Taiwan

===Ethnic groups===
{{Main|Taiwanese people|Han Taiwanese|Han Chinese|Taiwanese indigenous peoples|Plains indigenous peoples}}
The ROC government reports that 95 percent of the population is ethnically [[Han Chinese]].<ref>{{cite web |title=PEOPLE |url=https://www.taiwan.gov.tw/content_2.php |website=Government Portal of the Republic of China (Taiwan) |access-date=21 February 2024 |language=en |date=21 February 2024}}</ref> There are also 2.4 percent indigenous [[Austronesian languages|Austronesian]] peoples and 2.6 percent new immigrants primarily from China and Southeast Asia.<ref>{{cite book|date=October 2021|title=2021–2022 Taiwan at a Glance|url=https://multilingual.mofa.gov.tw/web/web_UTF-8/MOFA/glance2021-2022/2021-2022%20Taiwan%20at%20a%20Glance%20(English).pdf|publisher= Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Republic of China (Taiwan)|page=16|isbn=978-986-5447-31-1}}</ref>

Most [[Han Taiwanese]] are descended from the [[Hoklo people]], native to the coastal regions of southern [[Fujian]], and the [[Hakka people]], native to eastern [[Guangdong]]. Hoklo and Hakka migrants arrived in large numbers during the 17th and 18th century. Descendants of Hoklo now compose approximately 70 percent of Taiwan's population.<ref name="cia-factbook"/> Descendants of Hakka make up about 15 percent of the population. Another minority group, called ''[[waishengren]]'', comprises those who arrived from China during the 1940s or are descended from them.<ref>{{cite book | surname = Yan | given = Margaret Mian | title = Introduction to Chinese Dialectology | publisher = LINCOM Europa | year = 2006 | isbn = 978-3-89586-629-6 | page = 169 }}</ref> Genetic studies indicate that the Hoklo and Hakka people are a mixture between Austronesians and Han people.<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://academic.oup.com/mbe/article/38/10/4149/5955855 |last=Lo |first=Yun-Hua |title=Detecting Genetic Ancestry and Adaptation in the Taiwanese Han People |journal= Molecular Biology and Evolution|volume=38|issue=10 |year=2021|pages=4149–4165 |access-date=18 October 2022|doi=10.1093/molbev/msaa276|pmid=33170928 |pmc=8476137 }} Quote: "Notably, we identified considerable proportions of ISEA ancestry (also carried by many Austronesian-speaking populations in high proportions) in most individuals of Taiwanese Han (average 15%, range 0.1–62%). The mixed ancestries observed in the Taiwanese Han could be attributed to either population mixture or shared ancestry before the divergence of descendent populations."</ref>

[[Taiwanese Indigenous peoples]] number about 584,000, and the government recognises 16 groups.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cip.gov.tw/zh-tw/news/data-list/940F9579765AC6A0/index.html?cumid=940F9579765AC6A0|title=原住民人口數統計資料|website=Council of Indigenous Peoples|date=20 December 2010 |language=zh|access-date=31 January 2023}}</ref> The [[Amis people|Ami]], [[Atayal people|Atayal]], [[Bunun people|Bunun]], [[Kanakanavu people|Kanakanavu]], [[Kavalan people|Kavalan]], [[Paiwan people|Paiwan]], [[Puyuma people|Puyuma]], [[Rukai people|Rukai]], [[Saisiyat people|Saisiyat]], [[Saaroa people|Saaroa]], [[Sakizaya people|Sakizaya]], [[Sediq people|Sediq]], [[Thao people|Thao]], [[Truku people|Truku]] and [[Tsou people|Tsou]] live mostly in the eastern half of the island, while the [[Yami people|Yami]] inhabit [[Orchid Island]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/m1-04.xls |title=Indigenous People |publisher=MOI Statistical Information Service |date=February 2012 |access-date=14 April 2012 |archive-date=20 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620042553/http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/month/m1-04.xls }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=An Overview of Taiwan's Indigenous Groups |url=http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/culture/indigenous/ |publisher=Government Information Office |year=2006 |access-date=14 April 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120411063355/http://www.gio.gov.tw/taiwan-website/5-gp/culture/indigenous/ |archive-date=11 April 2012}}</ref>