England

==Demography==
{{Main|Demographics of England}}

===Population===
{{Main|English people}}
{{See also|English diaspora|Cornish people|List of urban areas in the United Kingdom}}
[[File:England counties population (crop).png|thumb|alt=Map of England with regions shaded in different shades of blue.|The [[metropolitan county|metropolitan]] and [[Non-metropolitan county|non-metropolitan counties]], colour-coded to show population]]
[[File:England and Wales population cartogram districts.svg|thumb|Population of England and Wales by administrative areas. Their size shows their population, with some approximation. Each group of squares in the map key is 20% of total number of districts.]]

With over 56&nbsp;million inhabitants, England is by far the most populous country of the United Kingdom, accounting for 84% of the combined total.<ref name="ONS mid-year pop est"/> England taken as a unit and measured against international states would be the 26th largest [[List of countries and dependencies by population|country by population]] in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |last=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs |author-link=United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs |title=World Population Prospects: Analytical Report for the 2004 |url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/WPP2004_Volume3.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090807035831/http://www.un.org/esa/population/publications/WPP2004/WPP2004_Volume3.htm |archive-date=7 August 2009 |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=United Nations}}</ref>

The [[English people]] are [[British people]].<ref name="ethnicityengl">{{Cite web |last=Office for National Statistics |author-link=Office for National Statistics |year=2011 |title=Ethnicity and National Identity in England and Wales 2011 |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rpt-ethnicity.html |access-date=5 October 2013 |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk}}</ref> There is an English diaspora in former parts of the British Empire; especially the [[United States]], [[Canada]], [[Australia]], [[South Africa]] and [[New Zealand]].{{Efn|For instance, in 1980 around 50&nbsp;million [[United States|Americans]] claimed [[English Americans|English ancestry]].<ref>{{Cite news |year=2001 |title=Shifting Identities&nbsp;– statistical data on ethnic identities in the US |publisher=Bnet |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4021/is_/ai_80408799 |url-status=dead |access-date=29 July 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112123723/http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m4021/is_/ai_80408799 |archive-date=12 January 2016}}</ref> In Canada there are around 6.5&nbsp;million [[Demographics of Canada|Canadians]] who claim [[English Canadians|English ancestry]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 April 2008 |title=Ethnic origins, 2006 counts, for Canada, provinces and territories |url=http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091101151108/http://www12.statcan.ca/english/census06/data/highlights/ethnic/pages/Page.cfm?Lang=E&Geo=PR&Code=01&Data=Count&Table=2&StartRec=1&Sort=3&Display=All&CSDFilter=5000 |archive-date=1 November 2009 |access-date=29 July 2009 |publisher=Statistics Canada}}</ref> Around 70% of [[Demographics of Australia|Australians]] in 1999 denoted their origins as [[Anglo-Celtic]], a category which includes all peoples from Great Britain and Ireland.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Centre for Population and Urban Research, Monash University |title=Australian Population: Ethnic Origins |url=http://elecpress.monash.edu.au/pnp/free/pnpv7n4/v7n4_3price.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719124226/http://elecpress.monash.edu.au/pnp/free/pnpv7n4/v7n4_3price.pdf |archive-date=19 July 2011 |access-date=29 July 2009}}</ref> Chileans of [[English Chilean|English descent]] are somewhat of an anomaly in that [[Chile]] itself was never part of the British Empire, but today there are around 420,000 people of English origins living there.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Inmigración británica en Chile |url=http://www.galeon.com/typepad/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090822074242/http://www.galeon.com/typepad/ |archive-date=22 August 2009 |access-date=29 July 2009 |publisher=Galeon.com}}</ref>}} Since the late 1990s, many English people [[British migration to Spain|have migrated]] to Spain.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Burke |first=Jason |date=9 October 2005 |title=An Englishman's home is his casa as thousands go south |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2005/oct/09/spain.spain |access-date=5 September 2009}}; {{cite news |last=Travis |first=Alan |author2=Sarah Knapton |date=16 November 2007 |title=Record numbers leave the country for life abroad |newspaper=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/society/2007/nov/16/emigration |access-date=8 August 2009}}</ref> Due in particular to the economic prosperity of [[South East England]], it has received many economic migrants from the other parts of the United Kingdom.<ref name="ethnicityengl" /> There has been [[Irish migration to Great Britain|significant Irish migration]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=16 March 2001 |title=One in four Britons claim Irish roots |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/1224611.stm |access-date=26 November 2010}}</ref> The proportion of ethnically European residents totals at 87.50%, including [[British Germans|Germans]]<ref name="migra" /> and [[Polish British|Poles]].<ref name="ethnicityengl" /> Other people from much further afield in the former British colonies have arrived since the 1950s: in particular, 6% of people living in England have family origins in the [[Indian subcontinent]], mostly [[India]], [[Pakistan]] and [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="ethnicityengl" /><ref name="migra">{{Cite news |date=7 September 2005 |title=British Immigration Map Revealed |work=BBC News |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/4218740.stm |access-date=5 September 2009}}</ref> About 0.7% are Chinese.<ref name="ethnicityengl" /><ref name="migra" /> 2.90% of the population are black, from Africa and the [[Caribbean]], especially former British colonies.<ref name="ethnicityengl" /><ref name="migra" /> In 2007, 22% of primary school children in England were from [[minority group|ethnic minority]] families,<ref name="Paton">{{Cite news |last=Paton |first=Graeme |date=1 October 2007 |title=One fifth of children from ethnic minorities |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1564365/One-fifth-of-children-from-ethnic-minorities.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=14 August 2014 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1564365/One-fifth-of-children-from-ethnic-minorities.html |archive-date=10 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and in 2011 that figure was 26.5%.<ref name="Shepherd">{{Cite news |last=Shepherd |first=Jessica |date=22 June 2011 |title=Almost a quarter of state school pupils are from an ethnic minority |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2011/jun/22/quarter-state-school-pupils-from-ethnic-minority |access-date=17 January 2014}}</ref> About half of the population increase between 1991 and 2001 was due to immigration.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Leppard |first=David |date=10 April 2005 |title=Immigration rise increases segregation in British cities |work=The Times |location=London |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/uk/article379434.ece |access-date=8 August 2009}}</ref>

