Argentina

=== Ethnography ===
{{Main|Argentines}}
{{See also|Ethnography of Argentina|Immigration to Argentina}}
[[File:Macri con Félix Diaz.jpg|thumb|left|The cacique [[Toba people|Qom]] [[Félix Díaz (cacique)|Félix Díaz]] meets with then president Mauricio Macri.]]

Argentina is considered a country of immigrants.<ref name=encuesta>{{cite web |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080611004448/http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/ECPI/index_ecpi.asp |archive-date=11 June 2008 |url=http://www.indec.gov.ar/webcenso/ECPI/index_ecpi.asp|publisher=[[National Institute of Statistics and Census of Argentina]]|title=Encuesta Complementaria de Pueblos Indígenas 2004–2005|language=es}}</ref><ref name="Coke">{{Cite journal
| doi = 10.1136/jmg.31.9.702
| last1 = Cruz-Coke | first1 = R.
| last2 = Moreno | first2 = R.S.
| title = Genetic epidemiology of single gene defects in Chile
| journal = Journal of Medical Genetics
| volume = 31
| issue = 9
| pages = 702–06
| year = 1994
| pmid = 7815439
| pmc = 1050080
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1669 |title=About Argentina |publisher=Government of Argentina |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090919230812/http://www.argentina.gov.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=1669 |archive-date=19 September 2009 |url-status = dead}}</ref> Argentines usually refer to the country as a ''crisol de razas'' (crucible of races, or [[melting pot]]). A 2010 study conducted on 218 individuals by the Argentine geneticist [[Daniel Corach]] established that the average genetic ancestry of Argentines is 79% European (mainly Italian and Spanish), 18% indigenous and 4.3% African; 63.6% of the tested group had at least one ancestor who was [[Indigenous peoples in Argentina|Indigenous]].<ref name="onlinelibrary.wiley.com">{{cite journal|title=Inferring Continental Ancestry of Argentineans from Autosomal, Y-Chromosomal and Mitochondrial DNA| doi=10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00556.x|pmid=20059473|volume=74|issue=1|journal=Annals of Human Genetics|pages=65–76|year=2010|last1=Corach|first1=Daniel|last2=Lao|first2=Oscar|last3=Bobillo|first3=Cecilia|last4=Van Der Gaag|first4=Kristiaan|last5=Zuniga|first5=Sofia|last6=Vermeulen|first6=Mark|last7=Van Duijn|first7=Kate|last8=Goedbloed|first8=Miriam|last9=Vallone|first9=Peter M|last10=Parson|first10=Walther|last11=De Knijff|first11=Peter|last12=Kayser|first12=Manfred| s2cid=5908692|hdl=11336/14301|hdl-access=free}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0025-76802006000200004&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es |title=Medicina (B. Aires) vol.66 número2; Resumen: S0025-76802006000200004 |url-status = dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719225555/http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0025-76802006000200004&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es |archive-date=19 July 2011}}</ref> The majority of Argentines descend from multiple European ethnic groups, primarily of [[Italian people|Italian]] and [[Spanish people|Spanish]] descent, with over 25&nbsp;million Argentines (almost 60% of the population) having some partial Italian origins.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SuC7CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT63|title=Pope Francis: The Pope from the End of the Earth|first=Thomas J.|last=Craughwell|year=2013|publisher=TAN Books|isbn=978-1-61890-138-5|page=63|access-date=24 August 2017|archive-date=29 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129143337/https://books.google.com/books?id=SuC7CgAAQBAJ&pg=PT63#v=onepage&q&f=false|url-status=live}}</ref>

