Messiah

=== Chabad ===
{{further|Chabad messianism|Chabad-Lubavitch related controversies|List of Jewish messiah claimants}}
[[Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn]] (r. 1920–1950), sixth ''[[Rebbe]]'' (hereditary chassidic leader) of Chabad Lubavitch,<ref name="LubavitcherFalseMessiahs"/><ref name="MS-HabadMinuth"/> and [[Menachem Mendel Schneerson]] (1902–1994), seventh ''Rebbe'' of Chabad,<ref name="SHandelman">Susan Handelman, [http://www.tabletmag.com/jewish-news-and-politics/177352/lubavitcher-rebbe#undefined The Lubavitcher Rebbe Died 20 Years Ago Today. Who Was He?], Tablet Magazine</ref><ref name="ASteinsaltz">Adin Steinsaltz, ''My Rebbe''.  Maggid Books, p. 24</ref><ref name="DHorn">Dara Horn, 13 June 2014 [https://online.wsj.com/articles/book-review-rebbe-by-joseph-telushkin-and-my-rebbe-by-adin-steinsaltz-1402696458 "Rebbe of Rebbe's"]. The Wall Street Journal.</ref><ref name="ALichtenstein">Aharon Lichtenstein, [https://www.scribd.com/doc/111005773/Rav-Aharon-Lichtenstein-s-Hesped-for-the-Lubavitcher-Rebbe-English Euligy for the Rebbe]. 16 June 1994.</ref><ref name="NYT-Agudas_Chasidei_Chabad">The New York Times, Statement From Agudas Chasidei Chabad, 9 Feb 1996.</ref> are [[List of messiah claimants|messiah claimants]].<ref name="vosiz">{{cite web| url = http://www.vosizneias.com/31329/2009/05/06/crown-heights-ny-rabbi-menashe-klein-messianic-group-within-chabad-are-apikorsim/| title = Famed Posek Rabbi Menashe Klein: Messianic Group Within Chabad Are Apikorsim| date = 7 May 2009}}</ref><ref name="TBMag">{{Cite web|url=https://thebeaconmag.com/2013/04/opinions/on-chabad/|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150219223222/http://thebeaconmag.com/2013/04/opinions/on-chabad/|url-status=dead|title=On Chabad|archivedate=19 February 2015|website=The Beacon}}</ref><ref name="RAFeldman">Public Responsa from Rabbi Aharon Feldman on the matter of Chabad messiansim (Hebrew), 23 Sivan, 5763 –  http://moshiachtalk.tripod.com/feldman.pdf. See also Rabbi Feldman's letter to David Beger: http://www.stevens.edu/golem/llevine/feldman_berger_sm_2.jpg</ref><ref name="DBerger-TRtMatSoOI">{{cite book|last=Berger|first=David|title=The Rebbe, the Messiah, and the Scandal of Orthodox Indifference|isbn=978-1904113751|publisher=Littman Library of Jewish Civilization|year=2008}} ''For further information see the article: [[The Rebbe, the Messiah, and the Scandal of Orthodox Indifference]]''.</ref><ref name="LubavitcherFalseMessiahs">{{cite web|last1=Bar-Hayim|first1=HaRav David|title=The False Mashiah of Lubavitch-Habad|url=http://machonshilo.org/en/eng/list-ask-the-rav/31-general/424-the-false-mashiah-of-lubavitch-habad|publisher=Machon Shilo (Shilo Institute)|access-date=17 June 2016|archive-date=25 February 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110225055436/http://machonshilo.org/en/eng/list-ask-the-rav/31-general/424-the-false-mashiah-of-lubavitch-habad|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="MS-HabadMinuth">{{cite web|last1=Bar-Hayim|first1=HaRav David|title=Habad and Jewish Messianism (audio)|url=http://machonshilo.org/en/eng/list-audio-shiurim/41-audiohalakha/475-habad-and-jewish-messianism|publisher=Machon Shilo (Shilo Institute)|access-date=17 June 2016|archive-date=9 January 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150109015103/http://machonshilo.org/en/eng/list-audio-shiurim/41-audiohalakha/475-habad-and-jewish-messianism|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="WH-MB-JCP">William Horbury, Markus Bockmuehl, James Carleton Paget: ''Redemption and resistance: the messianic hopes of Jews and Christians in antiquity'' p. 294 : (2007) {{ISBN|978-0567030443}}.</ref>

