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Do not fill this in! ==Transportation== {{Main|Transportation in Dubai}} Transport in Dubai is controlled by the [[Roads and Transport Authority (Dubai)|Roads and Transport Authority (RTA)]], an agency of the government of Dubai, formed by royal decree in 2005.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.rta.ae/ |title=RTA Portal β Home |access-date=18 April 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100419010523/http://www.rta.ae/ |archive-date=19 April 2010 |url-status=live }}</ref> The public transport network has in the past faced congestion and reliability issues which a large investment programme has addressed, including over AED 70 billion of improvements planned for completion by 2020, when the population of the city is projected to exceed 3.5 million.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/07/12/14/10174695.html |title=Gulfnews: Dubai traffic woes inflict losses of Dh4.6b a year |work=Gulf News |access-date=14 July 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090825202355/http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/07/12/14/10174695.html |archive-date=25 August 2009}}</ref> In 2009, according to Dubai Municipality statistics, there were an estimated 1,021,880 cars in Dubai.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/environment/public-transport-regains-allure-as-car-free-day-gets-under-way-1.584210 |title=Gulfnews: Public transport regains allure as Car-free Day gets under way |work=Gulf News |date=17 February 2010 |access-date=29 April 2010 |archive-date=13 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200413093437/https://gulfnews.com/uae/environment/car-free-day-gets-under-way-in-dubai-1.584210 |url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2010, the proportion of Dubai residents who use public transport stood at 6%.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/traffic-transport/rta-wants-30-of-dubai-residents-on-public-transport-1.571138 |title=Gulfnews: Rta wants 30 of dubai residents on public transport |work=Gulf News |date=21 January 2010 |access-date=29 April 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100124073635/http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/traffic-transport/rta-wants-30-of-dubai-residents-on-public-transport-1.571138 |archive-date=24 January 2010}}</ref> ===Road=== {{See also|List of roads in Dubai|Dubai route numbering system|List of bridges and tunnels in Dubai}} [[File:Tolerance Bridge.jpg|thumb|Tolerance Bridge of [[Business Bay]]]] [[File:Dubai_Road_2013.JPG|thumb|[[E 11 road (United Arab Emirates)|E 11 Road]]]] Five main routes β [[E 11 (UAE)|E 11]] (Sheikh Zayed Road), [[E 311 (UAE)|E 311]] (Sheikh Mohammed Bin Zayed Road), [[E 44 road (United Arab Emirates)|E 44]] (Dubai-Hatta Highway), [[E 77 (UAE)|E 77]] (Dubai-Al Habab Road) and [[E 66 road (United Arab Emirates)|E 66]] (Oud Metha Road, Dubai-[[Al Ain]] Road, or Tahnoun Bin Mohammad Al Nahyan Road)<ref name="GulfNews 11-2018">{{cite news |work=[[Emirates News Agency|WAM]] |title=Dubai-Al Ain Road renamed |publisher=[[Gulf News]] |url=https://gulfnews.com/news/uae/transport/dubai-al-ain-road-renamed-1.2296992 |location=[[Al Ain]] |date=2 November 2018 |access-date=4 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181104020335/https://gulfnews.com/news/uae/transport/dubai-al-ain-road-renamed-1.2296992 |archive-date=4 November 2018 |url-status=live}}</ref> β run through Dubai, connecting the city to other towns and emirates. Additionally, several important intra-city routes, such as [[D 89 road (United Arab Emirates)|D 89]] (Al Maktoum Road/Airport Road), [[D 85 road (United Arab Emirates)|D 85]] (Baniyas Road), [[D 75 road (United Arab Emirates)|D 75]] (Sheikh Rashid Road), [[D 73 road (United Arab Emirates)|D 73]] (Al Dhiyafa Road now named as 2 December street), [[D 94 road (United Arab Emirates)|D 94]] (Jumeirah Road) and [[D 92 road (United Arab Emirates)|D 92]] (Al Khaleej/Al Wasl Road) connect the various localities in the city. The eastern and western sections of the city are connected by [[Al Maktoum Bridge]], [[Al Garhoud Bridge]], [[Al Shindagha Tunnel]], [[Business Bay Crossing]] and [[Floating Bridge, Dubai|Floating Bridge]].<ref>[http://www.rta.ae/wpsv5/wps/portal/!ut/p/kcxml/04_Sj9SPykssy0xPLMnMz0vM0Y_QjzKLN4g3NvMASYGZJkb6kWhijggRX4_83FT9IH1v_QD9gtzQiHJHR0UA8kPctg!!