Ontario Warning: You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you log in or create an account, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.Anti-spam check. Do not fill this in! == Transportation == Transportation in Ontario is under the purview of the [[Ministry of Transportation of Ontario]] and [[Transport Canada]]. Infrastructure and laws relating to road transport is the responsibility of the Ministry of Transportation, while infrastructure and laws relating to air, rail and marine transport is the responsibility of Transport Canada.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2023-07-28 |title=Transport Canada |url=https://tc.canada.ca/en |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=[[Transport Canada]] |archive-date=October 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007231811/https://tc.canada.ca/en |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Ministry of Transportation {{!}} ontario.ca |url=http://www.ontario.ca/page/ministry-transportation |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=www.ontario.ca |archive-date=October 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007152133/https://www.ontario.ca/page/ministry-transportation |url-status=live }}</ref> === Air travel === [[File:Toronto Pearson International Airport - panoramio.jpg|thumb|[[Airport apron]] of Pearson Airport, Canada's busiest airport. Control tower visible in background.]] {{As of|October 2023}}, there are two [[Transport Canada]] designated [[List of international airports in Canada|international airports in Ontari]]o<ref name=TCAC>{{cite web|url=https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/reference-centre/advisory-circulars/advisory-circular-ac-no-302-032#toc55 |title=Advisory Circular (AC) No. 302-032 - Subject: Designation of International Airports in Canada|publisher=[[Transport Canada]]|access-date=October 7, 2023|date=August 22, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230629134943/https://tc.canada.ca/en/aviation/reference-centre/advisory-circulars/advisory-circular-ac-no-302-032 |archive-date=June 29, 2023|url-status=live}}</ref> They are [[Toronto Pearson International Airport]], the [[List of the busiest airports in Canada|busiest airport in Canada]],<ref name="busy">{{cite web |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/230728/t001c-eng.htm |title=Table 1 Passengers enplaned and deplaned at the top four Canadian airports|date=July 28, 2023 |publisher=[[Statistics Canada]]|access-date=October 7, 2023 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007153309/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/230728/t001c-eng.htm |archive-date=October 7, 2023}}</ref> handling almost 35 million passengers in 2022<ref name="move"/> and [[Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport]], Ontario's second largest airport, handling over 2.5 million passengers in 2022.<ref name="move">{{Cite web|url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=2310025301&cubeTimeFrame.startYear=2021&cubeTimeFrame.endYear=2022&referencePeriods=20210101%2C20220101 |title=Air passenger traffic at Canadian airports, annual|date=July 28, 2023|access-date=October 7, 2023|publisher=Statistics Canada |archive-date=October 7, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007154616/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=2310025301&cubeTimeFrame.startYear=2021&cubeTimeFrame.endYear=2022&referencePeriods=20210101%2C20220101 |url-status=live }}</ref> In addition to airports in Ottawa, and Toronto, the province also operates 11 other [[Port of entry#Airport of entry|airports of entry]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/do-rb/services/aoe-eng.html |title=Directory of CBSA Offices and Services, Airport of Entry (AOE) |date=September 29, 2023 |access-date=October 7, 2023 |website=[[Canadian Border Services Agency]] |archive-date=May 22, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230522220400/https://www.cbsa-asfc.gc.ca/do-rb/services/aoe-eng.html |url-status=live }}</ref> A number of Ontario cities also have regional airports,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Transportation |url=https://www.destinationontario.com/en-ca/travel-resources/transportation |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=Destination Ontario |archive-date=October 7, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007182637/https://www.destinationontario.com/en-ca/travel-resources/transportation |url-status=live }}</ref> many of which have scheduled commuter flights from [[Air Canada Jazz|Jazz Aviation]] or smaller airlines and charter companies – flights from mid-size cities such as [[Greater Sudbury|Sudbury]] and [[Sault Ste. Marie, Ontario|Sault Ste. Marie]], to larger airports in Toronto and Ottawa.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.saultstar.com/2015/02/28/tsb-probes-sault-landing | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150321184613/http://www.saultstar.com/2015/02/28/tsb-probes-sault-landing | url-status=dead | archive-date=21 March 2015 | title=TSB probes Sault landing | publisher=[[Sault Star]] | date=28 February 2015 | access-date=2015-04-06 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/air-canada-jazz-fuel-tanker-truck-pearson-collision-1.5130624|title=Air Canada plane, fuel tanker truck collide at Pearson|access-date=October 6, 2023|archive-date=May 10, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510135045/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/toronto/air-canada-jazz-fuel-tanker-truck-pearson-collision-1.5130624|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Bearskin Airlines]] also runs flights along the northerly east–west route, connecting North Bay, Sudbury, Sault Ste. Marie, and Thunder Bay directly.