England contains one indigenous national minority, the [[Cornish people]], recognised by the UK government under the [[Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities]] in 2014.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{Cite news |date=23 April 2014 |title=Cornish people formally declared a national minority along with Scots, Welsh and Irish |work=The Independent |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/cornish-people-formally-declared-a-national-minority-along-with-scots-welsh-and-irish-9278725.html |url-status=dead |access-date=23 April 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140424100108/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/cornish-people-formally-declared-a-national-minority-along-with-scots-welsh-and-irish-9278725.html |archive-date=24 April 2014}}</ref>

===Language===
{{further|Languages of the United Kingdom|English language in England}}
{| class="wikitable floatright"
|-
!Language
!Native speakers
<small>(thousands)</small><ref>[http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS204EW/view/2092957699?cols=measures QS204EW – Main language], [[Office for National Statistics]] 2011 Census. Retrieved 21 July 2015.</ref>
|-
|[[English language in England|English]]
|46,937
|-
|[[Polish language|Polish]]
|529
|-
|[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
|272
|-
|[[Urdu]]
|266
|-
|[[Bengali language|Bengali]]
|216
|-
|[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
|212
|-
|[[Arabic]]
|152
|-
|[[French language|French]]
|145
|-
|-
|[[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]
|131
|-
|[[Welsh language|Welsh]]
|8
|-
|[[Cornish language|Cornish]]
|0.6
|-
|Other
|2,267
|-
!Population
|'''51,006'''
|}

