Walmart

== Corporate affairs ==
[[File:Walmart Home Office sign.jpg|thumb|upright|Home office in [[Bentonville, Arkansas|Bentonville]], [[Arkansas]] in June 2009|alt=An American flag waving above a Walmart sign at the entrance of an office park]]

Walmart is headquartered in the Walmart Home Office complex in [[Bentonville, Arkansas]]. The company's [[business model]] is based on selling a wide variety of general merchandise at low prices.<ref name="2015 Annual Report Page 19"/> Doug McMillon became Walmart's CEO on February 1, 2014. He has also worked as the head of Sam's Club and Walmart International.<ref name="O'Keefe 15">{{cite news |title = The man who's reinventing Walmart |last1 = O'Keefe |first1 = Brian |url = http://fortune.com/2015/06/04/walmart-ceo-doug-mcmillon/ |magazine = Fortune |date = June 4, 2015 |access-date = July 21, 2015 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150717074806/http://fortune.com/2015/06/04/walmart-ceo-doug-mcmillon/ |archive-date = July 17, 2015}}</ref> The company refers to its employees as "associates". All Walmart stores in the U.S. and Canada also have designated "[[Walmart greeter|greeters]]" at the entrance, a practice pioneered by Sam Walton and later imitated by other retailers. Greeters are trained to help shoppers find what they want and answer their questions.<ref name="Kendall_Gerald_I">{{cite book |last = Kendall |first = Gerald I. |title = Securing the future: strategies for exponential growth using the theory of constraints. |year = 1998 |publisher = [[CRC Press]] |location = Boca Raton, Florida |isbn = 1-57444-197-3 |page = [https://archive.org/details/securingfuture00gera_0/page/106 106] |url = https://archive.org/details/securingfuture00gera_0 |url-access = registration |quote = walmart greeter. |access-date = March 3, 2016 }}</ref>

For many years, associates were identified in the store by their signature blue vest, but this practice was discontinued in June 2007 and replaced with khaki pants and polo shirts. The wardrobe change was part of a larger corporate overhaul to increase sales and rejuvenate the company's stock price.<ref name="replace_blue_vests">{{cite news |title = Wal-Mart Replaces Blue Vests |url = https://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=3288829 |access-date = June 28, 2011 |work = [[ABC News]] |date = June 18, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120124055431/http://abcnews.go.com/GMA/story?id=3288829 |archive-date = January 24, 2012}}</ref> In September 2014, the uniform was again updated to bring back a vest (paid for by the company) for store employees over the same polos and khaki or black pants paid for by the employee. The vest is navy blue for Walmart employees at Supercenters and discounts stores, lime green for Walmart Neighborhood Market employees, and yellow for self-check-out associates; door greeters, and customer service managers. All three state "Proud Walmart Associate" on the left breast and the "Spark" logo covering the back.<ref>{{cite news |last1 = SANCHEZ |first1 = KARIZZA |title = Walmart Employees Are Pissed About the Company's Swagless New Dress Code |url = http://www.complex.com/style/2014/09/walmart-employees-not-happy-with-new-dress-code |access-date = March 29, 2015 |work = Complex |date = September 2, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150408004424/http://www.complex.com/style/2014/09/walmart-employees-not-happy-with-new-dress-code |archive-date = April 8, 2015}}</ref> Reportedly one of the main reasons the vest was reintroduced was that some customers had trouble identifying employees.<ref>{{cite news |last1 = Lanning |first1 = Curt |title = Walmart Changes Up Dress Code For Employees |url = http://5newsonline.com/2014/09/05/walmart-changes-up-dress-code-for-employees/ |access-date = March 29, 2015 |work = 5 News Online |publisher = KFSM |date = September 5, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150111233733/http://5newsonline.com/2014/09/05/walmart-changes-up-dress-code-for-employees/ |archive-date = January 11, 2015}}</ref> In 2016, self-checkout associates, door greeters and customer service managers began wearing a yellow vest to be better seen by customers. By requiring employees to wear uniforms that are made up of standard "streetwear", Walmart is not required to purchase the uniforms or reimburse employees which are required in some states, as long as that clothing can be worn elsewhere. Businesses are only legally required to pay for branded shirts and pants or clothes that would be difficult to wear outside of work.<ref>{{cite news |last1 = Berman |first1 = Jillian |title = Walmart Workers Complain They Can't Afford New Dress Code |url = https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/09/walmart-dress-code_n_5792224.html |access-date = March 29, 2015 |work = HuffPost |publisher = TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. |date = September 10, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150403092448/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2014/09/09/walmart-dress-code_n_5792224.html |archive-date = April 3, 2015}}</ref>

Unlike many other retailers, Walmart does not charge [[slotting fee]]s to suppliers for their products to appear in the store.<ref name="nelson">{{cite web |author = Nelson, Emily |url = http://www.columbia.edu/~ss957/media_ref_pages/TooManyChoices.html |title = Too Many Choices – Nine Kinds of Kleenex Tissue, Eggo Waffles in 16 Flavors: Blame Brand Managers |work = The Wall Street Journal |date = April 20, 2001 |access-date = August 1, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060503002041/http://www.columbia.edu/~ss957/media_ref_pages/TooManyChoices.html |archive-date = May 3, 2006 }}</ref> Instead, it focuses on selling more-popular products and provides incentives for store managers to drop unpopular products.<ref name="nelson"/>

From 2006 to 2010, the company eliminated its [[layaway]] program. In 2011, the company revived its layaway program.<ref>Stephanie Clifford, [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/business/wal-mart-brings-back-layaway.html Wal-Mart Again Offers Layaway] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200801212203/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/08/21/business/wal-mart-brings-back-layaway.html |date=August 1, 2020 }}, ''The New York Times'' (August 20, 2012).</ref><ref>Stephanie Clifford, [https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/business/wal-mart-to-bring-back-layaway.html Wal-Mart to Bring Back Layaway for Holidays] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190903203838/https://www.nytimes.com/2011/09/09/business/wal-mart-to-bring-back-layaway.html |date=September 3, 2019 }}, ''The New York Times'' (September 8, 2011).</ref>

Walmart introduced its Site-To-Store program in 2007, after testing the program since 2004 on a limited basis. The program allows ''walmart.com'' customers to buy goods online with a free shipping option, and have goods shipped to the nearest store for pickup.<ref name="site-to-store">{{cite web |author = McCarthy, Caroline |url = https://www.cnet.com/news/free-shipping-from-walmart-com-with-store-pickup/ |title = Free Shipping from Walmart.com&nbsp;... with Store Pickup |publisher = [[CNET]] |date = March 6, 2007 |access-date = November 1, 2007 |archive-date = May 20, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200520060317/https://www.cnet.com/news/free-shipping-from-walmart-com-with-store-pickup/ |url-status = live }}</ref>

