Filioque

===Inclusion in the Nicene Creed===

Eastern Orthodox Christians object that, even if the teaching of the ''Filioque'' can be defended, its medieval interpretation and unilateral interpolation into the Creed is anti-canonical and unacceptable.{{efn|name=Lossky}}{{sfn|ECT|2005|loc="Filioque"}} "The Catholic Church acknowledges the conciliar, ecumenical, normative and irrevocable value, as expression of the one common faith of the Church and of all Christians, of the Symbol professed in Greek at Constantinople in 381 by the Second Ecumenical Council. No profession of faith peculiar to a particular liturgical tradition can contradict this expression of the faith taught and professed by the undivided Church."{{sfn|PCPCU|1995}} The Catholic Church allows liturgical use of the [[Apostles' Creed]] as well of the Nicene Creed, and sees no essential difference between the recitation in the liturgy of a creed with orthodox additions and a profession of faith outside the liturgy such that of [[Patriarch Tarasios of Constantinople]], who developed the Nicene Creed with an addition as follows: "the Holy Spirit, the Lord and giver of life, who proceeds from the Father ''through the Son''".{{sfn|PCPCU|1995}} It sees the addition of "and the Son" in the context of the Latin ''{{lang|la|qui ex Patre procedit}}'' (who proceeds from the Father) as an elucidation of the faith expressed by the Church Fathers, since the verb ''{{lang|la|procedere}}'' signifies "the communication of the consubstantial divinity from the Father to the Son and from the Father, through and with the Son, to the Holy Spirit".{{sfn|PCPCU|1995}}

Most Oriental Orthodox churches have not added the ''Filoque'' to their creeds but the [[Armenian Apostolic Church]] has added [http://www.armenianchurchlibrary.com/files/creed.pdf elucidations] to the Nicene Creed.{{sfnm|Campbell|2009|1p=38|Nersessian|2010|2p=33}} Another change made to the text of the Nicene Creed by both the Latins and the Greeks is to use the singular "I believe" in place of the plural "we believe", while all the Churches of [[Oriental Orthodoxy]], not only the Armenian, but also the [[Coptic Orthodox Church]],<ref>[http://www.copticchurch.net/topics/liturgy/liturgy_of_st_basil.pdf St Basil Liturgy] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120305010008/http://www.copticchurch.net/topics/liturgy/liturgy_of_st_basil.pdf |date=5 March 2012 }}, pp. 13–15</ref> the [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eotc.faithweb.com/orth.html#CREED |title=The faith that was formulated at Nicaea |publisher=Eotc.faithweb.com |date=25 December 1994 |access-date=25 April 2013}}</ref> the [[Malankara Orthodox Church]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://malankaraorthodoxchurch.in/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=104&Itemid=217 |title=The Nicene Creed |publisher=Malankaraorthodoxchurch.in |access-date=25 April 2013}}</ref> and the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]],<ref>{{cite web |author=George Kiraz |url=http://sor.cua.edu/Liturgy/Common/NiceneCreed.html |title=The Nicene Creed |publisher=Sor.cua.edu |date=8 June 1997 |access-date=25 April 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120507074543/http://sor.cua.edu/Liturgy/Common/NiceneCreed.html |archive-date=7 May 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> have on the contrary preserved the "we believe" of the original text.