[[English language|English]], today spoken by hundreds of millions of people around the world, originated in what is now England, where it remains the principal tongue. According to a 2011 census, it is spoken well or very well by 98% of the population<ref name="CensusEnglish">{{Cite web |title=QS205EW – Proficiency in English |url=http://www.nomisweb.co.uk/census/2011/QS205EW/view/2092957699?cols=measures |access-date=20 July 2015 |website=[[Office for National Statistics]] 2011 census |quote=Out of the 51,005,610 residents of England over the age of three, 50,161,765 (98%) can speak English "well" or "very well"}}</ref> and is widely spoken around the world.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Mujica |first=Mauro E. |date=19 June 2003 |title=English: Not America's Language? |work=The Globalist |location=Washington DC |url=http://www.theglobalist.com/DBWeb/StoryId.aspx?StoryId=3229 |access-date=1 February 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080117232711/http://www.theglobalist.com/DBWeb/StoryId.aspx?StoryId=3229 |archive-date=17 January 2008}}</ref>

[[English as a second or foreign language|English language learning and teaching]] is an important [[Economics|economic activity]]. There is no [[United Kingdom legislation|legislation]] mandating an [[official language]] for England,<ref>{{Cite web |title=English language history |url=http://www.yaelf.com/history.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100213214406/http://www.yaelf.com/history.shtml |archive-date=13 February 2010 |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=Yaelf}}</ref> but English is the only language used for official business. Despite the country's relatively small size, there are many distinct [[Regional accents of English speakers#England|regional accents]].

Cornish died out as a community language in the 18th century but is being revived,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Government Offices for the English Regions |author-link=Government Offices for the English Regions |title=Cornish language |url=http://www.gos.gov.uk/gosw/culturehome/heritage/cornish/?view=Standard |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160112123830/http://www.gos.gov.uk/gosw/culturehome/heritage/cornish/?view=Standard |archive-date=12 January 2016 |access-date=22 September 2009 |publisher=gos.gov.uk}}; {{cite web |title=The Cornish Language Development Project&nbsp;– Evaluation&nbsp;– Final Report, page 20 |url=http://www.magakernow.org.uk/idoc.ashx?docid=d9bd1b63-0135-47b1-8edf-4a5e9358da06&version=-1 |publisher=Hywel Evans, Aric Lacoste / ERS |access-date=5 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007054626/http://www.magakernow.org.uk/idoc.ashx?docid=d9bd1b63-0135-47b1-8edf-4a5e9358da06&version=-1 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and is now protected under the [[European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=South West&nbsp;– Cornish Language |url=http://www.gos.gov.uk/gosw/culturehome/heritage/cornish/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081013095206/http://www.gos.gov.uk/gosw/culturehome/heritage/cornish/ |archive-date=13 October 2008 |access-date=17 September 2009 |publisher=Government Office South West}}</ref> It is spoken by 0.1% of people in [[Cornwall]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=On being a Cornish "Celt": changing Celtic heritage and traditions |url=http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/cornishcom/documents/OnbeingaCornishcelt.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090920093455/http://projects.exeter.ac.uk/cornishcom/documents/OnbeingaCornishcelt.pdf |archive-date=20 September 2009 |access-date=1 February 2009 |publisher=[[University of Exeter]]}}</ref> and is taught to some degree in several primary and secondary schools.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Cornish: They revolted in 1497, now they're at it again |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/the-cornish-they-revolted-in-1497-now-theyre-at-it-again-1782535.html |work=The Independent |location=London |access-date=17 September 2009 |first=Emily |last=Dugan |date=6 September 2009 |archive-date=19 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819072618/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/the-cornish-they-revolted-in-1497-now-theyre-at-it-again-1782535.html |url-status=dead }}; {{Cite web |year=2009 |title=Cornish in Schools |url=http://www.magakernow.org.uk/default.aspx?page=336 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007054858/http://www.magakernow.org.uk/default.aspx?page=336 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |access-date=5 October 2013 |website=Cornish Language Partnership}}</ref>

