Holy Spirit in Christianity

===Art, literature and architecture===
{{Main article|Holy Spirit in Christian art}}'''Art'''[[File:Peter Paul Rubens - Annunciation - WGA20250.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|The Holy Spirit as a dove in the [[Annunciation]] by [[Rubens]], 1628]]
The Holy Spirit has been represented in [[Christian art]] both in the [[Eastern Church|Eastern]] and [[Western Church]]es using a variety of depictions.<ref name="Earls70">''Renaissance Art: A Topical Dictionary'' by Irene Earls 1987 {{ISBN|0313246580}}, p. 70.</ref><ref name="Gardner349">''Gardner's Art Through the Ages: The Western Perspective'' by Fred S. Kleiner {{ISBN|0495573558}}, p. 349.</ref><ref name="Lossky">Vladimir Lossky, 1999. ''The Meaning of Icons,'' {{ISBN|0913836990}}, p. 17.</ref> The depictions have ranged from nearly identical figures that represent the three persons of the [[Holy Trinity]], to a dove, to a flame.

The Holy Spirit is often depicted as a [[dove]], based on the account of the Holy Spirit descending on [[Jesus]] like a dove when he was baptized in the [[Jordan River|Jordan]] river.<ref name=Joel14/> In many paintings of the [[Annunciation]], the Holy Spirit is shown in the form of a dove, coming down towards Mary on beams of light, as the [[Archangel]] Gabriel announces [[Jesus Christ]]'s coming to [[Mary, the mother of Jesus|Mary]]. A dove may also be seen at the ear of [[Gregory the Great]] – as recorded by his secretary – or other church father authors, dictating their works to them. The dove also parallels the one that brought the olive branch to [[Noah]] after the deluge, as a symbol of peace.<ref name="Joel14">''We Believe in the Holy Spirit'' (Ancient Christian Doctrine, No. 4) by Joel C. Elowsky (2009) InterVarsity {{ISBN|0830825347}}, p. 14.</ref>

The book of Acts describes the Holy Spirit descending on the [[twelve apostles|apostles]] at Pentecost in the form of a wind and tongues of fire resting over the apostles' heads. Based on the imagery in that account, the Holy Spirit is sometimes symbolized by a flame of fire.<ref name="Eugene121">''The Holy Spirit: Classic and Contemporary Readings'' by Eugene F. Rogers Jr. (2009) Wiley {{ISBN|1405136235}}, pp. 121–123.</ref>

Ancient [[Celtic Christianity|Celtic Christians]] depicted the Holy Spirit as a goose called Ah Geadh-Glas, which means wild goose.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.circleofhope.net/benwhite/tag/ah-geadh-glas/|title=Ah Geadh-Glas Archives|website=Today, if you hear his voice|language=en-US|access-date=2020-03-11}}</ref> A goose was chosen rather than the traditional dove because geese were perceived as more free than their dove counterparts.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www1.cbn.com/biblestudy/christians-on-a-wild-goose-chase|title=Christians on a Wild Goose Chase|date=2013-09-25|website=CBN.com – The Christian Broadcasting Network|language=en|access-date=2020-03-11}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Downs|first=Annie|title=Remember God|publisher=B&H Publishing Group|year=2018|quote="But did you also know that Celtic Christians call the Holy Spirit Ah Geadh-Glas, which means "Wild Goose"? Don't you love that? Because if you've ever tried to follow the leading of the Holy Spirit, for sure it can feel like a wild goose chase."}}</ref>

'''Literature'''

The Holy Spirit has traditionally been a subject matter of strictly theological works focused on proving the central doctrines concerning the Holy Spirit, often as a response to arguments from religious groups who deny these beliefs. In recent years, however, the Holy Spirit has made an entrance into the world of (Christian) literature through books such as [[The Shack (Young novel)|The Shack]] published in 2007.

====Visual arts====
<gallery>
File:Pietro Perugino 077.jpg|Dove representation in the [[Baptism of Jesus|Baptism of Christ]] by [[Pietro Perugino]], circa 1498
File:Merazhofen Pfarrkirche Josephsaltar Altarblatt Pfingstwunder.jpg|Representation as both dove and flames, Ravensburg, Germany, 1867
File:Pentecost (Kirillo-Belozersk).jpg|Ray of light representation in Russian icon of the [[Pentecost]], 15th century
LT Kaunas, kosc Sakramentu - kopula, 2019.07.20, fot Ivonna Nowicka (1).jpg|On the [[keystone (architecture)|keystone]] (inside of the dome) of the [[Church of St. Michael the Archangel, Kaunas]]
</gallery>

====Holy Spirit cathedrals====
<gallery>
File:Belarus-Minsk-Cathedral of Holy Spirit-1.jpg|[[Holy Spirit Cathedral (Minsk)]], [[Belarus]]
File:Guildford Cathedral.jpg|[[Guildford Cathedral]], UK
File:Hradec Králové - katedrála svatého Ducha.jpg|[[Cathedral of the Holy Spirit, Hradec Králové|Cathedral in Hradec Králové, Czech Republic]]
</gallery>