On September 15, 2017, Walmart announced that it would build a new headquarters in Bentonville to replace its current 1971 building and consolidate operations that have spread out to 20 different buildings throughout Bentonville.<ref>{{cite web |title = Wal-Mart reveals new headquarter plans |url = http://www.nwaonline.com/news/2017/sep/15/wal-mart-reveals-new-headquarter-plans/ |website = Northwest Arkansas Democrat Gazette |access-date = September 15, 2017 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170915232820/http://www.nwaonline.com/news/2017/sep/15/wal-mart-reveals-new-headquarter-plans/ |archive-date = September 15, 2017 |date = September 15, 2017 }}</ref>

According to [[Watchdog journalism|watchdog group]] Documented, in 2020 Walmart contributed $140,000 to the Rule of Law Defense Fund, a fund-raising arm of the Republican Attorneys General Association.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://documented.net/2021/01/republican-attorneys-general-dark-money-group-organized-protest-preceding-capitol-mob-attack/|title=Republican Attorneys General Dark Money Group Organized Protest Preceding Capitol Attack|date=January 7, 2021|access-date=January 11, 2021|publisher=Documented|first=Jamie|last=Corey|archive-date=January 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210127222102/https://documented.net/2021/01/republican-attorneys-general-dark-money-group-organized-protest-preceding-capitol-mob-attack/|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Business trends ===
For the [[fiscal year]] ending January 31, 2019, Walmart reported [[net income]] of {{US$|6.6&nbsp;billion}} on $514&nbsp;billion of revenue. The company's international operations accounted for $120&nbsp;billion, or 23.7 percent, of its $510&nbsp;billion of sales.<ref name="xbrlus_1" /><ref name="Form10K">{{cite web |title=Wal-Mart Form 10K: Portions of Annual Report to Shareholders |url=https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/104169/000010416915000011/wmtform10-kx13115.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151025155844/http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/104169/000010416915000011/wmtform10-kx13115.htm |archive-date=October 25, 2015 |access-date=December 25, 2015 |publisher=United States Securities and Exchange Commission}}</ref> Walmart is the world's 23rd-largest public corporation, according to the [[Forbes Global 2000]] list, and the largest public corporation when ranked by revenue.<ref name="forbes_global_2000">{{cite news |date=April 2011 |title=The World's Biggest Public Companies |newspaper=Forbes |url=https://www.forbes.com/global2000/ |url-status=live |access-date=June 28, 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110630031717/http://www.forbes.com/global2000/list |archive-date=June 30, 2011}}</ref>

The key trends for Walmart are (as of the financial year ending January 31):

