Richard Nixon

== Personality and public image ==
Nixon's career was frequently dogged by his persona and the public's perception of it. Editorial cartoonists and comedians often exaggerated his appearance and mannerisms, to the point where the line between the human and the caricature became increasingly blurred. He was often portrayed with unshaven jowls, slumped shoulders, and a furrowed, sweaty brow.{{sfn|Reeves|pp=281–283}}

[[File:Elvis-nixon.jpg|thumb|Nixon with [[Elvis Presley]] in December 1970: "The President & The King"]]

Nixon had a complex personality, both very secretive and awkward, yet strikingly reflective about himself. He was inclined to distance himself from people and was formal in all aspects, wearing a coat and tie even when home alone.{{sfn|Drew|p=150}} Nixon biographer [[Conrad Black]] described him as being "driven" though also "uneasy with himself in some ways".{{sfn|Black|p=574}} According to Black, Nixon
<blockquote>thought that he was doomed to be traduced, double-crossed, unjustly harassed, misunderstood, underappreciated, and subjected to the trials of [[Job (biblical figure)|Job]], but that by the application of his mighty will, tenacity, and diligence, he would ultimately prevail.{{sfn|Black|p=700}}</blockquote>

[[File:Richard Nixon 1960 Campaign Button.png|thumb|right|1960 campaign button]]

Nixon sometimes drank alcohol to excess, especially during 1970. He also was prescribed sleeping pills. According to [[Ray Price (speechwriter)|Ray Price]], Nixon sometimes took them in together. Nixon also took [[dilantin]], recommended by [[Jack Dreyfus]]. That medicine is usually prescribed to treat and prevent seizures, but in Nixon's case it was for depression. His periodic overindulgences, especially during stressful times such as during [[Apollo 13]], concerned Price and others, including then-advisor Ehrlichman and long-time [[valet]] [[Manolo Sanchez (Nixon staff member)|Manolo Sanchez]].<ref>{{cite web |title=The Year Nixon Fell Apart |url=https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/03/john-farrell-nixon-book-excerpt-214954 |url-status=live |website=[[Politico]] |date=March 26, 2017 |access-date=July 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190607015351/https://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2017/03/john-farrell-nixon-book-excerpt-214954 |archive-date=June 7, 2019}}</ref> Author and former British politician [[David Owen#Selected publications|David Owen]] deemed Nixon an [[alcoholic]].<ref>{{cite web |title=David Owen: Lessons in removing politicians from public office |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/david-owen-lessons-in-removing-politicians-from-public-office-891446.html |url-status=live |website=[[The Independent]] |date=August 12, 2008 |access-date=July 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715193824/https://www.independent.co.uk/voices/commentators/david-owen-lessons-in-removing-politicians-from-public-office-891446.html |archive-date=July 15, 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Boseley |first=Sarah |title=A doctor writes: Politicians' pride is a medical disorder |url=https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/28/politicians-hubris-medical-condition |url-status=live |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=March 28, 2009 |access-date=July 15, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190715195739/https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2009/mar/28/politicians-hubris-medical-condition |archive-date=July 15, 2019}}</ref>

Biographer [[Elizabeth Drew]] summarized Nixon as a "smart, talented man, but most peculiar and haunted of presidents".{{sfn|Drew|p=151}} In his account of the Nixon presidency, author [[Richard Reeves (American writer)|Richard Reeves]] described Nixon as "a strange man of uncomfortable shyness, who functioned best alone with his thoughts".{{sfn|Reeves|p=12}} Nixon's presidency was doomed by his personality, Reeves argues:
<blockquote>He assumed the worst in people and he brought out the worst in them&nbsp;... He clung to the idea of being "tough". He thought that was what had brought him to the edge of greatness. But that was what betrayed him. He could not open himself to other men and he could not open himself to greatness.{{sfn|Reeves|p=13}}</blockquote>

In October 1999, a volume of 1971 White House audio tapes was released which contained multiple statements by Nixon deemed derogatory toward Jews.<ref>[http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/daily/oct99/nixon6.htm "New tapes reveal depth of Nixon's anti-Semitism"]. ''[[The Washington Post]]'', October 6, 1999. Retrieved on April 4, 2011.</ref> In one conversation with [[H. R. Haldeman]], Nixon said that Washington was "full of Jews" and that "most Jews are disloyal", making exceptions for some of his top aides.<ref name="Noah"/> He then added, "But, Bob, generally speaking, you can't trust the bastards. They turn on you. Am I wrong or right?"<ref name=Noah>[[Timothy Noah|Noah, Timothy]]. [http://www.slate.com/id/1003783 "Nixon: I Am Not an Anti-Semite"]. [[Slate (magazine)|''Slate'']], October 7, 1999. Retrieved on July 17, 2011.</ref> Elsewhere on the 1971 recordings, Nixon denies being antisemitic, saying, "If anybody who's been in this chair ever had reason to be antisemitic, I did&nbsp;... And I'm not, you know what I mean?"<ref name="Noah"/>

Nixon believed that putting distance between himself and other people was necessary for him as he advanced in his political career and became president. Even [[Bebe Rebozo]], by some accounts his closest friend, did not call him by his first name. Nixon said of this,
<blockquote>Even with close friends, I don't believe in letting your hair down, confiding this and that and the other thing—saying, "Gee, I couldn't sleep&nbsp;..." I believe you should keep your troubles to yourself. That's just the way I am. Some people are different. Some people think it's good therapy to sit with a close friend and, you know, just spill your guts&nbsp;... [and] reveal their inner psyche—whether they were breast-fed or bottle-fed. Not me. No way.{{sfn|Greene}}</blockquote>
When Nixon was told that most Americans felt they did not know him even at the end of his career, he replied, "Yeah, it's true. And it's not necessary for them to know."{{sfn|Greene}}<!-- Also printed in ''Chicago Tribute'' with fee for article [http://pqasb.pqarchiver.com/chicagotribune/access/111527613.html?dids=111527613:111527613&FMT=ABS&FMTS=ABS:FT&type=current&date=Mar+26%2C+2002&author=Bob+Greene&pub=Chicago+Tribune&desc=What+Nixon's+best+friend+couldn't+buy&pqatl=google here] -->
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