/delta/base64xml/L3dJdyEvd0ZNQUFzQUMvNElVRS82XzBfMzZJ Completed projects] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100625002211/http://www.rta.ae/wpsv5/wps/portal/!ut/p/kcxml/04_Sj9SPykssy0xPLMnMz0vM0Y_QjzKLN4g3NvMASYGZJkb6kWhijggRX4_83FT9IH1v_QD9gtzQiHJHR0UA8kPctg!!/delta/base64xml/L3dJdyEvd0ZNQUFzQUMvNElVRS82XzBfMzZJ |date=25 June 2010}}. RTA Dubai</ref> The public bus transport system in Dubai is run by the RTA. The bus system services 140 routes and transported over 109 million people in 2008. By the end of 2010, there will be 2,100 buses in service across the city.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/dubai-buses-may-be-privatised |title=Dubai buses may be privatised β The National Newspaper |work=The National|location=Abu Dhabi |date=8 June 2009 |access-date=14 July 2009 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120118040754/http://www.thenational.ae/news/uae-news/dubai-buses-may-be-privatised |archive-date=18 January 2012}}</ref> In 2006, the transport authority announced the construction of 500 air-conditioned passenger bus shelters, and planned for 1,000 more across the emirates in a move to encourage the use of public buses.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/traffic-transport/air-conditioned-bus-shelters-for-dubai-1.195356|title=Gulfnews: Air-conditioned bus shelters for Dubai|work=Gulf News|date=6 March 2010|access-date=10 March 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110830071033/http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/traffic-transport/air-conditioned-bus-shelters-for-dubai-1.195356|archive-date=30 August 2011}}</ref> All taxi services are licensed by the RTA. Dubai licensed taxis are easily identifiable by their cream bodywork colour, with varied roof colours identifying the operator. Dubai Taxi Corporation, a division of the RTA, is the largest operator and has taxis with red roofs. There are five private operators: Metro Taxis (orange roofs); Network Taxis (yellow roofs); Cars Taxis (blue roofs); Arabia Taxis (green roofs); and City Taxis (purple roof). In addition, there is a Ladies and Families taxi service (pink roofs) with female drivers, which caters exclusively for women and children. More than 3,000 taxis operating within the emirate making an average of 192,000 trips daily, carrying about 385,000 people. In 2009, taxi trips exceeded 70 million trips serving around 140.45 million passengers.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/traffic-transport/dubai-metro-gives-boost-to-public-transport-in-city-1.592986 | title=Dubai Metro gives boost to public transport in city| newspaper=[[Gulf News]] |date=6 March 2010|access-date=29 April 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100412193111/http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/traffic-transport/dubai-metro-gives-boost-to-public-transport-in-city-1.592986|archive-date=12 April 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://dtc.dubai.ae/ |title=Dubai Taxi Corporation |publisher=Dtc.dubai.ae |date=29 September 2010 |access-date=31 October 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101112164616/http://dtc.dubai.ae/ |archive-date=12 November 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.dubai.com/v/cityinfo/#block_1686 |title=Getting Around in Dubai |publisher=dubai.com/ |access-date=14 September 2011 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110924043220/http://www.dubai.com/v/cityinfo/#block_1686 |archive-date=24 September 2011}}</ref> ===Air=== [[File:Dubai_-_International_(DXB_-_OMDB)_AN1204297.jpg|thumb|[[Dubai International Airport]] is the busiest airport in the world by international passenger traffic.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aci.aero/News/Releases/Most-Recent/2018/04/09/ACI-World-releases-preliminary-2017-world-airport-traffic-rankings--Passenger-traffic-Indian-and-Chinese-airports-major-contributors-to-growth---Air-cargo-Volumes-surge-at-major-hubs-as-trade-wars-threaten-|title=ACI World releases preliminary 2017 world airport traffic rankings Passenger traffic: Indian and Chinese airports major contributors to growth Air cargo: Volumes surge at major hubs as trade wars threaten|website=www.aci.aero|date=9 April 2018|access-date=26 