Buddhism

===Mindfulness and clear comprehension===
The training of the faculty called [[Sati (Buddhism)|"mindfulness"]] (Pali: ''sati'', Sanskrit: ''smṛti,'' literally meaning "recollection, remembering") is central in Buddhism. According to Analayo, mindfulness is a full awareness of the present moment which enhances and strengthens memory.<ref>Analayo (2018) ''"Satipatthana Meditation, A Practice Guide,"'' chapter 1. Windhorse Publications.</ref> The Indian Buddhist philosopher [[Asanga]] defined mindfulness thus: "It is non-forgetting by the mind with regard to the object experienced. Its function is non-distraction."<ref name="Boin-Webb, Sara 2001 p. 9">Boin-Webb, Sara. (English trans. from Walpola Rāhula's French trans. of the Sanskrit; 2001) ''"Abhidharmasamuccaya: The Compendium of the Higher Teaching (Philosophy) by Asaṅga"'', p. 9, Asian Humanities Press.</ref> According to Rupert Gethin, ''sati'' is also "an awareness of things in relation to things, and hence an awareness of their relative value".<ref>Sharf, Robert (2014), "Mindfulness and Mindlessness in Early Chan" (PDF), ''Philosophy East and West'', '''64''' (4): 933–964, {{doi|10.1353/pew.2014.0074}}</ref>

There are different practices and exercises for training mindfulness in the early discourses, such as the four ''[[Satipatthana|Satipaṭṭhānas]]'' (Sanskrit: ''smṛtyupasthāna'', "establishments of mindfulness") and ''[[Anapanasati|Ānāpānasati]]'' (Sanskrit: ''ānāpānasmṛti'', "mindfulness of breathing").

A closely related mental faculty, which is often mentioned side by side with mindfulness, is ''[[sampajañña]]'' ("clear comprehension"). This faculty is the ability to comprehend what one is doing and is happening in the mind, and whether it is being influenced by unwholesome states or wholesome ones.{{sfnp|Kuan|2007|p=50}}