Jacob Zuma

==== Contempt of court ====
{{Main|Jacob Zuma contempt of court}}
[[File:Raymond Zondo.png|thumb|210x210px|Zuma clashed with the [[Zondo Commission]] chairperson, Deputy Chief Justice [[Ray Zondo|Raymond Zondo]]]]
In early December, the commission issued summonses for Zuma to appear before it in the weeks of 18 January and 15 February 2021 and applied to the [[Constitutional Court of South Africa|Constitutional Court]] for an order compelling Zuma to comply with the summonses,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Quintal|first=Genevieve|date=2020-12-04|title=Zondo sets down new dates for Zuma to appear at commission|url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/national/2020-12-04-zondo-sets-down-new-dates-for-zuma-to-appear-at-commission/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Business Day|language=en-ZA}}</ref> which was granted on 28 January.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nicolson|first=Greg|date=2021-01-28|title=Final order: ConCourt rules Jacob Zuma must appear and answer questions at Zondo Commission|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-01-28-final-order-concourt-rules-jacob-zuma-must-appear-and-answer-questions-at-zondo-commission/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Daily Maverick|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last=Cele|first=S'thembile|date=28 January 2021|title=South African Court Rules Zuma Must Testify at Graft Inquiry|work=Bloomberg|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2021-01-28/south-african-court-rules-zuma-must-testify-at-graft-inquiry|access-date=31 January 2021}}</ref> When Zuma did not comply with the February summons, in open defiance of the court order, the commission approached the Constitutional Court and asked it to sentence Zuma to two years' imprisonment for [[contempt of court]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Nicolson|first=Greg|date=2021-03-25|title=Zuma and the ConCourt: The punishing of the ex-president could lead to the making of a martyr|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2021-03-25-zuma-and-the-concourt-the-punishing-of-the-ex-president-could-lead-to-the-making-of-a-martyr/|access-date=2022-01-13|website=Daily Maverick|language=en}}</ref> Zuma refused to participate in the contempt proceedings, although he complained of bias, and on 29 June 2021 he was sentenced to 15 months' imprisonment.<ref>{{Cite news|last1=Eligon|first1=John|last2=Chutel|first2=Lynsey|date=2021-06-29|title=South African Court Orders Arrest of Ex-President Jacob Zuma for Contempt|language=en-US|work=[[The New York Times]]|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/29/world/africa/jacob-zuma-prison.html|access-date=2022-01-13|issn=0362-4331}}</ref>
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