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814121026/http://www.aci.aero/News/Releases/Most-Recent/2018/04/09/ACI-World-releases-preliminary-2017-world-airport-traffic-rankings--Passenger-traffic-Indian-and-Chinese-airports-major-contributors-to-growth---Air-cargo-Volumes-surge-at-major-hubs-as-trade-wars-threaten-|archive-date=14 August 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>]] [[Dubai International Airport]] ([[IATA airport code|IATA]]: DXB), the hub for the [[Emirates (airline)|Emirates]] airline, serves the city of Dubai and other emirates in the country. The airport is the [[World's busiest airports by passenger traffic|third-busiest airport in the world by passenger traffic]] and the [[List of busiest airports by international passenger traffic|world's busiest airport by international passenger traffic]].<ref>{{cite web|title=2008 Annual Report |publisher=Dubai Airport |year=2009 |url=http://www.thenational.ae/article/20080429/BUSINESS/400804065 |access-date=28 February 2009 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100111173544/http://www.thenational.ae/article/20080429/BUSINESS/400804065 |archive-date=11 January 2010}}</ref> In addition to being an important passenger traffic hub, the airport is the [[World's busiest airports by cargo traffic|sixth-busiest cargo airport in world]], handling 2.37 million tons of cargo in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dubaiairports.ae/corporate/media-centre/press-releases/detail/dxb-takes-over-top-spot-for-international-passenger-traffic |title=DXB Takes Over Top Spot for International Passenger Traffic |work=dubaiairports.ae |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150429044632/http://www.dubaiairports.ae/corporate/media-centre/press-releases/detail/dxb-takes-over-top-spot-for-international-passenger-traffic |archive-date=29 April 2015}}</ref> Emirates is the national airline of Dubai. {{As of|2018}}, it operated internationally serving over 150 destinations in over 70 countries across six continents.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.emirates.com/us/english/destinations_offers/destinations_and_offers.aspx|title=Our Destinations|work=Emirates|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150512221204/http://www.emirates.com/english/destinations_offers/destinations/alldestinations.aspx|archive-date=12 May 2015|url-status=live}}</ref> The development of [[Al Maktoum International Airport]] ([[IATA airport code|IATA]]: DWC) was announced in 2004. The first phase of the airport, featuring one A380 capable runway, 64 remote stands, one cargo terminal with an annual capacity for 250,000 tonnes of cargo, and a passenger terminal building designed to accommodate five million passengers per year, has been opened.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/al-maktoum-international-airport-begins-operations-1.646783|title=Al Maktoum International airport begins operations|date=27 June 2010|work=Gulf News|access-date=28 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100630085531/http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/al-maktoum-international-airport-begins-operations-1.646783|archive-date=30 June 2010}}</ref> When completed, Dubai World Central-Al Maktoum International will be the largest airport in the world with five runways, four terminal buildings and capacity for 160 million passengers and 12 million tons of cargo.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/al-maktoum-international-airport-receives-first-flight-1.644057|title=Al Maktoum International airport receives first flight|date=21 June 2010|work=Gulf News|access-date=21 June 2010|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100623030828/http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/al-maktoum-international-airport-receives-first-flight-1.644057|archive-date=23 June 2010}}</ref> ===Rail=== {{Main|Dubai Metro|Palm Jumeirah Monorail|Dubai Tram}} [[File:Dubai_Blue_Line_stel_5112_to_Creek_(52765713036).jpg|thumb|[[Dubai Metro]] is the first kind of rail transportation in the UAE, and is the Arabian Peninsula's first urban train network.<ref name="autogenerated1" />]] [[File:Dubai_Tram_Alstom_Citadis_402_near_Al_Sufouh.jpg|thumb|[[Dubai Tram]] is one of the first completely [[ground-level power supply]]-based tram networks in the world.