Midland, Texas

== Geography ==
Midland is in the [[Permian Basin (North America)|Permian Basin]] in the [[West Texas]] plains.

According to the [[United States Census Bureau]], the city has an area of 71.5&nbsp;square miles (185.2&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}), of which 71.3&nbsp;square miles (184.7&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}) is land and 0.2&nbsp;square mile (0.5&nbsp;km{{sup|2}}) (0.28%) is water.

=== Climate ===
Midland has a [[desert climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''BSh'' or ''BSk'') with hot summers and cool to mild winters. It occasionally has cold waves during the winter, but rarely sees extended periods of below-freezing cold. Midland receives approximately {{convert|13.5|in|mm}} of precipitation per year, much of which falls in the summer. Highs exceed {{convert|90|°F|0}} on 115 days per year and {{convert|100|°F|0}} on 24 days while lows fall to {{convert|32|°F|0}} or below on 58 days.<ref name = NWS /><ref name = NOWData />

{{Weather box
|location = [[Midland International Airport]], Texas (1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1930–present)
|collapsed =
|single line = Y
|Jan high F = 58.6
|Feb high F = 63.6
|Mar high F = 71.9
|Apr high F = 80.5
|May high F = 88.5
|Jun high F = 95.0
|Jul high F = 95.8
|Aug high F = 94.8
|Sep high F = 87.6
|Oct high F = 79.0
|Nov high F = 67.1
|Dec high F = 59.2
|year high F= 78.5

|Jan mean F = 45.7
|Feb mean F = 50.2
|Mar mean F = 58.0
|Apr mean F = 66.2
|May mean F = 75.4
|Jun mean F = 82.6
|Jul mean F = 84.4
|Aug mean F = 83.2
|Sep mean F = 76.2
|Oct mean F = 66.5
|Nov mean F = 54.3
|Dec mean F = 46.4
|year mean F =

|Jan low F = 32.7
|Feb low F = 36.7
|Mar low F = 44.2
|Apr low F = 51.8
|May low F = 62.2
|Jun low F = 70.3
|Jul low F = 72.9 
|Aug low F = 71.7
|Sep low F = 64.8
|Oct low F = 54.0
|Nov low F = 41.5
|Dec low F = 33.6
|year low F= 53.0
|Jan avg record high F = 77.7
|Feb avg record high F = 81.8
|Mar avg record high F = 88.7
|Apr avg record high F = 94.7
|May avg record high F =101.0
|Jun avg record high F =104.9
|Jul avg record high F =103.2
|Aug avg record high F =102.3
|Sep avg record high F = 98.4
|Oct avg record high F = 92.9
|Nov avg record high F = 83.0
|Dec avg record high F = 77.3
|year avg record high F=107
|Jan avg record low F = 18.2
|Feb avg record low F = 20.1
|Mar avg record low F = 25.3
|Apr avg record low F = 33.5
|May avg record low F = 45.8
|Jun avg record low F = 59.5
|Jul avg record low F = 65.2
|Aug avg record low F = 62.9
|Sep avg record low F = 50.0
|Oct avg record low F = 34.8
|Nov avg record low F = 23.7
|Dec avg record low F = 18.5
|year avg record low F= 13.6
|Jan record high F =  84
|Feb record high F =  92
|Mar record high F =  97
|Apr record high F = 104
|May record high F = 108
|Jun record high F = 116
|Jul record high F = 112
|Aug record high F = 113
|Sep record high F = 107
|Oct record high F = 101
|Nov record high F =  90
|Dec record high F =  85