[[State school]]s teach students a [[second language]] or [[third language]] from the ages of seven, most commonly French, Spanish or German.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lipsett |first=Anthea |date=26 June 2008 |title=Number of primaries teaching foreign languages doubles |work=The Guardian |location=London |url=https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/jun/26/schools.uk2 |access-date=23 September 2009}}</ref> It was reported in 2007 that around 800,000 school students spoke a [[foreign language]] at home,<ref name="Paton" /> the most common being [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] and [[Urdu]]. However, following the 2011 census data released by the [[Office for National Statistics]], figures now show that Polish is the main language spoken in England after English.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Booth |first=Robert |date=30 January 2013 |title=Polish becomes England's second language |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2013/jan/30/polish-becomes-englands-second-language |access-date=30 January 2013}}</ref> In 2022, [[British Sign Language]] became an official language of England when the [[British Sign Language Act 2022]] came into effect.<ref>{{cite news |title=British Sign Language gets official status after 19 years of campaigning |url=https://www.itv.com/news/westcountry/2022-05-06/were-finally-recognised-british-sign-language-gets-official-status |access-date=14 June 2023 |work=ITV News |date=6 May 2022}}</ref>

===Religion===
{{Main|Religion in England}}
{{further|History of Christianity in England}}

In the 2011 census, 59.4% of the population of England specified their religion as Christian, 24.7% answered that they had no religion, 5% specified that they were [[Muslim]], while 3.7% of the population belongs to other religions and 7.2% did not give an answer.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 December 2012 |title=Table KS209EW 2011 Census: Religion, local authorities in England and Wales |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/file?uri=/peoplepopulationandcommunity/populationandmigration/populationestimates/datasets/2011censuskeystatisticsforlocalauthoritiesinenglandandwales/r21ewrttableks209ewladv1_tcm77-290705.xls |access-date=22 May 2017 |publisher=Office for National Statistics}}</ref> Christianity is the most widely practised religion in England. The [[established church]] of England is the [[Church of England]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Church of England |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/cofe/cofe_1.shtml |access-date=4 December 2010 |publisher=BBC}}</ref> which left communion with [[Vatican City|Rome]] in the 1530s when [[Henry VIII of England|Henry&nbsp;VIII]] was unable to annul his marriage to [[Catherine of Aragon]]. The church regards itself as both Catholic and [[Protestant]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=In depth history of the Church of England |url=https://www.churchofengland.org/about-us/history/detailed-history.aspx |access-date=25 January 2017 |publisher=Church of England |quote=The religious settlement that eventually emerged in the reign of Elizabeth gave the Church of England the distinctive identity that it has retained to this day. It resulted in a Church that consciously retained a large amount of continuity with the Church of the Patristic and Medieval periods in terms of its use of the catholic creeds, its pattern of ministry, its buildings and aspects of its liturgy, but which also embodied Protestant insights in its theology and in the overall shape of its liturgical practice. The way that this is often expressed is by saying that the Church of England is both 'catholic and reformed.'}}</ref>

There are [[High Church]] and [[Low Church]] traditions and some Anglicans regard themselves as [[Anglo-Catholics]], following the [[Tractarian movement]]. The monarch of the United Kingdom is the [[supreme governor of the Church of England]], which has around 26&nbsp;million baptised members (of whom the vast majority are not regular churchgoers). It forms part of the [[Anglican Communion]] with the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] acting as its symbolic worldwide head.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 June 2008 |title=Global Anglicanism at a Crossroads |url=http://pewresearch.org/pubs/896/global-anglicanism-at-a-crossroads |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813045413/http://pewresearch.org/pubs/896/global-anglicanism-at-a-crossroads |archive-date=13 August 2011 |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=PewResearch.org}}</ref> Many [[List of cathedrals in England|cathedrals]] and parish churches are historic buildings of significant architectural importance, such as [[Westminster Abbey]], [[York Minster]], [[Durham Cathedral]], and [[Salisbury Cathedral]].

