House of Lords

===Removal from House membership===
Traditionally there was no mechanism by which members could resign or be removed from the House of Lords (compare the situation as regards [[Resignation from the British House of Commons|resignation from the House of Commons]]). The Peerage Act 1963 permitted a person to disclaim their newly inherited peerage (within certain time limits); this meant that such a person could effectively renounce their membership of the Lords. This might be done in order to remain or become qualified to sit in the House of Commons, as in the case of [[Tony Benn]] (formerly the second [[Viscount Stansgate]]), who had campaigned for such a change.

The [[House of Lords Reform Act 2014]]<ref>{{cite legislation UK | type = act| year = 2014| chapter = 24| act = House of Lords Reform Act 2014}}</ref> made provision for members' resignation from the House, removal for non-attendance, and automatic expulsion upon conviction for a serious criminal offence (if resulting in a jail sentence of at least one year). In June 2015, under the [[House of Lords (Expulsion and Suspension) Act 2015]],<ref>{{cite legislation UK | type = act| year = 2015| chapter = 14| act = House of Lords (Expulsion and Suspension) Act 2015}}</ref> the House's Standing Orders may provide for the expulsion or suspension of a member upon a resolution of the House.

In November 2020, [[Nazir Ahmed, Baron Ahmed|Nazir Ahmed, Lord Ahmed]] retired from the House of Lords, having seen a Lords Conduct Committee report recommending he be expelled.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Watson |first1=Richard |title=Lord Ahmed retires from Parliament days before expulsion |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-politics-54975932 |access-date=8 December 2020 |work=[[BBC News]] |date=17 November 2020}}</ref> In December the same year, [[Ken Maginnis|Lord Maginnis]] was suspended from the House for 18 months.<ref>{{cite news|date=7 December 2020|title=Ken Maginnis banned from Lords for 18 months over bullying claims|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-55220009|access-date=7 December 2020}}</ref>