Jacob Zuma

=== Cabinet reshuffles ===
[[File:Anti-Zuma protest Cape Town.jpg|thumb|Insulting posters at the [[Protests in South Africa|Zuma Must Fall]] protest in [[Cape Town]], 7 April 2017]]Zuma was criticised for a lack of stability in his cabinet. During his two terms in office, he implemented twelve [[cabinet reshuffle]]s, and some of his appointments unsettled [[financial market]]s,<ref name="Shipalana-2017" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Haffajee |first=Ferial |date=2017-10-18 |title=Jacob Zuma Is Presiding Over His 12th Cabinet After Tuesday's Shock Reshuffle – Is It A State Of Organised Chaos? |url=https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/2017/10/17/jacob-zuma-is-presiding-over-his-12th-cabinet-after-tuesdays-shock-reshuffle-is-it-a-state-of-organised-chaos_a_23246216/ |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=Huffington Post |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Van Onselen |first=Gareth |date=2017-10-17 |title=This is the breakdown of all 12 Jacob Zuma Cabinet reshuffles |url=https://www.businesslive.co.za/bd/opinion/columnists/2017-10-17-this-is-the-breakdown-of-all-12-jacob-zuma-cabinet-reshuffles/ |access-date=2022-01-12 |website=Business Day |language=en-ZA}}</ref> such as when Finance Minister [[Nhlanhla Nene]] was replacedwith the little-known backbencher [[David van Rooyen|Des van Rooyen]] in the 9 December 2015 reshuffle.<ref name="NeneRemoved2">{{cite web |author=Letsoalo, Matuma |date=9 December 2015 |title=Nhlanhla Nene removed as finance minister |url=http://mg.co.za/article/2015-12-09-nhlanhla-nene-removed-as-finance-minister |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109073930/http://mg.co.za/article/2015-12-09-nhlanhla-nene-removed-as-finance-minister |archive-date=9 January 2016 |access-date=5 January 2016 |website=[[Mail & Guardian]]}}</ref> The political response was so hostile that van Rooyen was replaced by [[Pravin Gordhan]] after four days in office.<ref name="DemocrativeAccountability2">{{cite web |last=Zibi |first=Songezo |date=22 December 2015 |title=SAA is an invaluable case study for democratic accountability |url=http://www.bdlive.co.za/opinion/2015/12/22/saa-is-an-invaluable-case-study-for-democratic-accountability |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224214608/http://www.bdlive.co.za/opinion/2015/12/22/saa-is-an-invaluable-case-study-for-democratic-accountability |archive-date=24 December 2015 |access-date=31 December 2015 |website=[[Business Day (South Africa)|Business Day]]}}</ref><ref name="RanjeniMunusamy2">{{cite web |author=Munusamy, Ranjeni |date=14 December 2015 |title=Zuma climbs down, Gordhan takes up SA's rescue mission |url=http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2015-12-14-zuma-climbs-down-gordhan-takes-up-sas-rescue-mission/#.VovuaPl96Uk |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109073931/http://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2015-12-14-zuma-climbs-down-gordhan-takes-up-sas-rescue-mission/#.VovuaPl96Uk |archive-date=9 January 2016 |access-date=5 January 2016 |website=[[The Daily Maverick]]}}</ref> Later, on 31 March 2017, Gordhan was sacked and replaced by [[Malusi Gigaba]]. Gordhan's deputy Jonas, who had alleged corruption by the Guptas a year earlier, was also fired.<ref>{{cite news|date=30 March 2017|title=President Jacob Zuma has fired finance minister Pravin Gordhan|work=[[Mail & Guardian]]|url=https://mg.co.za/article/2017-03-30-report-president-jacob-zuma-has-fired-finance-minister-pravin-gordhan|url-status=live|access-date=12 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170404220417/https://mg.co.za/article/2017-03-30-report-president-jacob-zuma-has-fired-finance-minister-pravin-gordhan|archive-date=4 April 2017}}</ref> The reshuffle was criticised by senior ANC leaders including Deputy President Ramaphosa,<ref name="Onishi-2017">{{cite web|last1=Onishi|first1=Norimitsu|last2=Chanmarch|first2=Sewell|date=31 March 2017|title=Firing of South Africa's Finance Minister Widens a Political Rift|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/31/world/africa/south-africa-pravin-gordhan-jacob-zuma.html|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171207013709/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/31/world/africa/south-africa-pravin-gordhan-jacob-zuma.html |archive-date=7 December 2017|website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> from the SACP,<ref>{{cite news|date=4 April 2017|title=ANC MPs shouldn't wait for opposition to act against Zuma – SACP|work=702|url=http://www.702.co.za/articles/250971/anc-mps-shouldn-t-wait-for-opposition-to-act-against-zuma-sacp|url-status=live|access-date=12 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170407101319/http://www.702.co.za/articles/250971/anc-mps-shouldn-t-wait-for-opposition-to-act-against-zuma-sacp|archive-date=7 April 2017}}</ref> and from members of the public, who, on 7 April, launched protests against Zuma and his government in several of South Africa's major cities.<ref name="Frassinelli-2017">{{Cite web |last=Frassinelli |first=Pier Paolo |date=2017-04-22 |title=Survey sheds light on who marched against Zuma and why |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2017-04-22-survey-sheds-light-on-who-marched-against-zuma-and-why/ |access-date=2022-01-14 |website=[[Mail & Guardian]] |language=en-ZA}}</ref> Another march on the Union Buildings on 12 April, Zuma's birthday, was organised by a coalition of seven opposition parties. It attracted tens of thousands of protesters and the ''Mail & Guardian'' said that it was "possibly the largest march in post-apartheid history".<ref name="Frassinelli-2017" /><ref>{{Cite news|last=Cotterill|first=Joseph|date=2017-04-12|title=Thousands join South Africa opposition march urging Zuma to resign|work=Financial Times|url=https://www.ft.com/content/cc4bad40-1f97-11e7-b7d3-163f5a7f229c|access-date=2022-01-14}}</ref>
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