{| class="wikitable float-left" style="text-align: right;"
|-
! rowspan="2" |Year
!Revenue{{Efn|"Total revenues"}}
!Net Income{{Efn|"Consolidated net income attributable to Walmart"}}
!Total Assets
! rowspan="2" |Price per<br />Share (US$)<br />{{Citation needed|date=November 2023}}
! rowspan="2" |Employees<br /><ref>{{Cite web |title=Walmart Number of Employees 1985-2023 |url=https://stockanalysis.com/stocks/wmt/employees/ |access-date=November 26, 2023 |website=Stock Analysis |language=en}}</ref>
! rowspan="2" |Stores
! rowspan="2" |Sources
|-
! colspan="3" |US$ millions
|-
|1968
|12.6
|0.48
|
|
|
|24
|<ref name="1972ar">{{cite web |title=1972-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1972-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223081621/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1972-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |archive-date=December 23, 2020 |access-date=September 1, 2019 |publisher=Walmart |page=3}}</ref>
|-
|1969
|21.3
|0.60
|
|
|
|27
|<ref name="1972ar" />
|-
|1970
|30.8
|1.1
|
|
|1,000
|32
|<ref name="1972ar" />
|-
|1971
|44.2
|1.6
|15.3
|
|1,500
|38
|<ref name="1972ar2">{{cite web |title=1972-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1972-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |page=7 |access-date=September 1, 2019 |archive-date=December 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223081621/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1972-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1972
|78.0
|2.9
|28.4
|
|2,300
|51
|<ref name="1972ar2" />
|-
|1973
|124
|4.5
|46.2
|
|3,500
|66
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1973-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1973-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |pages=4, 8–9 |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225152417/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1973-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1974
|167
|6.1
|60.1
|
|4,400
|78
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1974-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1974-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922012359/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1974-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |access-date=December 2, 2018 |publisher=Walmart}}</ref>
|-
|1975
|236
|6.3
|75.2
|
|5,800
|104
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1975-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1975-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225152452/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1975-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1976
|340
|11.5
|125
|
|7,500
|125
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1976-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1976-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921100626/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1976-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1977
|478
|16.5
|168
|
|10,000
|153
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1977-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1977-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225152532/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1977-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1978
|678
|21.8
|251
|
|14,700
|195
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1978-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1978-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=July 6, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200706091121/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1978-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1979
|900
|29.4
|324
|
|17,500
|229
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1979-Annual Report |url=https://stock.walmart.com/files/doc_financials/1970s/1979-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 25, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201225152707/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1970s/1979-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|-
|1980
|1,248
|41.1
|457
|
|21,000
|276
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1980-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1980-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199346706999123.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922115636/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1980-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199346706999123.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1981
|1,643
|55.6
|592
|
|27,000
|330
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1981-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1981-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199347668773347.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216223921/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1981-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199347668773347.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1982
|2,444
|82.7
|937
|
|41,000
|491
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1982-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1982-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199348981657507.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922115230/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1982-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199348981657507.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1983
|3,376
|124
|1,187
|
|46,000
|551
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1983-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1983-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199350362191765.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922105004/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1983-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199350362191765.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1984
|4,666
|196
|1,652
|
|62,000
|645
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1984-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1984-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199350922812616.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922120843/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1984-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199350922812616.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1985
|6,400
|270
|2,205
|
|81,000
|758
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1985-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1985-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199355771201213.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922114641/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1985-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199355771201213.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1986
|8,451
|327
|3,103
|
|104,000
|887
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1986-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1986-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199393790144787.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922111946/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1986-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199393790144787.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1987
|11,909
|450
|4,049
|
|141,000
|1,037
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1987-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1987-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199394123994168.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922112736/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1987-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199394123994168.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1988
|15,959
|627
|5,131
|
|183,000
|1,215
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1988-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1988-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199394950449861.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=June 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617121116/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1988-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199394950449861.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1989
|20,649
|837
|6,359
|
|223,000
|1,381
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1989-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1989-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199395263663916.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=June 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617125752/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1980%27s/1989-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199395263663916.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
!
! colspan="3" text-align="center" |US$ billions
! colspan="4" |
|-
|1990
|25.8
|1.0
|8.1
|
|275,000
|1,528
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1990-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1990/1990-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199433401813051.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121306/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1990/1990-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199433401813051.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1991
|32.6
|1.2
|11.3
|
|328,000
|1,725
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1991-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1991/1991-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199433717905777.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121503/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1991/1991-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199433717905777.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1992
|43.8
|1.6
|15.4
|
|371,000
|1,930
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1992-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1992/1992_130199446777132719.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922110555/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1992/1992_130199446777132719.pdf |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |access-date=December 2, 2018 |publisher=Walmart}}</ref>
|-
|1993
|55.4
|1.9
|20.5
|
|434,000
|2,136
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1993-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1993/1993-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199450994648281.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121225/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1993/1993-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199450994648281.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1994
|67.3
|2.3
|26.4
|
|528,000
|2,463
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1994-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1994/1994-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199451433392011-(1).pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216223921/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1994/1994-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199451433392011-(1).pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1995
|82.4
|2.6
|32.8
|
|622,000
|2,872
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1995-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1995/1995-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199451776663969.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203055529/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1995/1995-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199451776663969.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1996
|93.6
|2.7
|37.5
|
|675,000
|3,106
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1996-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1996/1996-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199454711327644.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=December 16, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216223921/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1996/1996-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199454711327644.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1997
|104
|3.0
|39.6
|
|728,000
|3,117
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1997-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1997/1997-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199458105727493.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121312/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1997/1997-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199458105727493.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1998
|117
|3.5
|45.3
|
|825,000
|3,406
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1998-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1998/1998-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199459510258743.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922115122/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1998/1998-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199459510258743.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|1999
|137
|4.4
|49.9
|
|910,000
|3,600
|<ref>{{cite web |title=1999-Annual Report |url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1999/1999-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199459840185623.pdf |publisher=Walmart |access-date=December 2, 2018 |archive-date=September 22, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121300/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/1999/1999-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130199459840185623.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|2000
|165
|5.3
|70.3
|38.34
|1,140,000
|3,662
|<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2001/2001-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202938087042153.pdf|title=2001 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200913041548/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2001/2001-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202938087042153.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2001
|191
|6.2
|78.1
|37.30
|1,244,000
|4,189
|<ref name=":4" />
|-
|2002
|204
|6.5
|81.5
|39.93
|1,383,000
|4,414
|<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2004/2004-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202964084718876.pdf|title=2004 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200921011147/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2004/2004-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202964084718876.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2003
|229
|7.9
|92.9
|39.40
|1,400,000
|4,688
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|2004
|256
|9.0
|104
|40.17
|1,500,000
|4,906
|<ref name=":3" />
|-
|2005
|284
|10.2
|120
|36.03
|1,700,000
|5,289
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2005/2005-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202966828901734.pdf|title=2005 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922114714/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2005/2005-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202966828901734.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2006
|312
|11.2
|138
|34.95
|1,800,000
|6,141
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2006/2006-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202970623985117.pdf|title=2006 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922120058/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2006/2006-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130202970623985117.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2007
|348
|11.2
|151
|35.76
|1,900,000
|6,779
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2007/2007-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221018733842956.pdf|title=2007 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922110829/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2007/2007-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221018733842956.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2008
|377
|12.7
|163
|42.74
|2,100,000
|7,262
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2008/2008-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221019979211599.pdf|title=2008 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121417/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2008/2008-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221019979211599.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2009
|404
|13.3
|163
|40.02
|2,100,000
|7,870
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2009/Annual/2009-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221020968947561.pdf|title=2009 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121243/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2009/Annual/2009-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221020968947561.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2010
|408
|14.3
|170
|42.90
|2,100,000
|8,416
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2010/Annual/2010-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221021765802161.pdf|title=2010 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121103/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2010/Annual/2010-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221021765802161.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2011
|421
|16.3
|180
|45.11
|2,100,000
|8,970
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2011/Annual/2011-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221022810084579.pdf|title=2011 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=December 16, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201216223921/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2011/Annual/2011-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221022810084579.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2012
|446
|15.6
|193
|57.29
|2,200,000
|10,130
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2012/Annual/2012-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221023846998881.pdf|title=2012 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121620/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2012/Annual/2012-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221023846998881.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2013
|468
|16.9
|203
|65.74
|2,200,000
|10,773
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2013/Annual/2013-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221024708579502.pdf|title=2013 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922120641/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2013/Annual/2013-annual-report-for-walmart-stores-inc_130221024708579502.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2014
|476
|16.0
|204
|69.17
|2,200,000
|10,942
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2014/Annual/2014-annual-report.pdf|title=2014 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922121602/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2014/Annual/2014-annual-report.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2015
|485
|16.3
|203
|66.40
|2,200,000
|11,453
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2015/annual/2015-annual-report.pdf|title=2015 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=November 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112043209/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2015/annual/2015-annual-report.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2016
|482
|14.6
|199
|65.64
|2,300,000
|11,528
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2016/annual/2016-Annual-Report-PDF.pdf|title=2016 Annual Report|access-date=May 10, 2016|archive-date=June 2, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160602123325/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2016/annual/2016-Annual-Report-PDF.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2017
|485
|13.6
|198
|76.67
|2,300,000
|11,695
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2017/Annual/WMT_2017_AR-(1).pdf|title=2017 Annual Report|access-date=November 18, 2018|archive-date=February 5, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180205194909/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2017/Annual/WMT_2017_AR-(1).pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2018
|500
|9.8
|204
|90.80
|2,300,000
|11,718
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2018/annual/WMT-2018_Annual-Report.pdf|title=2018 Annual Report|access-date=April 26, 2018|archive-date=November 17, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201117081929/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2018/annual/WMT-2018_Annual-Report.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2019
|514
|6.6
|219
|108.41
|2,200,000
|11,361
|<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2019/annual/Walmart-2019-AR-Final.pdf|title=2019 Annual Report|access-date=January 25, 2020|archive-date=November 11, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111225048/https://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2019/annual/Walmart-2019-AR-Final.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|2020
|523
|14.8
|236
|129.60
|2,200,000
|11,501
|<ref>{{Cite web|title=2020 Annual Report|url=https://corporate.walmart.com/media-library/document/2020-walmart-annual-report/_proxyDocument?id=00000171-a3ea-dfc0-af71-b3fea8490000|access-date=April 7, 2021|archive-date=April 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411121026/https://corporate.walmart.com/media-library/document/2020-walmart-annual-report/_proxyDocument?id=00000171-a3ea-dfc0-af71-b3fea8490000|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|2021
|559
|13.5
|252
|
|2,300,000
|11,443
|<ref name="Unit Counts & Square Footage" />
|-
|2022
|572
|13.6
|244
|
|2,300,000
|10,593
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=Walmart Annual Report 2022 |url=https://s201.q4cdn.com/262069030/files/doc_financials/2022/ar/WMT-FY2022-Annual-Report.pdf |website=Walmart}}</ref>
|-
|2023
|611
|11.6
|243
|
|2,100,000
|10,623
|<ref>{{Cite web |date=November 25, 2023 |title=Walmart {{!}} History & Facts {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Walmart |access-date=November 26, 2023 |website=www.britannica.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Walmart Annual Report 2023 |url=https://s201.q4cdn.com/262069030/files/doc_financials/2023/ar/Walmart-10K-Reports-Optimized.pdf |website=Walmart}}</ref>
|}