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bearskin Airlines - Route Map |url=https://www.bearskinairlines.com/article/route-map-262.asp |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=www.bearskinairlines.com |archive-date=May 30, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230530234554/https://www.bearskinairlines.com/article/route-map-262.asp |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Remote and isolated community|Remote and isolated towns and settlements]] in the northern areas of the province rely partly or entirely on [[airline|air service]] for travel, goods, and even [[air ambulance|ambulance]] services ([[Medical evacuation|MEDIVAC]]), since much of the far northern area of the province cannot be reached by road (or by year-round road) or rail.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Connecting the North: A Draft Transportation Plan for Northern Ontario {{!}} ontario.ca |url=http://www.ontario.ca/page/connecting-north-draft-transportation-plan-northern-ontario |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=www.ontario.ca |archive-date=May 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230523163654/https://www.ontario.ca/page/connecting-north-draft-transportation-plan-northern-ontario |url-status=live }}</ref> === Railways === [[File:VIA Rail Belleville 0002.jpg|thumb |A Via Rail train approaching [[Belleville station (Ontario)|Belleville station]]]] [[Via Rail]] operates the inter-regional passenger train service on the [[Quebec City–Windsor Corridor (Via Rail)|Quebec City–Windsor Corridor]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Québec City – Windsor Corridor |url=https://www.viarail.ca/sites/all/files/media/pdfs/schedules/summer2020/06-07_Quebec-SainteFoy-Montreal-Ottawa.pdf |access-date=October 5, 2023 |website=[[Via Rail]] |archive-date=February 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200227150132/https://www.viarail.ca/sites/all/files/media/pdfs/schedules/summer2020/06-07_Quebec-SainteFoy-Montreal-Ottawa.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> along with ''[[The Canadian]]'', a transcontinental rail service from Southern Ontario to [[Vancouver]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=VIA Rail Canada: Toronto & Vancouver train trip |url=https://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/trains/rockies-and-pacific/toronto-vancouver-canadian |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=VIA Rail |archive-date=August 14, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220814173448/https://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/trains/rockies-and-pacific/toronto-vancouver-canadian |url-status=live }}</ref> and the [[Sudbury–White River train]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sudbury-White River train – Overview |url=https://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/trains/regional-trains/sudbury-white-river |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=VIA Rail |archive-date=August 23, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230823014917/https://www.viarail.ca/en/explore-our-destinations/trains/regional-trains/sudbury-white-river |url-status=live }}</ref> Additionally, [[Amtrak]] rail connects Ontario with key New York cities including [[Buffalo, New York|Buffalo]], [[Albany, New York|Albany]], and [[New York City]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Maple Leaf Train {{!}} Amtrak |url=https://www.amtrak.com/maple-leaf-train |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=www.amtrak.com |archive-date=August 11, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230811134501/https://www.amtrak.com/maple-leaf-train |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Ontario Northland Railway|Ontario Northland]] provides rail service to destinations as far north as [[Moosonee]] near [[James Bay]], connecting them with the south.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=John |date=2017-12-28 |title=Ontario Northland: Through timber to tidewater |url=https://www.railwayage.com/news/ontario-northland-through-timber-to-tidewater/ |access-date=2023-10-05 |website=Railway Age |archive-date=March 29, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230329134652/https://www.railwayage.com/news/ontario-northland-through-timber-to-tidewater/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Regional [[commuter rail]] is limited to the provincially owned [[GO Transit]], and serves a train-bus network spanning the Golden Horseshoe region, with [[Union Station (Toronto)|Union Station]] in Toronto serving as the [[transport hub]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Vanderveen|first=Cale|date=April 2, 2015|title=Metrolinx Preparing For Massive GO Transit Service Expansion|work=Urban Toronto|url=https://urbantoronto.ca/news/2015/04/metrolinx-preparing-massive-go-transit-service-expansion|access-date=September 11, 2020|archive-date=February 27, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210227092933/https://urbantoronto.ca/news/2015/04/metrolinx-preparing-massive-go-transit-service-expansion|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Union Station: History, Facts, & Map|url=https://www.gotransit.com/en/stations-stops-parking/union-station-history-facts-map|access-date=September 11, 2020|website=GO Transit|archive-date=September 20, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920234851/https://www.gotransit.com/en/stations-stops-parking/union-station-history-facts-map|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Rail freight transport|Freight rail]] is dominated by the founding cross-country [[Canadian National Railway]] and [[Canadian Pacific Kansas City]] (formerly [[Canadian Pacific Railway|CP Rail]]) companies.