Ebola

===Onset===
<!-- Incubation -->
The length of time between exposure to the virus and the development of symptoms ([[incubation period]]) is between 2 and 21 days,<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name="CDC2014S">{{Cite web |date=28 January 2014 |title=Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever Signs and Symptoms |url=https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/symptoms/index.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140801015854/https://www.cdc.gov/vhf/ebola/symptoms/index.html |archive-date=1 August 2014 |access-date=2 August 2014 |publisher=[[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) }}</ref> and usually between 4 and 10 days.<ref name="Goeijenbier2014">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Goeijenbier M, van Kampen JJ, Reusken CB, Koopmans MP, van Gorp EC |date=November 2014 |title=Ebola virus disease: a review on epidemiology, symptoms, treatment and pathogenesis |url=http://www.njmonline.nl/getpdf.php?t=a&id=10001148 |url-status=live |journal=Neth J Med |volume=72 |issue=9 |pages=442–448 |pmid=25387613 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129144852/http://www.njmonline.nl/getpdf.php?t=a&id=10001148 |archive-date=29 November 2014}}</ref> However, recent estimates based on mathematical models predict that around 5% of cases may take longer than 21 days to develop.<ref>{{Cite journal |vauthors=Haas CN |date=14 October 2014 |title=On the Quarantine Period for Ebola Virus |journal=PLOS Currents Outbreaks |volume=6 |doi=10.1371/currents.outbreaks.2ab4b76ba7263ff0f084766e43abbd89 |pmc=4205154 |pmid=25642371 |doi-access=free }}</ref>

<!-- Early -->
Symptoms usually begin with a sudden [[influenza]]-like stage characterised by [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], [[fever]], [[asthenia|weakness]], [[anorexia (symptom)|decreased appetite]], [[myalgia|muscular pain]], [[arthralgia|joint pain]], headache, and sore throat.<ref name=WHO2014/><ref name="Goeijenbier2014" /><ref name="Gatherer 2014">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Gatherer D |date=August 2014 |title=The 2014 Ebola virus disease outbreak in West Africa |journal=J Gen Virol |volume=95 |issue=Pt 8 |pages=1619–1624 |doi=10.1099/vir.0.067199-0 |pmid=24795448 |doi-access=free}}</ref><ref name="Hun2012">{{Cite book | vauthors = Magill A |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=UgvdM8WRld4C&pg=PA332 |title=Hunter's tropical medicine and emerging infectious diseases |date=2013 |publisher=Saunders |isbn=978-1416043904 |edition=9th |location=New York |page=332 |author-link=Alan Magill |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320072816/https://books.google.com/books?id=UgvdM8WRld4C&pg=PA332 |archive-date=20 March 2016 |url-status=live |name-list-style=vanc}}</ref> The fever is usually higher than {{convert|38.3|°C|°F|0}}.<ref name="Hoenen2006">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Hoenen T, Groseth A, Falzarano D, Feldmann H |date=May 2006 |title=Ebola virus: unravelling pathogenesis to combat a deadly disease |journal=Trends in Molecular Medicine |volume=12 |issue=5 |pages=206–215 |doi=10.1016/j.molmed.2006.03.006 |pmid=16616875}}</ref> This is often followed by nausea, vomiting, [[diarrhoea]], abdominal pain, and sometimes [[hiccups]].<ref name=Hun2012/><ref name="Brown2017">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Brown CS, Mepham S, Shorten RJ |date=June 2017 |title=Ebola Virus Disease: An Update on Epidemiology, Symptoms, Laboratory Findings, Diagnostic Issues, and Infection Prevention and Control Issues for Laboratory Professionals |journal=Clinical Laboratory Medicine |type=Review |volume=37 |issue=2 |pages=269–284 |doi=10.1016/j.cll.2017.01.003 |pmid=28457350}}</ref> The combination of severe vomiting and diarrhoea often leads to severe [[dehydration]].<ref name="Sharma2015">{{Cite journal |vauthors=Sharma N, Cappell MS |date=September 2015 |title=Gastrointestinal and Hepatic Manifestations of Ebola Virus Infection |journal=Digestive Diseases and Sciences |type=Review |volume=60 |issue=9 |pages=2590–2603 |doi=10.1007/s10620-015-3691-z |pmid=25972150 |s2cid=5674317|doi-access=free }}</ref> Next, [[shortness of breath]] and [[chest pain]] may occur, along with [[oedema|swelling]], [[headaches]], and [[decreased level of consciousness|confusion]].<ref name=Hun2012/> In about half of the cases, the skin may develop a [[maculopapular rash]], a flat red area covered with small bumps, five to seven days after symptoms begin.<ref name="Goeijenbier2014" /><ref name="Hoenen2006" />
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