Racial segregation

=== Mauritania ===

[[Slavery in Mauritania]] was finally criminalized in August 2007.<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 August 2007 |title=BBC NEWS – Africa – Mauritanian MPs pass slavery law |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/6938032.stm}}</ref> It was already abolished in 1980, although it was still affecting the black Africans. The number of slaves in the country was not known exactly, but it was estimated to be up to 600,000 men, women and children, or 20% of the population.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Corrigan, T. |date=6 September 2007 |title=Mauritania made slavery illegal last month |work=The East African |url=http://www.saiia.org.za/governance-and-aprm-opinion/mauritania-made-slavery-illegal-last-month |access-date=6 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=BBC World Service &#124; The Abolition season on BBC World Service |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/specials/1458_abolition/page4.shtml |website=BBC}}</ref>

For centuries, the so-called [[Haratin]] lower class, mostly poor black Africans living in rural areas, have been considered natural slaves by white Moors of Arab/Berber ancestry. Many descendants of the [[Arab]] and [[Berber people|Berber]] tribes today still adhere to the [[supremacist]] ideology of their ancestors. This ideology has led to oppression, discrimination and even enslavement of other groups in the region of [[Sudan]] and [[Western Sahara]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 March 2007 |title=Fair elections haunted by racial imbalance |url=http://www.irinnews.org/report.aspx?ReportId=70522 |access-date=18 January 2010 |publisher=Irinnews.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=War and Genocide in Sudan |url=http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/in_depth/sudan-genocide.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070927031133/http://www.iabolish.org/slavery_today/in_depth/sudan-genocide.html |archive-date=27 September 2007 |access-date=18 January 2010 |publisher=Iabolish.org}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=7 December 2007 |title=Mauritania: The real beginning of the end of slavery? |url=http://www.irinnews.org/Report.aspx?ReportId=75756 |access-date=18 January 2010 |publisher=Irinnews.org}}</ref>