Little Rock Nine

===Governor's opposition===
Faubus's opposition to desegregation was likely both politically and racially motivated.{{citation needed|date=August 2021}} Although Faubus had indicated that he would consider bringing Arkansas into compliance with the high court's decision in 1956, desegregation was opposed by his own [[Dixiecrats|southern Democratic Party]], which dominated all Southern politics at the time. Faubus risked losing political support in the upcoming 1958 Democratic gubernatorial primary if he showed support for integration.<ref>{{cite news|title=Showdown over Segregation|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/16/AR2007031600131.html|newspaper=The Washington Post|access-date=May 6, 2015|first=Juan|last=Williams|date=March 18, 2007|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126015035/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/16/AR2007031600131.html|archive-date=January 26, 2016|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

Most histories of the crisis conclude that Faubus, facing pressure as he campaigned for a third term, decided to appease racist elements in the state by calling out the National Guard to prevent the Black students from entering Central High. Former associate justice of the [[Arkansas Supreme Court]] [[James D. Johnson]] claimed to have hoaxed Governor Faubus into calling out the National Guard, supposedly to prevent a white mob from stopping the integration of [[Little Rock Central High School]]: "There wasn't any caravan. But we made Orval believe it. We said. 'They're lining up. They're coming in droves.' ... The only weapon we had was to leave the impression that the sky was going to fall." He later claimed that Faubus asked him to raise a mob to justify his actions.<ref name=notgone>{{cite news |url=http://www.salon.com/2010/02/18/justice_4/ |title=Racist "Justice" is dead, but not gone |work=Salon |date=February 18, 2010 |access-date=October 5, 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006172206/http://www.salon.com/2010/02/18/justice_4/ |archive-date=October 6, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>

[[Harry Ashmore]], the editor of the ''Arkansas Gazette'', won a 1958 Pulitzer Prize for his editorials on the crisis. Ashmore portrayed the fight over Central High as a crisis manufactured by Faubus; in his interpretation, Faubus used the Arkansas National Guard to keep Black children out of Central High School because he was frustrated by the success his political opponents were having in using segregationist rhetoric to stir white voters.<ref>{{cite web|title=The Pulitzer Prize Winners 1958|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/awards/1958|publisher=the Pulitzer Board|access-date=September 7, 2011|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110925063344/http://www.pulitzer.org/awards/1958|archive-date=September 25, 2011|df=mdy-all}}</ref>

Congressman [[Brooks Hays]], who tried to mediate between the federal government and Faubus, was later defeated by a last minute write-in candidate, [[Dale Alford]], a member of the Little Rock School Board who had the backing of Faubus's allies.<ref>{{cite book|title=Profiles in Hue|publisher=Xlibris Corporation|isbn=978-1456851200|pages=366|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OANpT_Bl1c8C&q=A+few+years+later,+despite+the+incident+with+the+%22Little+Rock+Nine%22,+Faubus+ran+as+a+moderate+segregationist+against+Dale+Alford,+who+was+challenging+Faubus+for+the+Democratic+nomination+for+governor+in+1962.&pg=PA366|access-date=May 6, 2015|date=January 17, 2011}}</ref>{{Self-published inline|certain=yes|date=December 2017}} A few years later, despite the incident with the "Little Rock Nine", Faubus ran as a moderate segregationist against Dale Alford, who was challenging Faubus for the Democratic nomination for governor in 1962.
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