Civil rights movement

=== Legacy ===
Civil rights protest activity had an observable impact on white American's views on race and politics over time.<ref name="mazumdar"/> White people who live in counties in which civil rights protests of historical significance occurred have been found to have lower levels of racial resentment against blacks, are more likely to identify with the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] as well as more likely to support [[affirmative action]].<ref name="mazumdar">{{Cite journal|last=Mazumder|first=Soumyajit|date=August 30, 2018|title=The Persistent Effect of U.S. Civil Rights Protests on Political Attitudes|journal=American Journal of Political Science|volume=62|issue=4|pages=922–935|language=en|doi=10.1111/ajps.12384|s2cid=158718227|issn=0092-5853|url=http://osf.io/uvm2a/}}</ref>

One study found that non-violent activism of the era tended to produce favorable media coverage and changes in public opinion focusing on the issues organizers were raising, but violent protests tended to generate unfavorable media coverage that generated public desire to restore law and order.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.omarwasow.com/Protests_on_Voting.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150910075753/http://www.omarwasow.com/Protests_on_Voting.pdf |archive-date=2015-09-10 |url-status=live |title=Agenda Seeding: How 1960s Black Protests Moved Elites, Public Opinion and Voting |author=[[Omar Wasow]] |access-date=January 12, 2021}}</ref>

The 1964 Act was passed to end discrimination in various fields based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin in the areas of employment and public accommodation.<ref>Section 703(a)(1), Civil Rights Act of 1964, Pub. L. No. 88-352, 78 Stat. 241, 255 (July 2, 1964).</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act|title=The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission|date=August 15, 2016|work=National Archives|access-date=October 20, 2017|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171020043707/https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/civil-rights-act|archive-date=October 20, 2017}}</ref> The 1964 Act did not prohibit sex discrimination against persons employed at educational institutions. A parallel law, Title VI, had also been enacted in 1964 to prohibit discrimination in federally funded private and public entities. It covered race, color, and national origin but excluded sex. Feminists during the early 1970s lobbied Congress to add sex as a protected class category. In 1972, [[Title IX]] was enacted to fill this gap and prohibit discrimination in all federally funded education programs. Title IX, or the [[Education Amendments of 1972]] was later renamed the ''[[Patsy T. Mink]] Equal Opportunity in Education Act'' following Mink's death in 2002.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.congress.gov/bill/107th-congress/house-joint-resolution/113|title=H.J.Res.113 – 107th Congress (2001–2002): Recognizing the contributions of Patsy Takemoto Mink.|last=Miller|first=George|date=October 29, 2002|website=www.congress.gov|access-date=March 30, 2020}}</ref>