Shinto

===Shinto outside Japan ===
{{main|Overseas Shinto}}
[[File:Karafuto Shrine.JPG|thumb|right|The Karafuto Shrine in the Sakhalin Region]]
The end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th centuries were marked by the expansion of the [[Empire of Japan]], which also led to the spread of Shinto in the colonized territories.{{sfn|Hardacre|2017|pp=431—432}} In total, from 1868 to 1945, 1,640 shrines were built in territories under Japanese control.{{sfn|Hardacre|2017|pp=431—432}}{{sfn|Nakajima|2010|p=22}} In addition, starting in 1885, Japanese began to move to American [[Hawaii]], most of whom left Japan for economic reasons; Since 1908, [[Japanese Brazilians|emigration to Brazil]] also began, where the Japanese worked on coffee plantations. The emigrants built shrines to preserve their culture and worship traditional deities.{{sfn|Picken|2011|pp=273—274}}{{sfn|Hardacre|2017|pp=404—406}}

{{lang|ja-Latn|Jinja}} outside Japan are termed {{lang|ja-Latn|kaigai jinja}} ("overseas shrines"), a term coined by {{ill|Ogasawara Shozo|ja|小笠原省三}}.{{sfn|Suga|2010|p=48}} When the Japanese Empire collapsed in the 1940s, there were over 600 {{lang|ja-Latn|jinja}} within its conquered territories, many of which were later disbanded.{{sfn|Suga|2010|p=48}} Japanese migrants have also established {{lang|ja-Latn|jinja}} in countries like Brazil,{{sfn|Suga|2010|pp=59–60}} while Shinto's lack of doctrinal focus has attracted interest from non-Japanese;{{sfn|Picken|2011|p=xiv}} in the United States, for example, [[European Americans]] have played a significant role in introducing Shinto.{{sfn|Picken|2011|p=xiv}}