Thomas the Apostle

== References ==
===Notes===
{{notelist}}

===Citations===
{{Reflist
|refs =

<ref name=EcclHist_I.13>{{cite wikisource|author=Eusebius|wslink=Nicene and Post-Nicene Father: Series II/Volume I/Church History of Eusebius|chapter=Book I/Chapter 13|title=Church History |date=1885|at=§4}}</ref>

<ref name=EcclHist_III.1>{{cite wikisource|author=Eusebius|wslink=Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume I/Church History of Eusebius|chapter=Book III/Chapter 1|title=Church History |date=1885|at=§1}}</ref>

<ref name=EcclHist_III.1s2>{{cite wikisource|author=Eusebius|wslink=Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Series II/Volume I/Church History of Eusebius|chapter=Book III/Chapter 1|title=Church History |date=1885|at=§2}}</ref>

<ref name="latin mass soc">{{cite web |url = http://www.lms.org.uk/find-a-mass/liturgical-calendar-2012#Dec |title=Liturgical Calendar: December' |website = Latin-mass-society.org |access-date=25 April 2010 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20120205023737/http://www.lms.org.uk/find-a-mass/liturgical-calendar-2012#Dec |archive-date=5 February 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

<ref name="commonprayer.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.commonprayer.org/calend/propers/s_thom.cfm |title=Propers for St. Thomas the Apostle |publisher=Commonprayer.org |access-date=25 April 2010 |archive-date=28 February 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060228235506/http://commonprayer.org/calend/propers/s_thom.cfm |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="ccel">{{cite web |url=http://www.ccel.org/fathers2/ANF-08/anf08-111.htm#P8673_2825546 |title=The Passing of Mary |website=Ccel.org |date=1 June 2005 |access-date=25 April 2010 |archive-date=17 May 2008 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517110903/http://ccel.org/fathers2/ANF-08/anf08-111.htm#P8673_2825546 |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles">{{harvnb|Wright|1871|p=}}; Rev. Paul Bedjan, Acta Martyrum et Sanctorum, Vol.&nbsp;III, Leipsic-Paris, 1892.{{harvnb|Medlycott|1905|pp=221–225|loc= Appendix}}. Also in The Nazranies, Ed. G. Menachery, Ollur, 1998.</ref>

<ref name="Patrologia Graeca">Patrologia Graeca (Migne), 19–24., 20.215.</ref>

<!--<ref name="ocafs.oca.org1">[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102885 Holy, Glorious Apostle Thomas] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081012132754/http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?SID=4&ID=1&FSID=102885 |date=12 October 2008 }} Orthodox [[icon]] and [[synaxarion]] for 6 October</ref>-->

<ref name="ocafs.oca.org2">[http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?FSID=148985 Icon of the Mother of God, Arapet (Arabian)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080101021051/http://ocafs.oca.org/FeastSaintsViewer.asp?FSID=148985 |date=1 January 2008 }} Orthodox icon and synaxarion for 6 September</ref>

<ref name="stthoma">{{Cite web |url=http://stthoma.com/ |title=About Thomas The Apostle |access-date=2 December 2017 |archive-date=8 February 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110208073816/http://stthoma.com/ |url-status=bot: unknown }}</ref>

<ref name="st-takla.org">{{Cite web |title=The martyrdom of Thomas the Apostle The Day of Sinxar, on the 26th of Bashnas, the month of Bashnas, the Coptic month |work=st-takla.org |access-date=24 February 2020 |url=https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/Synaxarium-or-Synaxarion/Saints-Feasts/09-Bashans/26-Bashans-1-Toma.html |language=ar |archive-date=9 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809121716/https://st-takla.org/Full-Free-Coptic-Books/Synaxarium-or-Synaxarion/Saints-Feasts/09-Bashans/26-Bashans-1-Toma.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="theorthodoxchurch.info">{{cite news|author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.-->|date=9 July 2014|title=Holy Relics of Saint Thomas transferred to the Monastery of St Matthew in Nineveh|url=http://theorthodoxchurch.info/blog/news/holy-relics-of-saint-thomas-transferred-to-the-monastery-of-st-matthew-in-nineveh/|work=OCP|access-date=18 May 2018|archive-date=9 August 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809105714/http://theorthodoxchurch.info/blog/news/holy-relics-of-saint-thomas-transferred-to-the-monastery-of-st-matthew-in-nineveh/|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="constom">{{cite web|url=http://www.gnosis.org/library/constom.htm|title=The Consummation of Thomas the Apostle|access-date=10 May 2015|archive-date=21 May 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150521095505/http://gnosis.org/library/constom.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

