Chicago

===Crime===
{{Main|Crime in Chicago|Timeline of organized crime in Chicago}}
[[File:Chicago Police Ford Police Interceptor Utility 7905 (Front left view).jpg|thumb|[[Chicago Police Department]] SUV, 2021]]
Chicago's crime rate in 2020 was 3,926 per 100,000 people.<ref>{{cite web |title=2021 Year End Summary Crime Statistics |url=https://home.chicagopolice.org/statistics-data/crime-statistics/ |publisher=Chicago Police Department |access-date=July 15, 2022 |archive-date=July 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715025318/https://home.chicagopolice.org/statistics-data/crime-statistics/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Chicago experienced major rises in [[violent crime]] in the 1920s, in the late 1960s, and in the 2020s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chicago Police Annual Report 1967 |url=https://portal.chicagopolice.org/portal/page/portal/ClearPath/News/Statistical |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304041413/https://portal.chicagopolice.org/portal/page/portal/ClearPath/News/Statistical%20Reports/Annual%20Reports/1967_AR.pdf |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |access-date=July 26, 2015 |publisher=Chicago Police Department |format=PDF}}</ref><ref name="Chicago Police Annual Report 2017">{{cite web |title=Chicago Police Annual Report 2017 |url=https://home.chicagopolice.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/2017-Annual-Report.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181203184344/https://home.chicagopolice.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/2017-Annual-Report.pdf |archive-date=December 3, 2018 |access-date=December 24, 2018 |website=chicagopolice.org |publisher=Chicago Police Department |page=68}}</ref> Chicago's biggest [[criminal justice]] challenges have changed little over the last 50 years, and statistically reside with homicide, [[armed robbery]], gang violence, and [[aggravated battery]]. Chicago has attracted attention for a high murder rate and perceived crime rate compared to other major cities like New York and Los Angeles. However, while it has a large absolute number of crimes due to its size, Chicago is not among the top-25 most violent cities in the United States.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Monkovic |first1=Toni |last2=Asher |first2=Jeff |date=June 16, 2021 |title=Why People Misperceive Crime Trends (Chicago Is Not the Murder Capital) |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/16/upshot/murder-crime-trends-chicago.html |access-date=July 9, 2023 |issn=0362-4331 |archive-date=April 25, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230425160403/https://www.nytimes.com/2021/06/16/upshot/murder-crime-trends-chicago.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Fieldstadt |first=Elisha |date=February 23, 2022 |title=Highest murder rates in the U.S. - The most deadly cities |url=https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/murder-map-deadliest-u-s-cities/ |access-date=July 9, 2023 |website=CBS News |language=en-US |archive-date=November 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107070825/https://www.cbsnews.com/pictures/murder-map-deadliest-u-s-cities/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Murder rates in Chicago vary greatly depending on the neighborhood in question.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Moser |first=Whet |date=August 14, 2012 |title=Gawker Glosses Chicago's Murder Problem |url=http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/The-312/August-2012/Gawker-Glosses-Chicagos-Murder-Problem/ |url-status=dead |journal=Chicago |publisher=Chicago Tribune Media Group |issue=August 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903085301/http://www.chicagomag.com/Chicago-Magazine/The-312/August-2012/Gawker-Glosses-Chicagos-Murder-Problem/ |archive-date=September 3, 2014 |access-date=August 28, 2014}}</ref> The neighborhoods of [[Englewood, Chicago|Englewood]] on the South Side, and [[Austin, Chicago|Austin]] on the West side, for example, have homicide rates that are ten times higher than other parts of the city.<ref>{{cite news |last=Christensen |first=Jen |date=March 14, 2014 |title=Tackling Chicago's 'crime gap' |publisher=CNN |url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/13/us/chicago-crime-gap/ |access-date=August 28, 2014 |archive-date=August 27, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140827235801/http://www.cnn.com/2014/03/13/us/chicago-crime-gap/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Chicago has an estimated population of over 100,000 active gang members from nearly 60 factions.