Johannesburg

=== Architecture and urbanism ===
{{Main|Architecture of Johannesburg|Suburbs of Johannesburg}}
[[File:Trust Bank Building.jpg|thumb|[[Trust Bank Building]] in 2018]]
[[File:Joburg skyline.jpg|thumb|Johannesburg Central Business District]]
Johannesburg is home to some of Africa's tallest structures, such as the [[Sentech Tower]], [[Hillbrow Tower]], the [[Carlton Centre]] and [[Ponte City Apartments]]. The Johannesburg city skyline has most of the tallest buildings on the continent and contains most international organisations such as [[IBM]], [[Absa Group|Absa]], [[BHP]], [[Willis Group]], [[First National Bank (South Africa)|First National Bank]], [[Nedbank]] and [[Standard Bank]]. Many of the city's older buildings have been demolished and more modern ones built in their place. North of the CBD is [[Hillbrow]], the most densely populated residential area in southern Africa. Northwest of the CBD is [[Braamfontein]], a secondary CBD housing many offices and business premises. The CBD is predominated by four styles of architecture, being [[Colonial architecture|Victorian Colonial]], [[Edwardian Baroque]], [[Art Deco]] and [[Modernism]].

The city is often described as Africa's economic powerhouse, and contentiously as a modern and prosperous African city.<ref name="Guardian">{{cite news |last=Smith |first=David |title=Johannesburg rebuked over 'world-class city' advert |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/11/johannesburg-world-class-city-advert |access-date=15 July 2013 |newspaper=The Guardian |date=12 July 2013 |archive-date=4 September 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130904072916/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/jul/11/johannesburg-world-class-city-advert |url-status=live }}</ref> Johannesburg, like many metropolises, has more than one central business district (CBD), including, but not limited to, Sandton, Rosebank and Roodepoort in addition to the original CBD. Some tend to include Benoni and Germiston as well.

Due to its many different central districts, Johannesburg would fall under the [[multiple nuclei model]] in [[human geography]] terms. It is the hub of South Africa's commercial, financial, industrial, and mining undertakings. Johannesburg is part of a larger urban region. It is closely linked with several other satellite towns. [[Randburg]] and [[Sandton]] form part of the northern area. The east and west ridges spread out from central Johannesburg. The Central Business District covers an area of {{convert|6|km2|0|abbr=out}}. It consists of closely packed skyscrapers such as the [[Carlton Centre]], [[Marble Towers]], [[Trust Bank Building]], [[Ponte City Apartments]], [[Southern Life Centre]] and [[11 Diagonal Street]].

Johannesburg's city centre retains its elements of a rectangular grid pattern that was first officially recorded in 1886.<ref name=":0"/> Streets are narrow and filled with high rises built in the mid- to late 1900s. Old Victorian–era buildings first built in the late 1800s have been torn down long ago.<ref name=":0"/> The 1900s brought along with it the introduction of many different architectural styles and structures. The Johannesburg Art Gallery and Supreme Court Building being two examples. These were important Beaux-Arts structures, with the style put in place by (at the time) colonial parent, the British Empire.<ref name=":0"/> South Africa didn't borrow architectural techniques exclusively from Britain, however. They were also inspired by American models and styles, having built several structures like the ESKOM Building and the Corner House to emulate the prowess of New York City, located in the United States.<ref name=":0"/>
{{wide image|Panoramic Joburg.jpg|1100px|Panoramic view of the [[Johannesburg CBD|Johannesburg Central Business District]]}}