<!--unused<ref name="catholictradition.org">{{cite web|title = The Life of the Martyred Saint|url = http://www.catholictradition.org/Tradition/apostle-thomas.htm|website = catholictradition.org|access-date = 26 September 2015}}</ref>-->

<ref name="gcatholic.org">{{cite web |url=http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/italy/0164.htm |title=Co-Cathedral Basilica of St. Thomas the Apostle |website=GCatholic.org |access-date=11 January 2015 |archive-date=6 October 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006082325/http://www.gcatholic.org/churches/italy/0164.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>

<ref name="catholic-saints.info">{{cite web|url=http://www.catholic-saints.info/patron-saints/patron-saints-countries.htm|title=Patron Saints of Countries|access-date=10 May 2015|archive-date=1 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140301210804/http://www.catholic-saints.info/patron-saints/patron-saints-countries.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

<ref name="Panjikaran">{{harvnb|Panjikaran|1926|p=99}} esp. for reference to Pantaenus' Indian visit. Reproduced in ICHC I 'The Nazranies", ed. George Menachery 1998, pp.&nbsp;277&nbsp;ff.</ref>

<ref name="bickell">Bickell, S. Ephraemi Syri, Caramina Nisibena, Lipsiae, 1866; Monsignor Lamy, S. Ephraemi Syri Hymni et Sermones, (Quarto 4 vols.); Breviary acc. to the Rite of the Church of Antioch of the Syrians, Mosul, 1886–96. {{harvnb|Medlycott|1905|pp=21–32}} Alias Menachery (Ed.) STCEI, II, pp.&nbsp;18ff.</ref>

<ref name="contra arianos">Homil. XXXII, xi, ''Contra Arianos et de seipso.'' [[Migne]], [[Patrologia Graecae|PG]] 36-228.</ref>

<ref name="20c.42.43">20th Century Discussions : {{harvnb|Medlycott|1905|pp=42–43}}; {{harvnb|Perumalil|1971|pp=43,44}}</ref>

<ref name="migne 140">Migne, P-L 140 1143. (Also see 17. 1131, 17.1133, for his Indian knowledge.)</ref>

<ref name="various">20th Century Discussions : {{harvnb|Medlycott|1905|pp=43–44}}; {{harvnb|Perumalil|1971|pp=44–45}}, Perumalil and Menachery (STCEI I, II), Migne Edns.; Wm. A. Jurgens, Faith of the Early Fathers:etc. History of Christianity-Source Materials by M. K. George, CLS, Madras, 1982 and the Handbook of Source Materials by Wm. G. Young. {{harvnb|Ferroli|1939|pp=71-}}; {{harvnb|Hunt|1920|pp=27, 33, 46–50}}; G.T. Mackenzie, i.c.s., "History of Christianity in Travancore", in The Travancore State Manual, Vol-II, Edited by Nagam Aiya, Trivandrum 1906, pp.&nbsp;135–233; Menachery, STCEI, I, II.</ref>

<ref name="HambyeComes">20th Century Discussions: {{harvnb|Hambye|1952}}; Comes, S. J., "Did St. Thomas Really come to India?", in Menachery (Ed.) STCEI, II.</ref>

<!--
<ref name="TOI2006">{{cite news |last = Ananthakrishnan |first = G. |url = http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/msid-926822,prtpage-1.cms |title=Thomas's visit under doubt |newspaper=Times of India |date=26 December 2006 |access-date=25 April 2010 }}</ref>

<ref name="indianchristianity.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.indianchristianity.com/html/chap4/chapter4a.htm|title=Indian Christianity|access-date=10 May 2015}}</ref>

<ref name="NSC Network2">{{cite web |url = http://nasrani.net/2007/02/13/kerala-syrian-christian-the-tomb-of-the-apostle-persian-church-syond-of-diamper-coonan-cross-oath-divisions/ |title=Kerala Syrian Christian, Apostle in India, The tomb of the Apostle, Persian Church, Syond of Diamper – Coonan Cross Oath, Subsequent divisions and the Nasrani People |date=16 February 2007|publisher=Nasrani Syrian Christians Network|access-date=27 October 2009}}</ref>