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.highways.today/2017/01/12/systra-aecom-win-dubai-tram-extension/|title=SYSTRA and AECOM win the Dubai Tram extension|date=12 January 2017|website=Highways Today|access-date=13 January 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190113232247/https://www.highways.today/2017/01/12/systra-aecom-win-dubai-tram-extension/|archive-date=13 January 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>]] [[Dubai Metro]] consists of two lines (Red line and Green line) which run through the financial and residential areas of the city. It was opened in September 2009.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dubai RTA β Dubai Metro β Blue Line |date=11 September 2009 |publisher=zawya |url=http://www.zawya.com/projects/project.cfm/pid151106013921?cc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617052450/http://www.zawya.com/projects/project.cfm/pid151106013921?cc |archive-date=17 June 2011}}</ref> UK-based international service company [[Serco]] is responsible for operating the metro. The [[Red Line (Dubai Metro)|Red Line]] is the major backbone, with 29 stations (4 underground, 24 elevated and 1 at ground level) running from Rashidiya Station to UAE Xchange Station in Jebel Ali. The [[Green Line (Dubai Metro)|Green Line]], running from the Etisalat Station to the Creek Station, has 20 stations (8 underground, 12 elevated). An extension to the Red Line connecting the EXPO 2020 site opened on June 1, 2021. A [[Blue Line (Dubai Metro)|Blue]] and a [[Purple Line (Dubai Metro)|Purple Line]] have also been planned. The Dubai Metro is the first urban train network in the [[Arabian Peninsula]].<ref name="autogenerated1">{{Cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8247330.stm|title=Will metro change Dubai car culture?|date=11 September 2009|work=BBC News|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090916041627/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/8247330.stm|archive-date=16 September 2009}}</ref> The trains are fully automated and driverless.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dubai metro β the world's longest automated rail system |url=https://www.itsinternational.com/feature/dubai-metro-worlds-longest-automated-rail-system |access-date=2022-04-30 |website=ITS International}}</ref> A [[monorail]] line connecting the Palm Jumeirah to the mainland opened on 30 April 2009.<ref name="timeout">{{cite web |title=Palm monorail tried and tested |url=http://www.timeoutdubai.com/knowledge/news/8723-palm-monorail-tried-and-tested |publisher=Timeoutdubai |date=6 May 2009 |access-date=29 August 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100115001910/http://www.timeoutdubai.com/knowledge/news/8723-palm-monorail-tried-and-tested |archive-date=15 January 2010}}</ref> It is the first monorail in the Middle East.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.aeconline.ae/13/pdcnewsitem/01/69/09/index_13.html|title=First Monorail system in the Middle East takes first paying passengers.|newspaper=AEC Online|access-date=2 February 2017|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170203075322/http://www.aeconline.ae/13/pdcnewsitem/01/69/09/index_13.html|archive-date=3 February 2017}}</ref> An extension to connect to the [[Red Line (Dubai Metro)|Red Line]] of the [[Dubai Metro]] is planned.<ref name="gn">{{cite web|title=Middle East's first monorail to start services in Palm Jumeirah by April |url=http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/08/08/07/10235187.html |work=[[Gulf News]] |date=7 August 2008 |access-date=11 August 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090716225656/http://archive.gulfnews.com/articles/08/08/07/10235187.html |archive-date=16 July 2009}}</ref> A tramway located in Al Sufouh will run for {{convert|14.5|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} along Al Sufouh Road from Dubai Marina to the Burj Al Arab and the Mall of the Emirates with two interchanges with Dubai Metro's Red Line. The first section, a {{convert|10.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} long tram line which serves 11 stations, was opened in 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://thedubaitram.com/about/|title=About|work=The Dubai Tram|access-date=12 February 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160215035242/http://thedubaitram.com/about/|archive-date=15 February 2016}}</ref> Dubai has announced it will complete a link of the UAE high-speed rail system which is planned to link with the whole GCC (Gulf Cooperation Council, also known as [[Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf]]), and then possibly [[Europe]].