=== Governance ===
Walmart is governed by an eleven-member board of directors elected annually by [[shareholder]]s. [[Greg Penner|Gregory B. Penner]], son-in-law of [[S. Robson Walton]] and the grandson-in-law of Sam Walton, serves as [[chairman]] of the board. Doug McMillon serves as president and chief executive officer. Current members of the board are:<ref>{{Cite web |title=Board of Directors |url=https://corporate.walmart.com/about/board-of-directors |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220703052556/https://corporate.walmart.com/about/board-of-directors |archive-date=July 3, 2022 |access-date=June 26, 2022 |website=Corporate – US |language=en-US}}</ref><ref name="Form10K" /><ref name="Sorkin_Rusli">{{cite news |last=Sorkin, Andrew R. |author2=Rusli, Evelyn M. |date=July 16, 2012 |title=A Yahoo Search Calls Up a Chief From Google. |newspaper=The New York Times |url=https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/07/16/googles-marissa-mayer-tapped-as-yahoos-chief/ |url-status=live |access-date=July 20, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120720011353/http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2012/07/16/googles-marissa-mayer-tapped-as-yahoos-chief/ |archive-date=July 20, 2012}}</ref>
* Gregory B. Penner, chairman of the board of directors of Walmart Inc. and general partner of Madrone Capital Partners
* [[Cesar Conde]], chairman of [[NBCUniversal International Networks|NBCUniversal International Group]] and [[NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment Group#NBCUniversal Telemundo Enterprises|NBCUniversal Telemundo Enterprises]]
* Timothy P. Flynn, retired CEO of [[KPMG|KPMG International]]
* Sarah Friar, CEO of [[Nextdoor]]
* Carla A. Harris, Vice-chairman of Wealth Management, head of multicultural client strategy, managing director, and senior client advisor at [[Morgan Stanley]]
* [[Thomas W. Horton|Tom Horton]], senior advisor at [[Warburg Pincus|Warburg Pincus, LLC]], and retired chairman and CEO of [[American Airlines]]
* [[Marissa Mayer|Marissa A. Mayer]], co-founder of Lumi Labs, Inc., and former president and CEO of [[Yahoo!|Yahoo!, Inc.]]
* Doug McMillon, president and CEO of Walmart
* [[Randall Stephenson]], retired chairman and CEO of [[AT&T|AT&T Inc.]]
* S. Robson "Rob" Walton, retired chairman of the board of directors of Walmart Inc.
* [[Steuart Walton]], founder of RZC Investments, LLC.

Notable former members of the board include [[Hillary Clinton]] (1985–1992)<ref>{{cite web |author=Harkavy, Ward |date=May 24, 2000 |title=Wal-Mart's First Lady |url=http://www.villagevoice.com/news/0021,harkavy,15052,5.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050301202725/http://www.villagevoice.com/news/0021%2Charkavy%2C15052%2C5.html |archive-date=March 1, 2005 |access-date=August 3, 2006 |work=[[The Village Voice]]}}</ref> and [[Tom Coughlin (Walmart executive)|Tom Coughlin]] (2003–2004), the latter having served as vice chairman. Clinton left the board before the [[1992 United States presidential election|1992 U.S. presidential election]], and Coughlin left in December 2005 after pleading guilty to wire fraud and tax evasion for stealing hundreds of thousands of dollars from Walmart.<ref>{{cite news |author=Boulden, Jennifer |date=January 31, 2006 |title=Wal-Mart Former Vice Chairman Coughlin Admits Fraud |magazine=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000087&sid=a574eQ1zemuk&refer=top_world_news |url-status=dead |access-date=August 3, 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080712173022/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=10000087&sid=a574eQ1zemuk&refer=top_world_news |archive-date=July 12, 2008}}</ref>

After Sam Walton's death in 1992, Don Soderquist, Chief Operating Officer and Senior Vice Chairman, became known as the "Keeper of the Culture".<ref name="Soderquist_Donald">{{Cite book |author=Soderquist, Donald |url=https://archive.org/details/walmartwayinside00sode |title=The Wal-mart Way: The Inside Story of the Success of the World's Largest Company |date=April 19, 2005 |publisher=[[Thomas Nelson (publisher)|Thomas Nelson]] |isbn=978-0-7852-6119-3 |edition=2nd}}</ref>