<ref>{{cite web |title=Chicago Gang Violence: By The Numbers |url=https://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/fullpage/chicago-gang-violence-numbers-17509042 |access-date=December 17, 2015 |website=ABC News |archive-date=December 22, 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151222090102/http://abcnews.go.com/Nightline/fullpage/chicago-gang-violence-numbers-17509042 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=January 26, 2012 |title=Chicago Most Gang-Infested City in U.S., Officials Say |url=http://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/chicago-crime-commision-gang-book-138174334.html |access-date=December 17, 2015 |publisher=NBC Chicago |archive-date=January 2, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102151110/http://www.nbcchicago.com/news/local/chicago-crime-commision-gang-book-138174334.html |url-status=live }}</ref> According to reports in 2013, "most of Chicago's violent crime comes from gangs trying to maintain control of drug-selling territories,"<ref name="bloomberg1">{{cite news |last=Lippert |first=John |date=September 17, 2013 |title=Heroin Pushed on Chicago by Cartel Fueling Gang Murders |publisher=Bloomberg |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-09-17/heroin-pushed-on-chicago-by-cartel-fueling-gang-murders.html |access-date=October 12, 2013 |archive-date=October 6, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131006065328/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-09-17/heroin-pushed-on-chicago-by-cartel-fueling-gang-murders.html |url-status=live }}</ref> and is specifically related to the activities of the [[Sinaloa Cartel]], which is active in several American cities.<ref>{{cite news |author=Morning Edition |date=September 17, 2013 |title=Probing Ties Between Mexican Cartel And Chicago's Violence |newspaper=NPR.org |publisher=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/2013/09/17/223309103/probing-ties-between-mexican-drug-cartel-and-chicagos-violence |access-date=October 12, 2013 |archive-date=October 14, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014124759/http://www.npr.org/2013/09/17/223309103/probing-ties-between-mexican-drug-cartel-and-chicagos-violence |url-status=live }}</ref> Violent crime rates vary significantly by area of the city, with more economically developed areas having low rates, but other sections have much higher rates of crime.<ref name="bloomberg1" /> In 2013, the violent crime rate was 910 per 100,000 people;<ref>{{cite web |title=Rahm Emanuel's performance as Chicago mayor |url=http://www.chicagobusiness.com/section/measuring-rahm-emanuel#rate |access-date=April 20, 2016 |work=Crain's Chicago Business |archive-date=April 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419142049/http://www.chicagobusiness.com/section/measuring-rahm-emanuel#rate |url-status=live }}</ref> the murder rate was 10.4 – while high crime districts saw 38.9, low crime districts saw 2.5 murders per 100,000.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rahm Emanuel's performance as Chicago mayor |url=http://www.chicagobusiness.com/section/measuring-rahm-emanuel#murder |access-date=April 20, 2016 |work=Crain's Chicago Business |archive-date=April 19, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160419142049/http://www.chicagobusiness.com/section/measuring-rahm-emanuel#murder |url-status=live }}</ref>

Chicago has a long history of public [[corruption]] that regularly draws the attention of federal law enforcement and federal prosecutors.<ref>{{cite web |date=February 24, 2012 |title=Chicago's 'hall of shame' |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2012-02-24-ct-met-aldermen-convicted-0224-20120224-story.html |access-date=June 20, 2020 |website=Chicago Tribune |archive-date=June 21, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200621051228/https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2012-02-24-ct-met-aldermen-convicted-0224-20120224-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref> From 2012 to 2019, 33 Chicago alderpersons were convicted on corruption charges, roughly one third of those elected in the time period. A report from the Office of the Legislative Inspector General noted that over half of Chicago's elected alderpersons took illegal campaign contributions in 2013.<ref>{{cite web |author=Austin Berg |date=November 16, 2015 |title=More than half of Chicago aldermen took illegal campaign cash in 2013 &#124; City Limits |url=http://www.chicagonow.com/city-limits/2015/11/more-than-half-of-chicago-aldermen-took-illegal-campaign-cash-in-2013/ |access-date=December 17, 2015 |website=Chicagonow.com |archive-date=May 27, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170527150531/http://www.chicagonow.com/city-limits/2015/11/more-than-half-of-chicago-aldermen-took-illegal-campaign-cash-in-2013/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Most corruption cases in Chicago are prosecuted by the [[US Attorney|U.S. Attorney]]'s office, as legal [[jurisdiction]] makes most offenses punishable as a federal crime.<ref>{{cite web |date=November 13, 2014 |title=Northern District of Illinois – Department of Justice |url=https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndil |access-date=July 9, 2023 |archive-date=June 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230614164719/https://www.justice.gov/usao-ndil |url-status=live }}</ref>