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |title=Rail Transportation |url=https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/transparency/corporate-management-reporting/transportation-canada-annual-reports/transportation-canada-2011/rail-transportation |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=[[Transport Canada]] |archive-date=June 26, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230626224947/https://tc.canada.ca/en/corporate-services/transparency/corporate-management-reporting/transportation-canada-annual-reports/transportation-canada-2011/rail-transportation |url-status=live }}</ref> As of 2021, there are 19,979 km of railways in operation.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= June 27, 2018|title=Railway industry length of track operated at the end of the year by area, by company |url=https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=2310005201 |archive-date=February 21, 2023 |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=[[Statistics Canada]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230221055744/https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/t1/tbl1/en/tv.action?pid=2310005201 |url-status=live }}</ref> There are several city rail-transit systems in the Province. The [[Toronto Transit Commission]] operates [[Toronto subway|subway]]s, as well as [[Toronto streetcar system|streetcar]]s (being one of the busiest streetcar systems in North America). [[OC Transpo]] operates a [[O-Train|light rail]] metro system in Ottawa.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Wanek-Libman|first=Mischa|date=September 16, 2020|title=Ottawa shows it's ready for rail with Confederation Line opening|work=Mass Transit|url=https://www.masstransitmag.com/rail/article/21105657/ottawa-shows-its-ready-for-rail-with-confederation-line-opening|access-date=September 11, 2020|archive-date=April 11, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210411011937/https://www.masstransitmag.com/rail/article/21105657/ottawa-shows-its-ready-for-rail-with-confederation-line-opening|url-status=live}}</ref> In addition, [[Regional Municipality of Waterloo|Waterloo region]] operates a surface [[light rail]] system called [[Ion rapid transit|Ion]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=October 18, 2019|title=More than 1 million boardings on ION trains since launch: Report|work=CBC News|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/ion-train-boarding-numbers-report-1.5324341|access-date=September 11, 2020|archive-date=September 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200929023208/https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/ion-train-boarding-numbers-report-1.5324341|url-status=live}}</ref> Construction on light rail lines, such as the [[Hurontario LRT]], are also underway in the [[Regional Municipality of Peel]], and are expected to be completed by late 2024.<ref>{{Cite news|last=News Review Media E.D.D.|date=October 29, 2019|title=Hurontario Light Rail Transit construction on track to begin next year|work=Peel Region Review|url=https://peelregionreview.com/hurontario-light-rail-transit-construction-on-track-to-begin-next-year/|access-date=September 11, 2020|archive-date=September 24, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200924222441/https://peelregionreview.com/hurontario-light-rail-transit-construction-on-track-to-begin-next-year/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.metrolinx.com/en/greaterregion/projects/hurontario-lrt.aspx |title=Huronontario LRT: Expected Completion: fall 2024 |website=metrolinx.com |access-date=June 21, 2021 |archive-date=June 18, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210618044242/http://www.metrolinx.com/en/greaterregion/projects/hurontario-lrt.aspx |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Cornwell |first=Steve |date=2022-10-30 |title=$4.6B Mississauga and Brampton LRT still 'on track' for 2024 opening target amid Eglinton Crosstown delay |url=https://www.mississauga.com/news/4-6b-mississauga-and-brampton-lrt-still-on-track-for-2024-opening-target-amid-eglinton/article_54296004-6807-5f5c-bc6e-166f8f887e72.html |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=Mississauga.com }}</ref> {{wide image|Ontario Northland train crosses the Missinaibi River at Mattice-Val Côté, Ontario.jpg|880px|alt=[[Ontario Northland Railway|Ontario Northland]] freight train crossing the [[Missinaibi River]] at [[Mattice-Val Côté]] in [[Northern Ontario]]|[[Ontario Northland Railway|Ontario Northland]] freight train crossing the [[Missinaibi River]] at [[Mattice-Val Côté]] in [[Northern Ontario]]}} === Roads === {{Main|Roads in Ontario}} [[File:Highway 400 Seguin.jpg|thumb|[[Ontario Highway 400|Highway 400]] in [[Seguin, Ontario|Seguin]]. The roadway forms a part of the province's [[400-series highway]]s.]] [[400-series highways]] make up the primary vehicular network in the south of province, and they connect at a number of points to border crossings to the [[United States]], and [[Quebec]], the busiest being the [[Detroit–Windsor Tunnel]] and [[Ambassador Bridge]] and the [[Blue Water Bridge]] (via [[Ontario Highway 402|Highway 402]]). Some of the primary highways along the southern route are [[Ontario Highway 401|Highway 401]], [[Ontario Highway 417|Highway 417]], and [[Ontario Highway 400|Highway 400]],<ref name=Ontario>{{cite web |title=Ontario government investing $401 million to upgrade Highway 401 |url=http://ogov.newswire.ca/ontario/GPOE/2002/08/06/c0057.html?lmatch=&lang=_e.