=== Ownership ===
Walmart Inc. is a [[Delaware General Corporation Law|Delaware-domiciled]] [[joint-stock company]] registered with the [[U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission]], with its [[registered office]] located in [[Wolters Kluwer]]'s [[Corporation Trust Center (CT Corporation)|Corporation Trust Center]] in [[Wilmington, Delaware|Wilmington]]. {{As of|2017|March|df=US|post=,}}<ref>{{Cite web |url = https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/217476/999999999717001550/9999999997-17-001550-index.htm |title = No Action Letter 2017 |last = WALMART STORES |website = SEC Edgar |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170305115038/https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/217476/999999999717001550/9999999997-17-001550-index.htm |archive-date = March 5, 2017}}</ref> it has 3,292,377,090 outstanding shares. These are held mainly by the [[Walton family]], a number of [[Institutional investor|institutions]] and [[Mutual fund|funds]].<ref name="WALMART – DEF 14A"/><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/WMT/holders?p=WMT|title=WMT Major Holders {{!}} Insider Transactions {{!}} Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. Stock – Yahoo Finance|publisher=Yahoo! Finance|access-date=March 4, 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170305115223/https://finance.yahoo.com/quote/WMT/holders?p=WMT|archive-date=March 5, 2017}}</ref>
* 43.00% (1,415,891,131): [[Walton family|Walton Enterprises]] LLC
* 5.30% (174,563,205): [[Walton family]] Holdings Trust<ref>{{Cite web |url = http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2016/annual/Proxy-Statement.pdf?p=75 |title = 2016 Notice of Annual Shareholders' Meeting and Proxy Statement |last = Walmart |date = June 3, 2016 |page = 75 |access-date = March 5, 2017 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170306131032/http://s2.q4cdn.com/056532643/files/doc_financials/2016/annual/Proxy-Statement.pdf?p=75 |archive-date = March 6, 2017}}</ref>
* 3.32% (102,036,399): [[The Vanguard Group]], Inc
* 2.37% (72,714,226): [[State Street Corporation]]
* 1.37% (42,171,892): [[BlackRock]] Institutional Trust Company
* 0.94% (28,831,721): [[The Vanguard Group|Vanguard]] Total Stock Market Index Fund
* 0.77% (23,614,578): [[BlackRock]] Fund Advisors
* 0.71% (21,769,126): [[Dodge & Cox]] Inc
* 0.68% (20,978,727): [[The Vanguard Group|Vanguard]] 500 Index Fund
* 0.65% (20,125,838): [[Bank of America]] Corporation
* 0.57% (17,571,058): [[The Bank of New York Mellon|Bank of New York Mellon]] Corporation
* 0.57% (17,556,128): [[Northern Trust]] Corporation
* 0.55% (16,818,165): [[The Vanguard Group|Vanguard]] Institutional Index Fund-Institutional Index Fund
* 0.55% (16,800,850): [[State Farm Insurance|State Farm]] Mutual Automobile Insurance Co
* 0.52% (15,989,827): [[SPDR]] S&P 500 ETF Trust

=== Competition ===
In North America, Walmart's primary competitors include [[grocery store]]s and [[department store]]s like [[Target Corporation|Target]], [[Kroger]], [[Aldi]], [[Meijer]], [[Trader Joe's]], [[Ingles]], [[Publix]], [[Harris Teeter]] and [[Winn Dixie]] in the United States; [[Hudson's Bay Company|Hudson's Bay]], [[Loblaw Companies|Loblaw retail stores]], [[Sobeys]], [[Metro Inc.|Metro]], and [[Giant Tiger]] in Canada; and [[Comercial Mexicana]] and [[Soriana]] in Mexico. Competitors of Walmart's Sam's Club division are [[Costco]] and the smaller [[BJ's Wholesale Club]] chain. Walmart's move into the grocery business in the late 1990s set it against major supermarket chains in both the United States and Canada.<ref name="Stilgoe"/> Studies have typically found that Walmart's prices are significantly lower than those of their competitors, and that Walmart's presence is associated with lower food prices for households. Comparisons of performance metrics such as sales per square foot suggest that supermarkets in direct competition with Walmart Supercenters show significant decreases in profit margins, an effect that is strongest in the case of unionized competitors. Between 2000 and 2010, Walmart's entry into new areas often lowered local food prices at other stores. However, recent studies have not found the same effect, suggesting that retailers may have changed their competitive strategies.<ref name="Volpe"/>

While the idea that Walmart destroys small businesses is widely assumed to be true, research so far suggests that Walmart superstores have little effect on smaller retailers such as "Mom and Pop" businesses. Differences in impact appear to be specific to the goods sold. Small retailers may experience difficulty if they rely on selling products identical to those at Walmart or if they try to sell at lower prices.<ref name="Volpe"/>
[[Variety store|Dollar stores]] such as [[Family Dollar]] and [[Dollar General]] have been able to find a small niche market and compete successfully against Walmart.<ref name="Stilgoe">{{cite news |author = Stilgoe, John |url = https://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2003/11/23/wal_mart_giant_can_be_tamed |title = Wal-Mart Giant Can Be Tamed |work = The Boston Globe |date = November 23, 2003 |access-date = January 11, 2006 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070328010529/http://www.boston.com/news/local/massachusetts/articles/2003/11/23/wal_mart_giant_can_be_tamed/ |archive-date = March 28, 2007}}</ref> In 2004, Walmart responded by testing its own dollar store concept, a subsection of some stores called "Pennies-n-Cents".<ref>{{cite web |author = Berner, Robert |url = http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/04_19/b3882086.htm |title = Out-Discounting the Discounter |work = Bloomberg BusinessWeek |date = May 10, 2004 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120629083316/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/04_19/b3882086.htm |archive-date = June 29, 2012 }}</ref><ref name="Volpe"/>

Walmart also had to face fierce competition in some foreign markets. For example, in Germany it had captured just 2&nbsp;percent of the German food market following its entry into the market in 1997 and remained "a secondary player" behind [[Aldi]] with 19&nbsp;percent.<ref name="Struggling In Germany">{{cite web |author = Ewing, Jack |url = http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_15/b3928086_mz054.htm |title = Wal-Mart: Struggling in Germany |work = Bloomberg BusinessWeek |date = April 11, 2005 |access-date = July 27, 2006 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060813111855/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_15/b3928086_mz054.htm |archive-date = August 13, 2006 }}</ref>

In May 2006, after entering the South Korean market in 1998, Walmart sold all 16&nbsp;of its South Korean outlets to [[Shinsegae]], a local retailer, for {{US$|882&nbsp;million}}. Shinsegae re-branded the Walmarts as [[E-mart]] stores.<ref name="NYT_wmt_skorea">{{cite news |author = Sang-Hun, Choe |url = https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/23/business/worldbusiness/23shop.html |title = Wal-Mart Selling Stores and Leaving South Korea |work = The New York Times |date = May 23, 2006 |access-date = December 2, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20090424182423/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/23/business/worldbusiness/23shop.html |archive-date = April 24, 2009}}</ref>

Walmart struggled to export its brand elsewhere as it rigidly tried to reproduce its model overseas. In China, Walmart hopes to succeed by adapting and doing things preferable to Chinese citizens. For example, it found that Chinese consumers preferred to select their own live fish and seafood; stores began displaying the meat uncovered and installed fish tanks, leading to higher sales.<ref name="China_reinvent">{{cite web |url = http://www.industryleadersmagazine.com/walmart-low-prices-big-numbers/ |title = Walmart: Low Prices, Big Numbers |publisher = IndustryLeaders |access-date = December 16, 2012 |author = Ann, Carrie |date = December 24, 2011 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121113203758/http://www.industryleadersmagazine.com/walmart-low-prices-big-numbers/ |archive-date = November 13, 2012 |url-status=live }}</ref>

