irish Citizens Army]], which was led by the socialist and self-described feminist Irish leader [[James Connolly]], during the 1916 [[Easter Rising]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bunbury|first1=Turtle|title=Dorothea Findlater – One Hundred Years On|url=http://www.turtlebunbury.com/interviews/interviews_misc/interviews_misc_dorotheafindlater.html|access-date=5 January 2016|quote=Perhaps the most awkward arrest Wheeler made was Countess Markievicz, his wife's first cousin.}}</ref>