As per [[Chabad messianism|Chabad-Lubavitch messianism]],{{efn|name="meshichists"}} Menachem Mendel Schneerson openly declared his deceased father-in-law, the former 6th ''Rebbe'' of Chabad Lubavitch, to be the Messiah.<ref name="LubavitcherFalseMessiahs"/><ref name="MS-HabadMinuth"/> He published about [[Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn]] to be ''"[[Atzmus]] u'mehus alein vi er hat zich areingeshtalt in a [[guf]]"'' ([[Yiddish language|Yiddish]] and [[English language|English]] for: "Essence and Existence [of God] which has placed itself in a body").<ref name="LikuteiSichosV2-p510">[[Likutei Sichos]], Vol 2, pp. 510–511.</ref><ref name="Identifying Chabad-p13">{{cite book|title=Identifying Chabad : what they teach and how they influence the Torah world.|date=2007|publisher=Center for Torah Demographics|location=Illinois|isbn=978-1411642416|page=13|edition=Revised|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_4eAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA13|access-date=29 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="HaRavSinger-RebbeFailedMessiah">Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/sPXE7P8Rcgo Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20200226082653/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPXE7P8Rcgo&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web|last1=Singer|first1=HaRav Tovia|title=Why did some expect the Lubavitcher Rebbe to Resurrect as the Messiah? Rabbi Tovia Singer Responds (video-lecture)|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sPXE7P8Rcgo|publisher=Tovia Singer Youtube.com|access-date=26 June 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref> The gravesite of his deceased father-in-law Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn, known as "the ''[[Ohel (Chabad-Lubavitch)|Ohel]]''", became a central point of focus for Menachem Mendel Schneerson's prayers and supplications.

Regarding the deceased Menachem Mendel Schneerson, a later Chabad Halachic ruling claims that it was "incumbent on every single Jew to heed the Rebbe's words and believe that he is indeed [[Messiah in Judaism#Historical|King Moshiach]], who will be [[second coming|revealed imminently]]".<ref name="DVED-250">{{cite web|last1=Berger|first1=Rabbi Prof. Dr. David|title=On the Spectrum of Messianic Belief in Contemporary Lubavitch Chassidism|url=http://chareidi.org/archives5766/pinchos/olubavtchpnc66.htm|publisher=Shema Yisrael Torah Network|access-date=3 July 2016}}</ref><ref name=Psak>{{cite web|work=Psak Din|title=Halachic Ruling|url=http://www.psakdin.net/en/|access-date=22 March 2014}}</ref> Outside of Chabad messianism, in Judaism, there is no basis to these claims.<ref name="LubavitcherFalseMessiahs"/><ref name="MS-HabadMinuth"/> If anything, this resembles the faith in the [[resurrection of Jesus]] and his second coming in [[early Christianity]], and therefore, heretical in [[Judaism]].<ref name="ChFr">Freeman, Charles. ''[[The Closing of the Western Mind]]'', p. 133. Vintage. 2002.</ref>

Still today, the deceased rabbi Menachem Mendel Schneerson is believed to be the Messiah among adherents of the Chabad movement,<ref name="ASteinsaltz"/><ref name="DHorn"/><ref name="ALichtenstein"/><ref name="TBMag"/><ref name="DBerger-TRtMatSoOI"/> and his second coming is believed to be imminent.<ref name="DVED-250"/> He is venerated and invocated to by thousands of visitors and letters each year at the (''Ohel''), especially in a pilgrimage each year on the anniversary of his death.<ref name="queens">{{cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2p8LnB_q9AYC&q=ohel+chabad&pg=PA20 |title=The Neighborhoods of Queens |pages=20&ndash;23 |first=Claudia |last=Gryvatz Copquin |year=2007 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-11299-3}}</ref><ref name="TNYO">''The New York Observer'', [http://observer.com/2014/07/rebbe-to-the-city-and-the-world/ "Rebbe to the city and Rebbe to the world"]. Editorial, 07/08/14.</ref>