=== Customer base ===
[[File:Walmart footprint.png|thumb|450px|Map of Walmart locations in the United States, {{As of|2020|December|df=US|lc=y}}|alt=]]
In the United States, Walmart's early growth occurred in the Southeast and lower Midwest. More recently, Walmart has expanded throughout the country. The number of Walmart stores per 1,000 people in 2019 was highest in Arkansas, Oklahoma, Louisiana, Alabama and Kansas, and lowest in Hawaii, California, New Jersey, Massachusetts and New York. California and New Jersey were two of the ten states with the largest increases in Supercenters between 2011 and 2020, along with Pennsylvania, Illinois, and Wisconsin.<ref name="Volpe"/>

Walmart customers display strong customer loyalty<ref name="Dominick"/> and cite low prices as the most important reason for shopping there. Walmart has characterized their shoppers as falling into three main groups: "value-price shoppers" (people who like low prices and cannot afford much more), "brand aspirationals" (people with low incomes who buy well-known brands in hopes of assuring quality), and "price-sensitive affluents" (wealthier shoppers who seek deals).<ref name="nytmorethanprice">{{cite news |author = Barbaro, Michael |url = https://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/02/business/02walmart.html |title = It's Not Only about Price at Wal-Mart |work = The New York Times |date = March 2, 2007 |access-date = April 3, 2007 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080307092045/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/02/business/02walmart.html |archive-date = March 7, 2008}}</ref> {{As of|2022}} the average U.S. Walmart customer earned about $80,000 per year,<ref name="Dominick">{{cite news |last1=Reuter |first1=Dominick |title=Meet the typical Walmart shopper, a 59-year-old white suburban woman earning $80,000 a year |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/typical-walmart-shopper-demographic-white-woman-earning-middle-income-2021-7 |access-date=October 13, 2022 |work=Business Insider |date=January 17, 2022 |archive-date=October 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013141403/https://www.businessinsider.com/typical-walmart-shopper-demographic-white-woman-earning-middle-income-2021-7 |url-status=live }}</ref> above the U.S. average personal income of $63,214.<ref name="Flynn">{{cite web |last1=Flynn |date=April 5, 2022 |first1=Jack |title=Average American Income [2022]: Statistics On Household + Personal Income In The US – Zippia |url=https://www.zippia.com/advice/average-american-income/ |website=Zippia.com. |access-date=October 13, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=October 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013141406/https://www.zippia.com/advice/average-american-income/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Walmart reports that during times of rising inflation, customers become more sensitive to rising food prices, buying less expensive food items such as hot dogs and canned tuna rather than deli cold cuts. They also see more upper-income shoppers looking for bargains.<ref name="Horsley">{{cite news |last1=Horsley |first1=Scott |title=Walmart says inflation is helping it to attract more upper-income shoppers |url=https://www.wunc.org/2022-08-17/walmart-says-inflation-is-helping-it-to-attract-more-upper-income-shoppers |access-date=October 13, 2022 |work=WUNC/NPR |date=August 17, 2022 |language=en |archive-date=October 13, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221013151421/https://www.wunc.org/2022-08-17/walmart-says-inflation-is-helping-it-to-attract-more-upper-income-shoppers |url-status=live }}</ref>

Walmart shoppers have been reported to be politically conservative. A poll after the [[2004 U.S. presidential election]] reported that 76&nbsp;percent of voters who shopped at Walmart once a week reported voting for [[George W. Bush]] while only 23 percent supported senator [[John Kerry]].<ref name="zogbypoll">{{cite web |url = http://staugustine.com/news/local-news/2012-11-23-4#.UM1ok-Oe9uo |title = Group protests at local Walmart |access-date = December 16, 2012 |author = Gardner, Sheldon |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121201145953/http://staugustine.com/news/local-news/2012-11-23-4#.UM1ok-Oe9uo |archive-date = December 1, 2012}}</ref> When measured against similar retailers in the U.S. in 2006, frequent Walmart shoppers were rated the most politically [[Conservatism in the United States|conservative]].<ref>{{cite news |author = Birchall, Jonathan |author2 = Yeager, Holly |title = A Purchase on Psephology |newspaper = Financial Times |date = August 17, 2006 |page = 9 |edition = US }}</ref> {{As of|2014}} 54&nbsp;percent of Americans who preferred to shop at Walmart reported that they opposed [[same-sex marriage]], while 40 percent were in favor, reflecting the store's southern roots.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://publicreligion.org/2014/08/targets-support-for-same-sex-marriage-mirrors-customers-views/ |title = Target's Support for Same-sex Marriage Mirrors Customers' Views |last = Cox |first = Daniel |date = August 7, 2014 |publisher = Public Religion Research Institute |access-date = August 15, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140812090145/http://publicreligion.org/2014/08/targets-support-for-same-sex-marriage-mirrors-customers-views/ |archive-date = August 12, 2014}}</ref>

Due to its concentration of stores in the [[Bible Belt]], Walmart is known for its "tradition of tailoring its service to churchgoing customers".<ref name="Sellers"/> Walmart has carried [[Censorship of music|clean versions]] of hip-hop [[audio CDs]] and in cooperation with [[The Timothy Plan]], placed "plastic sheathes over suggestive women's periodicals and banned 'lad mags' such as [[Maxim (magazine)|Maxim]]" magazine.<ref name="Sellers">{{cite magazine |url = http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2005/may/17.40.html |title = Deliver Us from Wal-Mart? |last = Sellers |first = Jeff M. |date = April 22, 2005 |magazine = [[Christianity Today]] |access-date = April 13, 2014 |quote = Indeed, based in the Bible Belt town of Bentonville, Arkansas, Wal-Mart has a tradition of tailoring its service to churchgoing customers. It sells only the sanitized versions of hip-hop cds bearing warnings of objectionable content. Responding to a campaign by the largest evangelical mutual fund group, The Timothy Plan, to keep Cosmopolitan magazine covers out of view of Wal-Mart customers, the company slapped plastic sheathes over suggestive women's periodicals and banned "lad mags" such as Maxim. |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140107233259/http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2005/may/17.40.html |archive-date = January 7, 2014}}</ref> Walmart also caters to its Christian customer base by selling [[Christian media|Christian books and media]],<ref name="Gilgoff">{{cite news |url = http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2012/07/24/7-religious-companies-besides-chick-fil-a/ |title = 9 religious companies (besides Chick-fil-A) |last = Gilgoff |first = Dan |date = July 24, 2012 |publisher = CNN |access-date = April 13, 2014 |quote = Walmart long carries the kind of Christian books that were once the exclusive province of Christian bookstores. |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140205051508/http://religion.blogs.cnn.com/2012/07/24/7-religious-companies-besides-chick-fil-a/ |archive-date = February 5, 2014}}</ref> such as [[VeggieTales]] videos and [[The Purpose-Driven Life]], earning the company over {{US$|1&nbsp;billion}} annually.<ref name="Collidge">{{cite magazine |url = https://www.forbes.com/2003/09/15/cz_cc_0915wmt.html |title = David Vs. Goliath |last = Coolidge |first = Carrie |date = September 15, 2012 |magazine = Forbes |access-date = April 13, 2014 |quote = Wal-Mart Stores has seen the light. The world's biggest retailer has discovered Christian-themed merchandise is one of the fastest-growing categories around. With offerings ranging from best-selling books and videos including The Purpose Driven Life and Veggie Tales, Wal-Mart's annual sales from Christian-themed merchandise, which is estimated to already exceed $1 billion annually, is growing at a rapid pace. On a company-wide basis, Wal-Mart now offers 550 different Christian music titles and more than 1,200 Christian book titles. |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140413140729/http://www.forbes.com/2003/09/15/cz_cc_0915wmt.html |archive-date = April 13, 2014}}</ref><ref name="Sellers2">{{cite magazine |url = http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2005/may/17.40.html |title = Deliver Us from Wal-Mart? |last = Sellers |first = Jeff M. |date = April 22, 2005 |magazine = Christianity Today |access-date = April 13, 2014 |quote = In addition, according to Forbes magazine, Wal-Mart has become the largest retailer of Christian-themed merchandise, with well over $1 billion in sales of such items as VeggieTales videos and The Purpose-Driven Life books. |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140107233259/http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2005/may/17.40.html |archive-date = January 7, 2014}}</ref>