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070914064434/http://ogov.newswire.ca/ontario/GPOE/2002/08/06/c0057.html?lmatch=&lang=_e.html |archive-date=September 14, 2007 |access-date=December 20, 2006 |date=August 6, 2002 |author=Ministry of Transportation (Ontario)}}</ref><ref name=Highway>{{cite web |url=http://www.urbanplanet.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=3459 |title = GTA Economy Dinged by Every Crash on the 401 – North America's Busiest Freeway |author = Brian Gray |publisher = [[Toronto Sun]], transcribed at Urban Planet |date = April 10, 2004 |access-date = March 18, 2007 |quote = The 'phenomenal' number of vehicles on Hwy. 401 as it cuts through Toronto makes it the busiest freeway in the world... |archive-date = December 27, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091227131438/http://www.urbanplanet.org/forums/index.php?showtopic=3459 |url-status = live }}</ref> Highway 401 being the busiest highway in North America.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Clark |first=Andrew |date=2023-04-28 |title=The defining characteristic of Ontario's 400-series highways is immense boredom punctuated by sudden fear |work=The Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/drive/mobility/article-the-defining-characteristic-of-ontarios-400-series-highways-is-immense/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |archive-date=June 3, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230603054624/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/drive/mobility/article-the-defining-characteristic-of-ontarios-400-series-highways-is-immense/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Other [[List of provincial highways in Ontario|provincial highways]] and regional roads inter-connect the remainder of the province, and the [[Trans-Canada Highway]] connects the province to the rest of the country.<ref>{{cite report |title = Draft Technical Backgrounder: Highways and Roads |author = IBI Group |publisher = Ministry of Transportation of Ontario |date = November 2016 |page = 7 |url = https://northernontariommts.files.wordpress.com/2016/11/ttr_hwys_techbackgrounder_draft-2016-11-29.pdf |access-date = March 9, 2021 |archive-date = December 11, 2020 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20201211210949/https://northernontariommts.files.wordpress.com/2016/11/ttr_hwys_techbackgrounder_draft-2016-11-29.pdf |url-status = live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Trans-Canada Highway |url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/trans-canada-highway |access-date=2023-10-06 |website=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca |archive-date=August 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230825191032/https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/trans-canada-highway |url-status=live }}</ref> === Waterways === {{see also|Boat building industry in Ontario}} The [[Saint Lawrence Seaway]], which extends across most of the southern portion of the province and connects to the Atlantic Ocean, is the primary water transportation route for cargo, particularly [[iron ore]] and grain.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rodrigue |first=Jean-Paul |date=2018-02-03 |title=B.20 – The St. Lawrence Seaway and Regional Development {{!}} The Geography of Transport Systems |url=https://transportgeography.org/contents/applications/saint-lawrence-seaway-development/ |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=transportgeography.org |archive-date=June 10, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230610001559/https://transportgeography.org/contents/applications/saint-lawrence-seaway-development/ |url-status=live }}</ref> In the past, the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence River were also a major passenger transportation route, but over the past half century passenger travel has been reduced to ferry services and sightseeing cruises.{{citation needed|date=October 2023}} Ontario's three largest ports{{notetag|As of 2011, domestic and international tonnage}} are the [[Hamilton-Oshawa Port Authority|Port of Hamilton]], [[Thunder Bay Port Authority|Port of Thunder Bay]] and the Port of Nanticoke.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2019-02-08 |title=Table 11-4a: Top 20 Canadian Water Ports by Tonnage (Domestic and International) – 2011 |url=https://www144.statcan.gc.ca/nats-stna/tables-tableaux/tbl11-4a/tbl11-4a-CAN-eng.htm |access-date=2023-10-04 |website=[[Statistics Canada]] |archive-date=May 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230524041749/https://www144.statcan.gc.ca/nats-stna/tables-tableaux/tbl11-4a/tbl11-4a-CAN-eng.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Ontario's only saltwater port is located in the town of [[Moosonee]] on [[James Bay]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ontario.ca/en/about_ontario/004660.html|title=About Ontario: Moosonee|publisher=Queen's Printer for Ontario|access-date=2010-12-22|archive-date=2012-10-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018002148/http://www.ontario.ca/en/about_ontario/004660.html}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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