{{citation needed|date=December 2022}} The high-speed rail will support passengers and cargo.<ref>{{cite web|title=GCC Rail Network |url=http://www.zawya.com/projects/project.cfm/pid190607012406 |publisher=zawya projects |date=14 April 2010 |access-date=25 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110617080242/http://www.zawya.com/projects/project.cfm/pid190607012406 |archive-date=17 June 2011}}</ref> ===Waterways=== [[File:Madinat Jumeirah dhow (3050971546).jpg|thumb|''[[Abra (boat)|Abras]]'' and ''[[dhows]]'' are traditional modes of waterway transport.]] There are two major commercial ports in Dubai, [[Port Rashid]] and [[Jebel Ali|Port Jebel Ali]]. Port Jebel Ali is the world's largest human-made harbour, the biggest port in the Middle East,<ref>{{cite web |title=Port of Jebel Ali |url=http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/ARE_Port_of_Jebel_Ali_1423.php |publisher=worldportsource.com |date=14 August 2008 |access-date=25 April 2010 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100416070712/http://www.worldportsource.com/ports/ARE_Port_of_Jebel_Ali_1423.php |archive-date=16 April 2010}}</ref> and the 7th-busiest port in the world.<ref name=jebelali /> One of the more traditional methods of getting across [[Bur Dubai]] to [[Deira, Dubai|Deira]] is by ''[[Abra (boat)|abras]]'', small boats that ferry passengers across the [[Dubai Creek]], between abra stations in Bastakiya and [[Baniyas Road]].<ref>[http://www.dubai-online.com/blog/video-dubai-souk-abra-station/ Abra-services] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100817012451/http://www.dubai-online.com/blog/video-dubai-souk-abra-station/ |date=17 August 2010}} dubai-online</ref> The Marine Transport Agency has also implemented the Dubai Water Bus System. Water bus is a fully air conditioned boat service across selected destinations across the creek. One can also avail oneself of the tourist water bus facility in Dubai. Latest addition to the water transport system is the Water Taxi.<ref>{{cite web|title=RTA launches Water Bus System on Dubai Creek |url=http://www.ameinfo.com/129309.html |publisher=AMEinfo |date=16 July 2007 |access-date=25 April 2010 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602074607/http://www.ameinfo.com/129309.html |archive-date=2 June 2010}}</ref> Dubai is increasingly activating its logistics and ports in order to participate in trade between Europe and China or Africa in addition to oil transport. For this purpose, ports such as Port of Jebel Ali or Mina Rashid are rapidly expanded and investments are made in their technology. The country is historically and currently, part of the Maritime [[Silk Road]] that runs from the Chinese coast to the south via the southern tip of [[India]] to [[Mombasa]], from there through the Red Sea via the [[Suez Canal]] to the Mediterranean, there to the Upper Adriatic region to the northern Italian hub of [[Trieste]] with its rail connections to [[Central Europe]], Eastern Europe and the [[North Sea]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.seatrade-maritime.com/asia/china-invest-34bn-dubai-warehousing-and-trading |title=China to invest $3.4bn in Dubai warehousing and trading |date=29 April 2019 |access-date=18 March 2021 |archive-date=29 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210129214931/https://www.seatrade-maritime.com/asia/china-invest-34bn-dubai-warehousing-and-trading |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.porttechnology.org/news/what-are-the-top-ports-in-the-middle-east/ |title=What are the top ports in the Middle East? |access-date=18 March 2021 |archive-date=1 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210201132128/https://www.porttechnology.org/news/what-are-the-top-ports-in-the-middle-east/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.business.hsbc.ae/en-gb/ae/article/chinas-belt-and-road-initiative-beacons-new-trade-in-menat |title=China's Belt and Road Initiative beacons new trade-in MENAT |access-date=18 March 2021 |archive-date=14 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210414000706/https://www.business.hsbc.ae/en-gb/ae/article/chinas-belt-and-road-initiative-beacons-new-trade-in-menat |url-status=live}}</ref> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. 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