Olusegun Obasanjo

===Second term===
Obasanjo was re-elected in a tumultuous [[2003 Nigerian presidential election|2003 election]] that had violent ethnic and religious overtones. His main opponent, fellow former military ruler General [[Muhammadu Buhari]], was Muslim and drew his support mainly from the north. Capturing 61.8% of the vote, Obasanjo defeated Buhari by more than 11&nbsp;million votes.<ref>{{cite web|title=Annual Abstract of Statistics, 2012|url=http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/pages/download/253|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150128143355/http://www.nigerianstat.gov.ng/pages/download/253|archive-date=28 January 2015|access-date=3 April 2015|website=National Bureau of Statistics|publisher=National Bureau of Statistics|pages=595–596|format=PDF}}</ref>

In November 2003, Obasanjo was criticized for his decision to grant asylum to the deposed [[Liberia]]n president, [[Charles Taylor (Liberia)|Charles Taylor]].<ref>{{cite web|author=Habeeb I. Pindiga|date=10 November 2003|title=Asylum for Taylor an impeachable offence – MD Yusufu|url=http://news.biafranigeriaworld.com/archive/2003/nov/10/0226.html|access-date=25 November 2009|publisher=Daily Trust}}</ref> On 12 June 2006, he signed the [[Greentree Agreement]] with Cameroonian President [[Paul Biya]] which formally put an end to the [[Bakassi]] peninsula border dispute.<ref>{{cite web|title=UN, Agreement Transferring Authority Over Bakassi Peninsula from Nigeria to Cameroon 'Triumph for the Rule of Law' Secretary-General says in Message for Ceremony |url=http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/sgsm11745.doc.htm|access-date=25 September 2020}}</ref> Even though the [[Senate of Nigeria|Nigerian Senate]] passed a resolution declaring that the withdrawal of Nigerian troops from the Bakassi Peninsula was illegal, Obasanjo gave the order for it to continue as planned.<ref>{{Cite news|date=1 August 2008|title=Nigeria to appeal Bakassi delay|work=BBC News|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/7537020.stm|access-date=31 March 2010}}</ref>

In his second term, Obasanjo continued to ensure the expansion of the country's police force, which rose to 325,000 in 2007.{{sfn|Iliffe|2011|p=185}}
Ongoing rural violence between Muslims and Christians in Plateau State led Obasanjo to declare a state of emergency there in May 2004, suspending the state government and installing six months of military rule.{{sfn|Iliffe|2011|pp=192–193}} On 22 August 2005, the then governor of Abia State, [[Orji Uzor Kalu]], submitted a petition alleging corrupt practices against Obasanjo to the EFCC.<ref>{{cite web|title=Inside EFCC report on corruption allegations against Obasanjo|url=https://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/headlines/269831-inside-efcc-report-on-corruption-allegations-against-obasanjo.html|access-date=26 May 2018|website=Premium Times|date=26 May 2018}}</ref>