Protestantism

===Other Protestants===
{{Main|List of Christian denominations#Protestant}}
There are many other Protestant denominations that do not fit neatly into the mentioned branches, and are far smaller in membership. Some groups of individuals who hold basic Protestant tenets identify themselves simply as "Christians" or "[[born-again]] Christians". They typically distance themselves from the [[confessionalism (religion)|confessionalism]] or creedalism of other Christian communities<ref>Confessionalism is a term employed by historians to refer to "the creation of fixed identities and systems of beliefs for separate churches which had previously been more fluid in their self-understanding, and which had not begun by seeking separate identities for themselves—they had wanted to be truly Catholic and reformed." (MacCulloch, ''The Reformation: A History'', p. xxiv.)</ref> by calling themselves "[[Non-denominational Christianity|non-denominational]]" or "[[evangelical]]". Often founded by individual pastors, they have little affiliation with historic denominations.<ref name="Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life / U.S. Religious Landscape Survey">{{cite web|url = http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report2religious-landscape-study-appendix3.pdf|title = Classification of Protestant Denominations|publisher = Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life / U.S. Religious Landscape Survey|access-date = 27 September 2009|archive-date = 26 February 2015|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150226092522/http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report2religious-landscape-study-appendix3.pdf|url-status = live}}</ref>

Although [[Unitarianism]] developed from the Protestant Reformation,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/unitarianism/ataglance/glance.shtml|publisher=BBC – Religions|title=Unitarianism: Unitarianism at a glance|access-date=1 August 2017|archive-date=9 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170809050504/http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/unitarianism/ataglance/glance.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref> it is excluded from Protestantism due to its [[Nontrinitarian]] theological nature.<ref name="willsky" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.americanunitarian.org/AUCChristian.htm|title=Unitarian Christianity|website=www.americanunitarian.org|access-date=1 August 2017|archive-date=5 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170805035309/http://americanunitarian.org/AUCChristian.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> Unitarianism has been popular in the [[Transylvania|region of Transylvania]] within today's [[Romania]], England, and the United States.<ref name="willsky" /> It originated almost simultaneously in Transylvania and the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]].

[[Spiritual Christianity]] is the group of Russian movements ([[Doukhobors]] and others), so-called folk Protestants. Their origins are varied: some were influenced by western Protestants, others from disgust of the behavior of official [[Russian Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] priests.<ref>{{cite journal |given=Nikolai |surname=Berdyaev |authorlink=Nikolai Berdyaev |translator=S. Janos |title=Spiritual Christianity and Sectarianism in Russia |journal=Russkaya Mysl ("Russian Thought") |date=1999 |orig-year=1916 |url=http://www.berdyaev.com/berdiaev/berd_lib/1916_252a.html |via=Berdyaev.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |year=2006 |given=Koozma J. |surname=Tarasoff |title=Spirit Wrestlers: Doukhobor Pioneers' Strategies for Living |chapter-url=http://www.spirit-wrestlers.com/excerpts/2006_Doukhobors_Overview.html |chapter=Overview |place=Ottawa |publisher=Legas |isbn=1-896031-12-9}}</ref>

[[Messianic Judaism]] is a movement of the Jews and non-Jews, which arose in the 1960s within Evangelical Protestantism and absorbed elements of the [[Jewish Christian|messianic]] traditions in Judaism.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |editor-surname=Melton |editor-given=J. Gordon |editor-link=J. Gordon Melton |year=2005 |entry=Messianic Judaism |title=Encyclopedia of Protestantism |place=New York |publisher=Facts On File |series=Encyclopedia of World Religions |page=373 |entry-url={{Google books|id=bW3sXBjnokkC|plainurl=y|page=373|keywords=|text=}} |url={{Google books|id=bW3sXBjnokkC|plainurl=y}} |isbn=0-8160-5456-8 |quote="Messianic Judaism is a Protestant movement that emerged in the last half of the 20th century among believers who were ethnically Jewish but had adopted an Evangelical Christian faith.…By the 1960s, a new effort to create a culturally Jewish Protestant Christianity emerged among individuals who began to call themselves Messianic Jews."}}</ref>