<ref name="NSC Network3">{{cite web |url = http://nasrani.net/2009/07/07/the-thomas-christians-by-placid-podipara/ |title='The Thomas Christians' by Placid Podipara |date=7 July 2009 |publisher=Nasrani Syrian Christians Network |access-date=27 October 2009 }}</ref>

<ref name="NSC Network4">{{cite web |url = http://nasrani.net/2008/02/29/analogical-review-on-st-thomas-cross-the-symbol-of-nasranis |title=Analogical review on Saint Thomas Cross- The symbol of Nasranis-Interpretation of the Inscriptions |date=29 February 2008 |publisher=Nasrani Syrian Christians Network |access-date=27 October 2009 }}</ref>

<ref name="early christian">{{cite web |url = http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/actsthomas.html |title=Acts of Thomas |website = Earlychristianwritings.com |date=2 February 2006 |access-date=25 April 2010 }}</ref>

<ref name="Faith">Faith and Character of Apostle Thomas by Dr. [[Matthew Vellanickal]] and many other articles in ''St. Thomas Christian Encyclopaedia'' ed. Prof. George Menachery, Vol.2, 1973.</ref>

-->
}}

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* {{cite CE1913| wstitle = St. Thomas the Apostle | |last=Thurston|first=Herbert}}
*{{Cite book|chapter=Der Apostel Thomas in China. Die Herkunft einer Tradition|language=de|trans-chapter=The Apostle Thomas in China. The origin of a tradition|last=Tubach|first=Jürgen|title=The Harp|volume=8–9|year=1995|pages=397–430|editor1-last=Samuel|editor1-first= V. C. |editor2-last= Panicker|editor2-first= Geevarghese |editor3-last= Thekeparampil|editor3-first=Rev. Jacob|publisher=Gorgias}}
*{{Cite book|last=Vadakkekara|first= Benedict|title=Origin of Christianity in India : a historiographical critique|date=2007|publisher=Media House|isbn=978-81-7495-258-5|location=Delhi|oclc=166255572}}
*{{cite book|first=Franz Wisner|last= von Morgenstern|title=El Dictador del Paraguay: José Gaspar de Francia|language=es|publisher= Instituto Paraguayo Alemán |location= Asunción, Paraguay |date=1998|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A_GuygAACAAJ}}
*{{cite book|editor-first=William |editor-last=Wright|title=Apocryphal Acts of the Apostles: The Syriac texts|url=https://archive.org/details/apocryphalactsa00wriggoog|year=1871|publisher=Williams and Norgate}}
{{refend}}

=== Further reading ===
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book|chapter = [[s:Ælfric's Lives of Saints/Of Saint Thomas the Apostle|Of Saint Thomas the Apostle]]|title = Ælfric's Lives of Saints|year = 1881| publisher = London, Pub. for the Early English text society, by N. Trübner & co.|author=[[Ælfric of Eynsham]]}}
* George Menachery, Ed., ''The Nazranies'', Indian Church History Classics, Vol.1, 1998, esp.books fully reproduced in it by Mackenzie, Medlycott, Farquar& many others.
* {{cite book|author-link=Glenn W. Most|first=Glenn W. |last=Most|title=Doubting Thomas|location= Cambridge, Mass., London|publisher= Harvard University Press|date= 2005}} (a study in the reception of Thomas' story in literature and art).
* {{cite journal|first=Charles|last=Nicholl|url=http://www.lrb.co.uk/v34/n21/charles-nicholl/the-other-thomas|title=The Other Thomas|journal=London Review of Books|volume=34|issue=21|date=8 November 2012|pages=39–43|access-date=16 December 2012|archive-date=10 November 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121110200747/http://www.lrb.co.uk/v34/n21/charles-nicholl/the-other-thomas|url-status=live}}
* {{citation|first1=Pierre |last1=Perrier |first2=Walter|last2= Xavier|title=Thomas Fonde L'église En Chine (65–68 Ap J.-C.)|language=fr|trans-title=Thomas founder of the church in China (65–68 AD)|location=Paris|publisher= Jubilé|date= 2008|isbn=9782866794828}}
*{{cite book|title=The Indian Christians of St. Thomas: Otherwise Called the Syrian Christians|first=William Joseph|last=Richards|date=1908|publisher=Bemrose|location=London|url=https://archive.org/details/indianchristian00richgoog/page/n13/mode/2up}}
{{refend}}