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Do not fill this in! ==Modern mosaics== [[File:DryStoneArt.jpg|thumb|left|Mosaic embedded in stone wall, Italian area of Switzerland]] Noted 19th-century mosaics include those by [[Edward Burne-Jones]] at St Pauls within the Walls in [[Rome]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.victorianweb.org/painting/bj/mosaic/index.html |title=Photos of Burne-Jones mosaics in Rome at The Victorian Web }}</ref> Another modern mosaic of note is the world's largest mosaic installation located at the [[Cathedral Basilica of St. Louis]], located in [[St. Louis]], Missouri.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://explorestlouis.com/visit-explore/discover/25-things-to-do-in-st-louis/|title=25 Things to Do in St. Louis|access-date=17 February 2012}}</ref> A modern example of mosaic is the [[81st Street – Museum of Natural History (IND Eighth Avenue Line)|Museum of Natural History]] station of the [[New York City Subway]] (there are many such works of art scattered throughout the New York City subway system, though many [[Independent Subway System|IND]] stations are usually designed with bland mosaics). Another example of mosaics in ordinary surroundings is the use of locally themed mosaics in some restrooms in the [[rest area]]s along some Texas interstate highways. Some modern mosaics are the work of ''[[modernisme]]'' style architects [[Antoni Gaudí]] and [[Josep Maria Jujol]], for example the mosaics in the [[Park Güell]] in [[Barcelona]]. Today, among the leading figures of the mosaic world are [[Elaine M. Goodwin]] (UK), [[Felice Nittolo]] (Italy), [[Brit Hammer]] (Netherlands), [[Dugald MacInnes]] (Scotland), [[Heather Hancock]] (USA), [[Kelley Knickerbocker]] (USA), [[Aida Valencia]] (Mexico), [[Emma Biggs]] (UK), [[Helen Nock]] (UK), [[Marcelo de Melo]] (Brazil), [[Sonia King]] (USA) and [[Saimir Strati]] (Albania). ===As a popular craft=== [[File:Bottlecap mosaic.jpg|thumb|upright|A detail of mosaic mural made of bottle screw tops. A high school in [[Jerusalem]].]] Mosaics have developed into a popular craft and art, and are not limited to professionals.<ref>{{cite web |title=How to... Mosaic |url=http://www.hobbycraft.co.uk/supplyimages/wf1002/how-to-mosaic-tiles.pdf |publisher=Hobbycraft |access-date=29 July 2015 |archive-date=16 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130516164750/http://www.hobbycraft.co.uk/supplyimages/WF1002/How-To-Mosaic-Tiles.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> Today's artisans and crafters work with stone, ceramics, shells, art glass, mirror, beads, and even odd items like doll parts, pearls, or photographs. While ancient mosaics tended to be architectural, modern mosaics are found covering everything from park benches and flowerpots to guitars and bicycles. Items can be as small as an earring or as large as a house. [[Trencadís]] or pique assiette (a French term – "stolen from plate") is a mosaic made from pieces of broken pottery, china, glass, buttons, figurines, or jewelry which are cemented onto a base to create a new surface. Almost any form can be used as a base, and any combination of pieces can be applied, restricted only by the individual creator's imagination. [[File:Kunst-am-campus.jpg|alt=Art mosaic, University of Bremen, Germany.|thumb|upright|Art mosaic, [[University of Bremen]], [[Germany]].]] ===In street art=== [[File:Space Invader - 2007 - Shoreditch - 1.jpg|thumb|left|A work by [[Invader (artist)|Invader]] in [[Emaux de Briare]].]] In styles that owe as much to videogame pixel art and pop culture as to traditional mosaic, street art has seen a novel reinvention and expansion of mosaic artwork. The most prominent artist working with mosaics in street art is the French [[Invader (artist)|Invader]]. He has done almost all his work in two very distinct mosaic styles, the first of which are small "traditional" tile mosaics of 8 bit video game character, installed in cities across the globe, and the second of which are a style he refers to as "Rubikcubism", which uses a kind of dual layer mosaic via grids of scrambled Rubik's Cubes. Although he is the most prominent, other street and urban artists do work in Mosaic styles as well. ===Calçada Portuguesa=== {{Main|Portuguese pavement}} [[File:CopacabanaPavement.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Copacabana (Rio de Janeiro)]]]] Portuguese pavement (in [[Portuguese Language|Portuguese]], ''Calçada Portuguesa'') is a kind of two-tone stone mosaic paving created in Portugal, and common throughout the [[Lusosphere]]. Most commonly taking the form of geometric patterns from the simple to the complex, it also is used to create complex pictorial mosaics in styles ranging from iconography to classicism and even modern design. In Portuguese-speaking countries, many cities have a large amount of their sidewalks and even, though far more occasionally, streets done in this mosaic form. [[Lisbon]] in particular maintains almost all walkways in this style.<ref>{{cite web |title=Portuguese Pavements A Calçada Portuguesa |url=http://www.lisbonlux.com/culture/calcada-portuguesa.html |publisher=Lisbon Lux |access-date=29 July 2015 |archive-date=27 January 2013 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130127000000/http://www.lisbonlux.com/culture/calcada-portuguesa.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Despite its prevalence and popularity throughout Portugal and its former colonies, and its relation to older art and architectural styles like [[Azulejo]], Portuguese and Spanish painted tilework, it is a relatively young mosaic artform, its first definitive appearance in a modernly recognizable form being in the mid-1800s. Among the most commonly used stones in this style are [[basalt]] and [[limestone]]. <!--[[File:Sunset at Liberty Square - Oil on canvas - 2012.jpg|thumb|Sunset at Liberty Square, 2012, Oil on canvas, 40x28 inches]] not a mosaic!--> Summary: Please note that all contributions to Christianpedia may be edited, altered, or removed by other contributors. If you do not want your writing to be edited mercilessly, then do not submit it here. You are also promising us that you wrote this yourself, or copied it from a public domain or similar free resource (see Christianpedia:Copyrights for details). Do not submit copyrighted work without permission! Cancel Editing help (opens in new window) Discuss this page