In 2006, Walmart took steps to expand its U.S. customer base, announcing a modification in its U.S. stores from a "one-size-fits-all" merchandising strategy to one designed to "reflect each of six demographic groups—African-Americans, the affluent, empty-nesters, Hispanics, suburbanites, and rural residents."<ref name="Reuters 06">{{cite news |title = Report: Wal-Mart to adopt new custom-fit retail approach |url = http://www.foxnews.com/story/2006/09/07/report-wal-mart-to-adopt-new-custom-fit-retail-approach.html |agency = Reuters |date = September 7, 2006 |access-date = February 28, 2016 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160307033321/http://www.foxnews.com/story/2006/09/07/report-wal-mart-to-adopt-new-custom-fit-retail-approach.html |archive-date = March 7, 2016}}</ref> Around six months later, it unveiled a new slogan:'' "Saving people money so they can live better lives"''.<ref name="nytmorethanprice"/>

Walmart has also made steps to appeal to more [[Modern liberalism in the United States|liberal]] customers, for example, by rejecting the [[American Family Association]]'s recommendations and carrying the DVD ''[[Brokeback Mountain]]'', a love story between two gay cowboys in Wyoming.<ref name="brokeback">{{cite web |url = https://www.imdb.com/news/sb/2006-04-04/ |title = Wal-Mart Hit by 'Brokeback' Protest |publisher = IMDb |access-date = December 8, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070321212405/http://www.imdb.com/news/sb/2006-04-04 |archive-date = March 21, 2007 }}</ref>

===Sales of guns and ammunition===
Walmart stopped selling handguns in all U.S. states, except for [[Alaska]], in 1993.<ref name="Bhattarai">Abha Bhattarai, [https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/09/03/status-quo-is-unacceptable-walmart-will-stop-selling-some-ammunition-exit-handgun-market/ 'The status quo is unacceptable': Walmart will stop selling some ammunition and exit the handgun market] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119115916/https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/09/03/status-quo-is-unacceptable-walmart-will-stop-selling-some-ammunition-exit-handgun-market/ |date=November 19, 2020 }}, ''The Washington Post'' (September 3, 2019).</ref>

In 2018, Walmart stopped selling guns and ammunition to persons younger than 21, following a similar move by [[Dick's Sporting Goods]] on the same day.<ref name="Curbs">{{Cite web|url=https://www.npr.org/2019/09/03/757170753/walmart-curbs-ammunition-sales-calls-for-stronger-background-checks|title=Walmart Curbs Ammunition Sales, Calls For Stronger Background Checks|work=Morning Edition|publisher=NPR|date=September 4, 2019|access-date=September 4, 2019|archive-date=October 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024073658/https://www.npr.org/2019/09/03/757170753/walmart-curbs-ammunition-sales-calls-for-stronger-background-checks|url-status=live}}</ref> In the same year, Walmart stopped selling [[Assault weapon|military-style rifles]] that were commonly used in [[Mass shootings in the United States|mass shootings]].<ref name="Bhattarai"/>

As of 2019, Walmart was a major retailer of firearms and ammunition.<ref name="Corkery">Michael Corkery, [https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/business/walmart-guns-ammunition-sales.html Walmart to Limit Ammunition Sales and Discourage 'Open Carry' of Guns in Stores] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201125030030/https://www.nytimes.com/2019/09/03/business/walmart-guns-ammunition-sales.html |date=November 25, 2020 }}, ''The New York Times'' (September 3, 2019).</ref> In 2019, after 23 people<ref name="NYT23">{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/04/26/business/ap-mass-shooting-texas.html|title=El Paso Shooting Victim Dies Months Later, Death Toll Now 23|work=The New York Times|date=April 26, 2020|access-date=April 26, 2020|archive-date=April 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200427072535/https://www.nytimes.com/aponline/2020/04/26/business/ap-mass-shooting-texas.html|url-status=live}}</ref> were killed in a [[2019 El Paso shooting|mass shooting at a Walmart store in El Paso, Texas]], Walmart announced that it would stop selling all handgun ammunition and certain [[short-barreled rifle]] ammunition.<ref name="Corkery"/> The company also announced that it would stop selling handguns in Alaska, the only state where the company still sold handguns.<ref name="Curbs"/> The move was expected to reduce Walmart's U.S. market share in ammunition from around 20% to around 6–9%.<ref name="Curbs"/> Walmart also stated that it was "respectfully requesting" that customers not [[Open carry in the United States|openly carry]] weapons in Walmart stores, except for authorized law enforcement officers.<ref name="Corkery"/><ref name="Curbs"/>

Following the [[Killing of Walter Wallace|fatal police shooting of Walter Wallace Jr.]] in October 2020, Walmart temporarily removed gun and ammunition displays in thousands of stores across the U.S. from sales floors, grounding their reason in concerns of civil unrest. Company spokesman Kory Lundberg said in a statement that "We have seen some isolated civil unrest and as we have done on several occasions over the last few years, we have moved our firearms and ammunition off the sales floor as a precaution for the safety of our associates and customers." Firearms and ammunition will still be available for purchase on request, but the duration of the removal of both from the sales floor remains undetermined.<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 30, 2020|title=Walmart pulls guns from display over 'civil unrest' concerns|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-54738047|access-date=October 30, 2020|archive-date=November 15, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201115174139/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-54738047|url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Technology ===

==== Open source software ====
Many Walmart technology projects are coded in the open and available through the Walmart Labs [[GitHub]] repository<ref>{{cite web |first1 = Alex |last1 = Grigoryan |url = https://github.com/walmartlabs |website = Github |access-date = November 4, 2016 |title = Walmart Labs – Github |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170104074304/https://github.com/walmartlabs |archive-date = January 4, 2017}}</ref> as [[open-source software]] under the [[Open Source Initiative|OSI approved]] [[Apache License|Apache V2.0 license]]. {{As of|2016|November|post=,}} 141 public GitHub projects are listed.

