Pennsylvania

===Local government===
[[File:Pennsylvania-counties-map.gif|thumb|[[List of counties in Pennsylvania|Map of Pennsylvania's 67 counties]]]]
Pennsylvania is divided into 67 [[county (United States)|counties]].<ref name="PA Manual 6-3">''The Pennsylvania Manual'', p. 6-3.</ref> Counties are further subdivided into municipalities that are either incorporated as cities, [[Borough (Pennsylvania)|boroughs]], or [[Township (Pennsylvania)|townships]].<ref name="PA Manual 6-5">''Pennsylvania Manual'', p. 6-5.</ref> The most populous county in Pennsylvania and [[List of the most populous counties in the United States|24th-most populous county]] in the United States 
is [[Philadelphia County, Pennsylvania|Philadelphia County]], which includes the city of [[Philadelphia]], with a 2020 population of 1,603,797; the state's least populous county is [[Cameron County, Pennsylvania|Cameron]] with a population of 4,547.<ref name="pasdc.hbg.psu.edu" />

There are a total of 56 cities in Pennsylvania, which are classified by population as either first-class, second-class, or third-class cities.<ref name="PA Manual 6-3" /><ref>''The Pennsylvania Manual'', p. 6-46.</ref> Philadelphia, the state's largest city with a population exceeding 1.6 million, is Pennsylvania's only first-class city.<ref name="PA Manual 6-5" /> [[Pittsburgh]] (303,000) and [[Scranton, Pennsylvania|Scranton]] (76,000) are second-class and second-class 'A' cities, respectively.<ref name="PA Manual 6-5" /> All of the state's remaining cities including [[Allentown, Pennsylvania|Allentown]], the state's third-largest city, and [[Reading, Pennsylvania|Reading]], its fourth-largest, to [[Parker, Pennsylvania|Parker]], the state's smallest city with a population of only 820, are designated as third-class cities.<ref>{{cite web|title=Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Pennsylvania |year=2010 |website=Population Estimates |publisher=[[United States Census Bureau]] |url=https://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2009-04-42.xls |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110709111603/http://www.census.gov/popest/cities/tables/SUB-EST2009-04-42.xls |url-status=dead |archive-date=July 9, 2011 |format=[[Microsoft Excel|XLS]] |access-date=July 4, 2010 }}</ref> First- and second-class cities are governed by a "strong mayor" form of [[mayor–council government]], whereas third-class cities are governed by either a "weak mayor" form of government or a [[council–manager government]].<ref name="PA Manual 6-5" />

Pennsylvania boroughs are generally smaller in population than the state's cities, and most of the state's cities were incorporated as boroughs prior to being designated cities.<ref name="PA Manual 6-5" /> There are 958 boroughs in Pennsylvania, all of which are governed by the "weak mayor" form of mayor-council government.<ref name="PA Manual 6-3" /><ref name="PA Manual 6-5" /> The largest borough in Pennsylvania is [[State College, Pennsylvania|State College]] (40,501) and the smallest is [[Centralia, Pennsylvania|Centralia]].

Townships are the third type of municipality in Pennsylvania and are classified as either first-class or second-class townships. There are 1,454 second-class townships and 93 first-class townships.<ref name="PA Manual 6-6">''The Pennsylvania Manual'', p. 6-6.</ref> Second-class townships can become first-class townships if they have a population density greater than {{Convert|300|PD/sqmi}} and a [[referendum]] is passed supporting the change.<ref name="PA Manual 6-6" /> Pennsylvania's largest township is [[Upper Darby Township, Delaware County, Pennsylvania|Upper Darby Township]] (85,681), and the smallest is [[East Keating Township, Clinton County, Pennsylvania|East Keating Township]].

There is one exception to the types of municipalities in Pennsylvania: [[Bloomsburg, Pennsylvania|Bloomsburg]] was incorporated as a town in 1870 and is, officially, the only town in the state.<ref>''The Pennsylvania Manual'', p. 6-22.</ref> In 1975, [[McCandless Township, Allegheny County, Pennsylvania|McCandless Township]] adopted a home-rule charter under the name of "Town of McCandless", but is, legally, still a first-class township.<ref>Title 302, [[Pennsylvania Code]], Section 23.1–101.</ref> The state has 56 cities, 958 boroughs, 93 first-class townships, 1,454 second-class townships, and one town (Bloomsburg) for a total of 2,562 municipalities.