|Jan record low F =  −8
|Feb record low F = −11
|Mar record low F =   9
|Apr record low F =  20
|May record low F =  32
|Jun record low F =  47
|Jul record low F =  49
|Aug record low F =  52
|Sep record low F =  36
|Oct record low F =  16
|Nov record low F =  10
|Dec record low F =  −1
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation inch = 0.66
|Feb precipitation inch = 0.58
|Mar precipitation inch = 0.68
|Apr precipitation inch = 0.70
|May precipitation inch = 1.57
|Jun precipitation inch = 1.80
|Jul precipitation inch = 1.62
|Aug precipitation inch = 1.72
|Sep precipitation inch = 1.66
|Oct precipitation inch = 1.21
|Nov precipitation inch = 0.72
|Dec precipitation inch = 0.59
|year precipitation inch=13.51
|unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
|Jan precipitation days = 3.6
|Feb precipitation days = 3.4
|Mar precipitation days = 3.6
|Apr precipitation days = 2.7
|May precipitation days = 5.1
|Jun precipitation days = 4.5
|Jul precipitation days = 4.5
|Aug precipitation days = 5.3
|Sep precipitation days = 5.5
|Oct precipitation days = 4.3
|Nov precipitation days = 3.2
|Dec precipitation days = 3.6

|Jul snow inch = 0.0
|Aug snow inch = 0.0
|Sep snow inch = 0.0
|Oct snow inch = 0.0
|Nov snow inch = 0.5
|Dec snow inch = 1.4
|Jan snow inch = 1.6
|Feb snow inch = 0.7
|Mar snow inch = 0.0
|Apr snow inch = 0.1
|May snow inch = 0.0
|Jun snow inch = 0.0
|year snow inch= 
|unit snow days = 0.1 in
|Jul snow days = 0.0
|Aug snow days = 0.0
|Sep snow days = 0.0
|Oct snow days = 0.1
|Nov snow days = 0.3
|Dec snow days = 0.8
|Jan snow days = 1.1
|Feb snow days = 0.7
|Mar snow days = 0.0
|Apr snow days = 0.1
|May snow days = 0.0
|Jun snow days = 0.0

|Jan humidity = 56.6
|Feb humidity = 54.7
|Mar humidity = 46.2
|Apr humidity = 44.9
|May humidity = 50.6
|Jun humidity = 53.1
|Jul humidity = 51.2
|Aug humidity = 53.7
|Sep humidity = 61.2
|Oct humidity = 59.9
|Nov humidity = 58.7
|Dec humidity = 57.6

| Jan dew point C = −4.3
| Feb dew point C = −2.6
| Mar dew point C = -1.0
| Apr dew point C =  2.8
| May dew point C =  8.7
| Jun dew point C = 13.9
| Jul dew point C = 14.9
| Aug dew point C = 15.0
| Sep dew point C = 13.7
| Oct dew point C =  8.2
| Nov dew point C =  1.9
| Dec dew point C = −2.9
|source 1 = National Weather Service / NOAA (relative humidity and dew point 1961&ndash;1990)<ref name = NWS>{{cite web|url=http://www.srh.noaa.gov/maf/?n=cli_maf_records_averages |title=National Weather Service Midland |publisher=Srh.noaa.gov |date=March 7, 2012 |access-date=September 16, 2020}}</ref><ref name = NOWData>{{cite web |url = https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=maf |title = NowData - NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]] |access-date = February 14, 2022}}</ref><ref name = "NOAA txt">{{cite web |url = ftp://ftp.ncdc.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/1981-2010/products/station/USW00023023.normals.txt |title = Station Name: TX MIDLAND INTERNATIONAL AP |publisher = National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration |access-date = September 16, 2020}}</ref><ref name= wmo>{{cite web |url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72265.TXT |title = WMO Climate Normals for MIDLAND/WSO AP TX 1961&ndash;1990 |access-date = September 16, 2020 |publisher = National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration}}</ref>
}}
;Notes: 
{{notelist}}