During a migration of the walmart.com retail platform to [[React (JavaScript library)|Facebook React]] and [[Node.js]], the Electrode<ref>{{cite web |url = http://www.electrode.io/ |access-date = November 4, 2016 |title = Introducing Electrode, an open-source release from @WalmartLabs |quote = Electrode is a platform for building universal React/Node.js applications with standardized structure, best practices, and modern technologies baked in. Electrode focuses on performance, component reusability, and simple deployment to multiple cloud providers—so you can focus on what makes your app unique. |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161104204315/http://www.electrode.io/ |archive-date = November 4, 2016}}</ref> project was created to power the e-commerce platform which serves 80&nbsp;million visitors per month and 15&nbsp;million items.

Alex Grigoryan<ref>{{cite web |last1 = Grigoryan |first1 = Alex |url = https://medium.com/@lexgrigoryan |access-date = November 4, 2016 |title = Alex Grigoryan – Medium |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161104205902/https://medium.com/@lexgrigoryan |archive-date = November 4, 2016}}</ref> of Walmart Labs released a statement<ref>{{cite web |url = https://medium.com/walmartlabs/introducing-electrode-an-open-source-release-from-walmartlabs-14b836135319#.uvbvyrc0s |website = Medium |access-date = November 4, 2016 |title = Introducing Electrode, an open source release from @WalmartLabs |date = October 3, 2016 |quote = In less than one year, Walmart.com has completed its migration to React/Node.js and we are proud of that accomplishment! The goal was to build a new application platform to help @WalmartLabs and its engineers scale for the future. |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20161104205900/https://medium.com/walmartlabs/introducing-electrode-an-open-source-release-from-walmartlabs-14b836135319#.uvbvyrc0s |archive-date = November 4, 2016}}</ref> on Medium.com on October 3, 2016, explaining the details of the applications and the scale that they operate at Walmart.

==== Big data analytics ====
As the largest retailer in the U.S., Walmart collects and analyzes a large amount of consumer data. The [[big data]] sets are [[Data mining|mined]] for use in [[predictive analytics]], which allow the company to optimize operations by predicting customer's habits. Walmart's [[datacenter]] is unofficially referred to as [[Area 71]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.joplinglobe.com/news/local_news/wal-mart-s-data-center-remains-mystery/article_5f088740-04ea-531d-b526-a2cc9862c8aa.html |title=Wal-Mart's data center remains mystery |last=McCoy |first=Max |date=May 28, 2006 |website=The Joplin Globe |publisher=Community Newspaper Holdings |access-date=May 31, 2019 |archive-date=December 17, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201217045422/https://www.joplinglobe.com/news/local_news/wal-mart-s-data-center-remains-mystery/article_5f088740-04ea-531d-b526-a2cc9862c8aa.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In April 2011, Walmart acquired [[Kosmix]] to develop software for analyzing real-time data streams.<ref>Chris V. Nicholson, ''The New York Times''. "[https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/wal-mart-buys-social-media-site-kosmix/ Wal-Mart Buys Social Media Firm Kosmix] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170525042852/https://dealbook.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/wal-mart-buys-social-media-site-kosmix/ |date=May 25, 2017 }}." April 19, 2011. Retrieved December 7, 2016.</ref> In August 2012, Walmart announced its Polaris search engine.<ref>Sarah Perez, TechCrunch. "[https://techcrunch.com/2012/08/30/in-battle-with-amazon-walmart-unveils-polaris-a-semantic-search-engine-for-products/ In Battle With Amazon, Walmart Unveils Polaris, A Semantic Search Engine For Products] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170308134741/https://techcrunch.com/2012/08/30/in-battle-with-amazon-walmart-unveils-polaris-a-semantic-search-engine-for-products/ |date=March 8, 2017 }}." August 30, 2012. Retrieved March 7, 2017.</ref>

The amount of data gathered by Walmart has raised privacy concerns.<ref name="nyt1">{{cite news |last = Hays |first = Constance L. |title = What Wal-Mart Knows About Customers' Habits |url = https://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/14/business/yourmoney/14wal.html |access-date = November 27, 2013 |newspaper = The New York Times |date = November 14, 2004 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131220044349/http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/14/business/yourmoney/14wal.html |archive-date = December 20, 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title = A CASE STUDY OF WALMART |url = http://centerformediajustice.org/wp-content/files/WALMART_PRIVACY_MR.pdf |publisher = [[Center for Media Justice]] |access-date = November 27, 2013 |date = November 2013 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131203005506/http://centerformediajustice.org/wp-content/files/WALMART_PRIVACY_MR.pdf |archive-date = December 3, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last = Berman |first = Jillian |title = Walmart Now Possesses Info On An Estimated 145 Million Americans: Analysis |url = https://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/26/walmart-data_n_4344879.html |work = HuffPost |access-date = November 27, 2013 |date = November 26, 2013 |url-status=live |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131127161035/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/11/26/walmart-data_n_4344879.html |archive-date = November 27, 2013}}</ref>

==== Cash handling ====
in 2016, Walmart began a drive to automate much of the cash handling process. Walmart began replacing employees who count currency by hand with machines that count 8 bills per second and 3,000 coins a minute. The processing machines, located in the back of stores, allow cashiers to process the money for electronic depositing.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Nassauer|first=Sarah|date=July 19, 2017|title=Robots Are Replacing Workers Where You Shop|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/robots-are-replacing-workers-where-you-shop-1500456602|access-date=April 20, 2020|archive-date=November 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201123142221/https://www.wsj.com/articles/robots-are-replacing-workers-where-you-shop-1500456602|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|last=Nassauer|first=Sarah|date=July 1, 2018|title=Target, Walmart Automate More Store Tasks|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/target-walmart-automate-more-store-tasks-1530453600|access-date=April 20, 2020|archive-date=December 26, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201226232619/https://www.wsj.com/articles/target-walmart-automate-more-store-tasks-1530453600|url-status=live}}</ref>