Eschatology

=== Judaism ===

{{Main|Jewish eschatology}}

[[File:Isaiah scroll.PNG|thumb|200px|right|Scroll of Book of Isaiah]]

The main tenets of modern Jewish eschatology, in no particular order, include:<ref name="Jewish Eschatology">{{cite encyclopedia|title= Jewish Eschatology|url= http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/5849-eschatology|encyclopedia= Jewish Encyclopedia|access-date= 1 May 2012}}</ref>
* God will redeem Israel from the captivity that began during the [[Babylonian Exile]] in a new [[The Exodus|Exodus]].
* God will return the Jewish people to the [[Land of Israel]].
* God will restore the [[Davidic line|House of David]] and the [[The Third Temple|Temple in Jerusalem]].
* God will raise up a regent from the House of David, the [[Jewish Messiah]], to lead the Jewish people and the world and to usher in an age of justice and peace, the [[Messianic Age]].
* Non-Jews will recognize that the [[God in Judaism|God of Israel]] is the only true god.
* God will [[Resurrection of the Dead|resurrect the dead]].
* God will create a [[World to Come#Judaism|new heaven and earth]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ginzburg |first=Yitsḥaḳ |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kzUrUtJmL2QC&dq=judaism+God+will+create+a+new+heaven+and+earth&pg=PA86 |title=Kabbalah and Meditation for the Nations |date=2007 |publisher=GalEinai Publication Society |isbn=978-965-7146-12-5 |language=en}}</ref>

Judaism usually refers to the end times as the "end of days" (''aḥarit ha-yamim'', אחרית הימים), a phrase that appears several times in the [[Tanakh]]. The end times are addressed in the [[Book of Daniel]] and in numerous other prophetic passages in the Hebrew scriptures, and also in the [[Talmud]], particularly Tractate [[Avodah Zarah]].

The idea of a Messianic Age, an era of global peace and knowledge of the Creator, has a prominent place in Jewish thought, and is incorporated as part of the end of days. A well-known passage from the [[Book of Isaiah]] describes this future condition of the world: "They shall beat their swords into plowshares and their spears into pruning hooks; nation will not lift sword against nation and they will no longer study warfare" (2:4).<ref name="Jewish Eschatology"/> [[Maimonides]] (1135–1204) further describes the Messianic Era in the [[Mishneh Torah]]: "And at that time there will be no hunger or war, no jealousy or rivalry. For the good will be plentiful, and all delicacies available as dust. The entire occupation of the world will be only to know God;{{nbsp}}... the people Israel will be of great wisdom; they will perceive the esoteric truths and comprehend their Creator's wisdom as is the capacity of man. As it is written (Isaiah 11:9): 'For the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of God, as the waters cover the sea.'"<ref>Mishneh Torah, Laws of Kings 12:5</ref>

====Kabbalah====

In [[Kabbalah]], the [[Zohar]]<ref>Zohar, Vayera 119a</ref> maintains that the seven days of the week, based on the seven days of creation, correspond to the seven millennia of creation. The seventh day of the week, the [[Shabbat]] day of rest, corresponds to the seventh millennium, the age of universal rest, or the Messianic Era. The seventh millennium begins with the [[Year 6000|year 6000]] [[Anno Mundi|AM]], and is the latest time the Messiah can come. A number of early and late Jewish scholars have written in support of this, including the [[Nahmanides|Ramban]],<ref>Ramban on Genesis (2:3)</ref> [[Isaac Abarbanel]],<ref>Abarbanel on Genesis 2</ref> [[Abraham Ibn Ezra]],<ref>Ramban quoting Ibn Ezra at Leviticus (25:2)</ref> Rabbeinu [[Bachya]],<ref>Bachya on Genesis 2:3</ref> the [[Vilna Gaon]],<ref>Safra D'Tzniusa, Ch. 5</ref> the [[Lubavitcher Rebbe]],<ref>Sefer HaSichos 5750:254</ref> the [[Ramchal]],<ref>Derech Hashem 4:7:2</ref> [[Aryeh Kaplan]]<ref>Page 318, The Real Messiah {{cite book|first1=Aryeh|last1=Kaplan|title= The Aryeh Kaplan Anthology: Illuminating Expositions on Jewish Thought and Practice by a Revered Teacher|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7vxjgVY33LkC&q=aryeh+kaplan+1840&pg=PA318|publisher=Mesorah Publications|date=1 August 1991|isbn=9780899068664|access-date=2 September 2015}}</ref> and Rebbetzin [[Esther Jungreis]].<ref>
{{cite web |last = Fleisher |first = Malkah
|url = http://www.israelnationalnews.com/News/News.aspx/128104
|title = 'It's Erev Shabbos of the World' – Jewish World – News
|publisher = Israel National News
|date = 27 October 2008
}}
</ref>