Argentina is also home to a notable [[Asian Argentine|Asian]] population, the majority of whom are descended from either West Asians (namely [[Lebanese people|Lebanese]] and [[Syrians]])<ref name="Lizcano2007">{{cite journal|last=Lizcano Fernández|first=Francisco|url=http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf|title=Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI|trans-title=Ethnic Composition of the Three Cultural Areas of the American Continent at the Beginning of the 21st Century|language=es|journal=Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales|publisher=Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México|location=Toluca, México|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130626010236/http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf|archive-date=26 June 2013|pages=194–195|quote=En principio, se pueden distinguir dos grupos muy distintos al interior de esta etnia: el que procede de Asia occidental (sobre todo árabes cristianos llegados desde Siria y Líbano) y el que salió de Asia oriental (chinos y japoneses principalmente).}}</ref> or East Asians (such as the Chinese,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.clarin.com/sociedad/comunidad-china-duplico-ultimos-anos_0_343165728.html|author=Sánchez, Gonzalo|title=La comunidad china en el país se duplicó en los últimos 5 años|publisher=Clarin.com|date=27 September 2010|access-date=11 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131207042630/http://www.clarin.com/sociedad/comunidad-china-duplico-ultimos-anos_0_343165728.html|archive-date=7 December 2013|url-status = live}}</ref> [[Korean people|Koreans]], and the [[Japanese people|Japanese]]).<ref>Masterson, Daniel M. and Sayaka Funada-Classen. ''[[The Japanese in Latin America]]''. [[University of Illinois Press]], 2004. {{ISBN|0252071441}}, 9780252071447. p. 146–147.</ref> The latter of whom number around 180,000 individuals. The total number of [[Arab Argentines]] (most of whom are of Lebanese or Syrian origin) is estimated to be 1.3 to 3.5&nbsp;million. Many immigrated from various Asian countries to Argentina during the 19th century (especially during the latter half of the century) and the first half of the 20th century.<ref name="Elindependiente">{{cite news|title=Recopilaron casi 200 años de los sirio libaneses en Argentina|url=http://www.elindependiente.com.ar/papel/hoy/archivo_2004/noticias_v.asp?39074|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140908043743/http://www.elindependiente.com.ar/papel/hoy/archivo_2004/noticias_v.asp?39074|archive-date=8 September 2014|access-date=9 November 2021|newspaper=El Independiente|quote=González convenció a sus pares de rechazarla, con el argumento de que eran "los más europeos del Asia y son sumisos y laboriosos".|language=es}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Lizcano Fernández|first=Francisco|url=http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf|title=Composición Étnica de las Tres Áreas Culturales del Continente Americano al Comienzo del Siglo XXI|trans-title=Ethnic Composition of the Three Cultural Areas of the American Continent at the Beginning of the 21st Century|language=es|journal=Convergencia. Revista de Ciencias Sociales|publisher=Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México|location=Toluca, México|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130626010236/http://convergencia.uaemex.mx/rev38/38pdf/LIZCANO.pdf|archive-date=26 June 2013|page=194|quote=La  etnia  asiática  tiene  su  origen  en  los  flujos  migratorios que partieron de diversos países de Asia, os cuales fueron especialmente relevantes durante la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y la primera mitad del XX.}}</ref> Most Arab Argentines belong to the Catholic Church (including both the Latin Church and the [[Eastern Catholic Churches]]) or the [[Eastern Orthodox Church]]. A minority are [[Muslims]].

From the 1970s, immigration has mostly been coming from [[Bolivia]], [[Paraguay]] and [[Peru]], with smaller numbers from the [[Dominican Republic]], Ecuador and [[Romania]].<ref>[http://www.clarin.com/diario/2007/03/04/sociedad/s-01373795.htm "El varieté de la calle Florida"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070315005735/http://www.clarin.com/diario/2007/03/04/sociedad/s-01373795.htm |date=15 March 2007}} (Editorial) – [[Clarín (Argentine newspaper)|Clarín]] {{in lang|es}}</ref> The Argentine government estimates that 750,000 inhabitants lack official documents and has launched a program<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.patriagrande.gov.ar |title=Patria Grande |publisher=Patriagrande.gov.ar |access-date=16 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080723172541/http://www.patriagrande.gov.ar/ |archive-date=23 July 2008 |url-status = live}}</ref> to encourage illegal immigrants to declare their status in return for two-year residence visas—so far over 670,000 applications have been processed under the program.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.perfil.com/contenidos/2007/07/21/noticia_0035.html |title=Alientan la mudanza de extranjeros hacia el interior – Sociedad – |publisher=Perfil.com |access-date=25 August 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070930194007/http://www.perfil.com/contenidos/2007/07/21/noticia_0035.html |archive-date=30 September 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref>  As of July 2023, more than 18,500 Russians have come to Argentina after the [[Russian invasion of Ukraine|Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Undertones: Inside Russian influencer chats in Argentina |url=https://globalvoices.org/2023/07/20/undertones-inside-russian-influencer-chats-in-argentina/ |website=Global Voices |language=en |date=20 July 2023 |access-date=6 January 2024 |archive-date=6 January 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240106130245/https://globalvoices.org/2023/07/20/undertones-inside-russian-influencer-chats-in-argentina/ |url-status=live }}</ref>