=== Cityscape ===
{{See also|Category:Buildings and structures in Midland, Texas}}
Nicknamed "The Tall City", Midland has long been known for its downtown skyline. Most of downtown Midland's major office buildings were built during a time of major [[Permian Basin (North America)|Permian Basin]] oil and gas discoveries. The surge in energy prices in the mid-1980s sparked a building boom downtown. For many years, the 22-story [[Wilco building|Wilco Building]] in downtown was the tallest building between [[Fort Worth, Texas|Fort Worth]] and [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]]. Today, the tallest is the 24-story [[Bank of America Building (Midland)|Bank of America Building]], at {{convert|332|ft|m}}. Four buildings over {{convert|500|ft|m}} tall were planned in the 1980s, including one designed by architect [[I.M. Pei]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uwm.edu/SARUP/faculty/cardillo.htm |title=List of Architectural designs, including MGF Building by I. M. Pei |publisher=Uwm.edu |date=April 3, 2012 |access-date=November 16, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100927224155/http://www4.uwm.edu/SARUP/faculty/cardillo.htm |archive-date=September 27, 2010 }}</ref>

The great oil bust of the mid-1980s killed any plans for future skyscrapers. A private development group was planning to build [[Energy Tower (Midland, Texas)|Energy Tower]] at City Center, which was proposed to be 870 feet tall, with 59 floors (six floors underground and 53 above). If it had been built, it would have been Texas's sixth-tallest building.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mywesttexas.com/top_stories/article_ac0f72d2-115e-598d-be9d-cc0d8ed838b6.html|title=Architect: 'Energy Tower starts ripple effect of downtown activity'|date=April 2, 2013}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
!Rank
!Name
!Height<br /><small>ft / m</small>
!Floors
!Year
!class="unsortable"| Notes
|-
|1  || [[Bank of America Building (Midland)|Bank of America Building]] || <span style="display:none">01.0</span>332 /101  || 24 || 1978 || The building has been the tallest building in the city since 1978.<ref name="bofa">{{Cite web|title=Bank of America Building|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?cityID=97|access-date=October 28, 2009|publisher=SkyscraperPage.com}}</ref>
|- 
|2  || [[Wilco building|Wilco Building]] || <span style="display:none">02.0</span>308 / 94 || 22 || 1958 || The Wilco Building was, for many years, the tallest building between [[Fort Worth, Texas|Ft. Worth]] and [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]].  After the Bank of America Building was constructed, the Wilco Building became the second-tallest in the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://skyscraperpage.com/cities/?cityID=97|title=Wilco Building|access-date=October 29, 2009|publisher=SkyscraperPage.com}}</ref>
|-
|3  || [[Centennial Tower (Midland)|Centennial Tower]] || <span style="display:none">02.0</span>191 / 58 || 15 || 1978 || Centennial Tower is located in Centennial Plaza in downtown Midland.  It currently stands as the third-tallest building in the city.  
|-
|4  || [[Independence Plaza]] || <span style="display:none">02.0</span>  || 16 || 1984 || Independence Plaza is a large office building located in the heart of downtown Midland.  It currently stands as the fourth-tallest building in the city.  
|}
<gallery>
File:Midland, TX skyline DSCN1201.JPG|Downtown
File:West Texas National Bank Bldg., Midland DSCN1202.JPG|Summit Building (center) and [[Wilco Building]] (background)
File:Petroleum Bldg., Midland, TX DSCN1174.JPG|[[Petroleum Building (Midland)|Petroleum Building]], with [[Centennial Tower (Midland)|Centennial Tower]] on right
File:Midland, TX, City Hall DSCN1154.JPG|City Hall
File:Basic Energy Services Bldg., Midland, TX DSCN1207.JPG|Kinder Morgan Building
File:Doubletree Hotel, Midland, TX DSCN1180.JPG|Downtown [[Doubletree Hotel]]
File:Yucca Theatre, Midland, TX DSCN1171.JPG|Yucca Theater at the Petroleum Building
File:First Presbyterian Church, Midland, TX DSCN1189.JPG|First Presbyterian Church
File:Glimpse of Midland, TX, W Ohio Ave looking east.jpg|Downtown from Ohio Avenue
</gallery>