COVID-19 pandemic

=== North America ===
{{Main|COVID-19 pandemic in North America}}

The virus arrived in the [[COVID-19 pandemic in the United States|United States]] on 13 January 2020.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=Second Travel-related Case of 2019 Novel Coronavirus Detected in United States |url=https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2020/p0124-second-travel-coronavirus.html |website=Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |date=18 February 2020}}</ref> Cases were reported in all North American countries after [[COVID-19 pandemic in Saint Kitts and Nevis|Saint Kitts and Nevis]] confirmed a case on 25 March, and in all North American territories after [[COVID-19 pandemic in Bonaire|Bonaire]] confirmed a case on 16 April.<ref name="FirstBonaire_local">{{#invoke:cite web|| url=https://www.infobonaire.com/update-on-coronavirus-covid-19-by-bonaires-lt-governor/| title=Update on Coronavirus (COVID-19) by Bonaire's Lt. Governor InfoBonaire | website=The Bonaire Information Site| date=16 April 2020 |access-date=17 April 2020}}</ref>

[[File:USNS Comfort New York City 2020.jpg|thumb|The hospital ship [[USNS Comfort|USNS ''Comfort'']] arrives in [[Manhattan]] on 30 March 2020.]]
Per ''Our World in Data'', {{COVID-19 data/Text|US|cases}} confirmed cases have been reported in the United States with {{COVID-19 data/Text|US|deaths}} deaths, the most of any country, and [[COVID-19 pandemic death rates by country|the nineteenth-highest]] per capita worldwide.<ref name="JH Mortality">{{#invoke:cite web||url= https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/data/mortality|title=Mortality Analyses|publisher=[[Johns Hopkins University]]|access-date=17 December 2020}}</ref> COVID-19 is the [[List of disasters in the United States by death toll|deadliest pandemic in US history]];<ref>{{#invoke:cite web||date=21 September 2021|title=COVID-19 surpasses 1918 flu as deadliest pandemic in U.S. history|url=https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/covid-19-is-now-the-deadliest-pandemic-in-us-history|access-date=2 October 2021|website=National Geographic}}</ref> it was the third-leading cause of death in the US in 2020, behind heart disease and cancer.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news||url=https://apnews.com/article/us-coronavirus-deaths-top-3-million-e2bc856b6ec45563b84ee2e87ae8d5e7|title=US deaths in 2020 top 3 million, by far most ever counted| vauthors = Stobbe M |date=21 December 2020|access-date=22 December 2020|work=Associated Press }}</ref> From 2019 to 2020, US life expectancy dropped by 3{{nbsp}}years for Hispanic Americans, 2.9{{nbsp}}years for African Americans, and 1.2{{nbsp}}years for white Americans.<ref name=Bosman>{{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/21/us/american-life-expectancy-report.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20211228/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/21/us/american-life-expectancy-report.html |archive-date=28 December 2021 |url-access=limited|title=U.S. Life Expectancy Plunged in 2020, Especially for Black and Hispanic Americans| vauthors = Bosman J, Kasakove S, Victor D |date=21 July 2021|access-date=21 July 2021|work=[[The New York Times]]}}{{cbignore}}</ref> These effects have persisted as US deaths due to COVID-19 in 2021 exceeded those in 2020.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web|| vauthors = Shapiro E, Pereira I, Deliso M |date=6 October 2021|title=COVID-19 live updates: More Americans died of COVID this year than all of 2020|url=https://abcnews.go.com/Health/live-updates/covid-delta-surge/?id=80391228|access-date=6 October 2021|website=ABC News }}</ref> In the United States, COVID-19 vaccines became available under emergency use in December 2020, beginning the [[COVID-19 vaccination in the United States|national vaccination program]]. The first COVID-19 vaccine was officially approved by the [[Food and Drug Administration]] on 23 August 2021.<ref>{{#invoke:cite press release || title=FDA Approves First COVID-19 Vaccine | website=U.S. [[Food and Drug Administration]] (FDA) | date=23 August 2021 | url=https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-covid-19-vaccine | access-date=16 October 2021}}</ref> By 18 November 2022, while cases in the U.S. had declined, COVID variants BQ.1/BQ.1.1 had become dominant in the country.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=COVID variants BQ.1/BQ.1.1 make up nearly half of U.S. cases – CDC |url=https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/covid-variants-bq1bq11-make-up-nearly-half-us-cases-cdc-2022-11-18/ |website=Reuters |access-date=19 November 2022 |date=18 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||date=14 October 2022 |first=Lisa |last=Schnirring |title=US COVID levels decline as new subvariants rise steadily |url=https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2022/10/us-covid-levels-decline-new-subvariants-rise-steadily |website=CIDRAP |access-date=19 November 2022 }}</ref>

In March 2020, as cases of community transmission were confirmed across [[COVID-19 pandemic in Canada|Canada]], all of its provinces and territories declared states of emergency. Provinces and territories, to varying degrees, implemented school and daycare closures, prohibitions on gatherings, closures of non-essential businesses and restrictions on entry. Canada severely restricted its border access, barring travellers from all countries with some exceptions.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web|| vauthors = McQuigge M |date=25 March 2020|title=The Quarantine Act explained, as isolation becomes mandatory for some|url=https://www.ctvnews.ca/health/coronavirus/the-quarantine-act-explained-as-isolation-becomes-mandatory-for-some-1.4868457|access-date=4 April 2021|publisher=CTV News}}</ref> Cases surged across Canada, notably in the provinces of [[COVID-19 pandemic in British Columbia|British Columbia]], [[COVID-19 pandemic in Alberta|Alberta]], [[COVID-19 pandemic in Quebec|Quebec]] and [[COVID-19 pandemic in Ontario|Ontario]], with the formation of the [[Atlantic Bubble]], a [[Travel restrictions related to the COVID-19 pandemic|travel-restricted]] area of the country (formed of the four [[Atlantic Canada|Atlantic provinces]]).<ref>{{#invoke:cite web||url=https://vocm.com/2020/12/23/covid-cases-in-atlantic-bubble-remain-low-as-cases-grow-across-canada/|title=COVID Cases in Atlantic Bubble Remain Low as Cases Grow Across Canada| vauthors = Grimes J }}</ref> Vaccine passports were adopted in all provinces and two of the territories.<ref>{{#invoke:cite news ||url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/newfoundland-labrador/covid-nl-sept-7-2021-1.6166699 |title=Vaccine passports coming, Furey says, as N.L. reports 5 new cases |publisher=CBC News |date=7 September 2021}}</ref><ref>{{#invoke:cite news||url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/03/world/canada/vaccine-passports-protests.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903220325/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/03/world/canada/vaccine-passports-protests.html |archive-date=3 September 2021 |url-access=limited|title=Vaccine Passports Roll Out, and So Do Unruly Anti-Vaccine Protests| vauthors = Austen I |date=3 September 2021|work=The New York Times}}</ref> Per a report on 11 November 2022, Canadian health authorities saw a surge in influenza, while COVID-19 was expected to rise during winter.<ref>{{#invoke:cite web ||title=Canada is seeing an early rise in flu cases. Is a 'tidal wave' of infection coming? |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/early-flu-cases-canada-1.6647860 |website=cbc |access-date=19 November 2022}}</ref>
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