Malawi

===Health===
{{main|Healthcare in Malawi}}
[[File:The time is now – mums waiting for family planning services (7513648798).jpg|thumb|Malawi women with young children attending [[family planning]] services]]
Malawi has central hospitals, regional and private facilities. The public sector offers free health services and medicines, while [[non-government organizations]] offers services and medicines for fees. Private doctors offer fee-based services and medicines. Health insurance schemes have been established since 2000.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2010/02/19/000333037_20100219005458/Rendered/PDF/531070WP0Pharm10Box345597B01PUBLIC1.pdf|author=McCabe, Ariane|title=Private Sector Pharmaceutical Supply and Distribution Chains: Ghana, Mali and Malawi|work=Health Systems Outcome Publication|publisher=World Bank|date=December 2009|access-date=2 April 2012}}</ref> The country has a [[pharmaceutical manufacturing]] industry consisting of four privately owned pharmaceutical companies. Malawi's healthcare goal is for "promoting health, preventing, reducing and curing disease, and reducing the occurrence of premature death in the population".<ref>Malawi Investment Promotion Agency, 2008, p. 20 – Investment Guide</ref>

[[Infant mortality]] rates are high, and [[life expectancy]] at birth is 50.03&nbsp;years. Abortion is illegal in Malawi,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/where-abortion-illegal-protest-against-culture-death-malawi-religious-groups-2456454|title=Where Is Abortion Illegal? Protest Against 'Culture Of Death' By Malawi Religious Groups|website=Ibtimes.com|access-date=23 July 2017}}</ref> except to save the mother's life. The Penal Code punishes women who seek illegal or clinical abortion with 7 years in prison, and 14 years for those perform the abortion.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.womenonwaves.org/en/page/5002/abortion-law-malawi |title=Abortion law Malawi |publisher=Women on Waves |date=15 June 2012 |access-date=23 July 2017}}</ref> There is a high adult prevalence rate of [[HIV/AIDS]], with an estimated 980,000&nbsp;adults (or 9.1% of the population) living with the disease in 2015. There are approximately 27,000&nbsp;deaths each year from HIV/AIDS, and over half a million children orphaned because of the disease (2015).<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.unaids.org/en/regionscountries/countries/malawi|title= HIV and AIDS estimates (2015)|publisher=[[Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS|UNAIDS]]|access-date=6 January 2017}}</ref> Approximately 250&nbsp;new people are infected each day, and at least 70% of Malawi's hospital beds are occupied by HIV/AIDS patients. The high rate of infection has resulted in an estimated 5.8% of the farm labour force dying of the disease. The government spends over $120,000 each year on funerals for civil servants who die of the disease.<ref name="Africa08" /> In 2006, international superstar [[Madonna]] started [[Raising Malawi]], a foundation that helps AIDS orphans in Malawi, and also financed a documentary about the hardships experienced by Malawian orphans, called ''[[I Am Because We Are]]''.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1223372,00.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060819180859/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1223372,00.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 August 2006|title=Madonna Finds a Cause|magazine=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|author=Luscombe, Belinda|date=6 August 2006|access-date=24 October 2008}}</ref> Raising Malawi also works with the [[Millennium Villages Project]] to improve education, health care, infrastructure and agriculture in Malawi.<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.vanityfair.com/culture/features/2007/07/madonna200707|title=Raising Malawi|magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]|author=Hutton, Punch|date=July 2007|access-date=24 October 2008}}</ref>

There is a very high degree of risk for major infectious diseases, including bacterial and protozoal [[diarrhoea]], [[hepatitis A]], [[typhoid fever]], [[malaria]], [[Plague (disease)|plague]], [[schistosomiasis]], and [[rabies]].<ref name="CIA" /> Malawi has been making progress on decreasing child mortality and reducing the incidences of HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases; however, the country has been "performing dismally" on reducing maternal mortality and promoting [[gender equality]].<ref name=UNDP/> [[Female genital mutilation]] (FGM), while not widespread, is practiced in some local communities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.medcol.mw/commhealth/publications/cultural_practices_report.pdf|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141111184006/http://www.medcol.mw/commhealth/publications/cultural_practices_report.pdf|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 November 2014 |title=Cultural Practices and their Impact on the Enjoyment of Human Rights, Particularly the Rights of Women and Children in Malawi |publisher=Malawi Human Rights Commission |date=11 November 2014}}</ref>

On 23 November 2016, a court in Malawi sentenced an HIV-positive man to two years in prison with forced labour for having sex with 100 women without disclosing his status. Women rights activists asked the government to review the sentence calling it too "lenient".<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-malawi-sexcrimes-women-idUSKBN13J01P|title=Malawi faces calls to review two-year jail term for HIV-positive 'hyena' man}}</ref> Some of the major health facilities in the country are Blantyre Adventist Hospital, Mwaiwathu Private Hospital, Queen Elizabeth Central, and Kamuzu Central Hospitals.<ref>{{cite web|date=March 2017|title=Medical Resources in Malawi – List Provided to U.S. Citizens|url=https://mw.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/219/2017/03/Medical-facilities-list.pdf|access-date=October 17, 2021|website=U.S. Embassy, Lilongwe, Malawi|archive-date=28 June 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628193836/https://mw.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/219/2017/03/Medical-facilities-list.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>