[[File:Westminster Abbey, west facade, August 2014.jpg|thumb|upright|[[Westminster Abbey]] is a notable example of [[English Gothic architecture]]. The [[coronation of the British monarch]] traditionally takes place at the Abbey.]]

The second-largest Christian denomination is the [[Catholic Church]]. Since its reintroduction after the [[Catholic Emancipation]], the Church has organised ecclesiastically on an [[Roman Catholic Church in England and Wales|England and Wales]] basis where there are 4.5&nbsp;million members (most of whom are English).<ref>{{Cite news |date=9 February 2008 |title=People here "must obey the laws of the land" |work=The Daily Telegraph |location=London |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1578212/People-here-must-obey-the-laws-of-the-land.html |url-status=live |url-access=subscription |access-date=5 September 2009 |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/1578212/People-here-must-obey-the-laws-of-the-land.html |archive-date=10 January 2022}}{{cbignore}}</ref> There has been one Pope from England to date, [[Pope Adrian IV|Adrian IV]], while saints [[Bede]] and [[Anselm of Canterbury|Anselm]] are regarded as [[Doctors of the Church]].

A form of [[Protestantism]] known as [[Methodist Church of Great Britain|Methodism]] is the third largest Christian practice and grew out of Anglicanism through [[John Wesley]].<ref>{{Cite news |title=The Methodist Church |work=BBC News |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/christianity/subdivisions/methodist_1.shtml |access-date=5 September 2009}}</ref> It gained popularity in the [[mill town]]s of [[Lancashire]] and [[Yorkshire]], and among tin miners in [[Cornwall]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=AN INDEPENDENT ACADEMIC STUDY ON CORNISH |url=http://www.linguae-celticae.org/dateien/Independent_Study_on_Cornish_Language.pdf |access-date=26 December 2010 |page=8 |archive-date=2 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191102111342/http://www.linguae-celticae.org/dateien/Independent_Study_on_Cornish_Language.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> There are other [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|non-conformist]] minorities, such as [[Baptists]], [[Quakers]], [[Congregational church|Congregationalists]], [[Unitarianism|Unitarians]] and [[The Salvation Army]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cambridge History of Christianity |url=http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521815000&ss=exc |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120721000044/http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=9780521815000&ss=exc |archive-date=21 July 2012 |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=Hugh McLeod}}</ref>

The patron saint of England is [[Saint George]]; his symbolic cross is included in the flag of England.<ref name="flaghistory">{{Cite web |title=United Kingdom&nbsp;– History of the Flag |url=http://flagspot.net/flags/gb-hist.html |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=FlagSpot.net}}</ref> There are many other English and associated saints, including [[Cuthbert]], [[Edmund the Martyr|Edmund]], [[Saint Alban|Alban]], [[Wilfrid]], [[Aidan of Lindisfarne|Aidan]], [[Edward the Confessor]], [[John Fisher]], [[Thomas More]], [[Saint Petroc|Petroc]], [[Saint Piran|Piran]], [[Margaret Clitherow]] and [[Thomas Becket]]. There are non-Christian religions practised. [[Jews]] have a history of a small minority on the island since 1070.<ref name="jews">{{Cite web |title=From Expulsion (1290) to Readmission (1656): Jews and England |url=http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/350th-anniversary.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721183112/http://www.gold.ac.uk/media/350th-anniversary.pdf |archive-date=21 July 2011 |access-date=1 February 2009 |publisher=Goldsmiths.ac.uk}}</ref> They were expelled from England in 1290 following the [[Edict of Expulsion]], and were allowed back in 1656.<ref name="jews" />

Especially since the 1950s, religions from the [[British Empire|former British colonies]] have grown in numbers, due to immigration. [[Islam]] is the most common of these, now accounting for around 5% of the population in England.<ref name="statsio">{{Cite web |last=Office for National Statistics |author-link=Office for National Statistics |title=Religion |url=http://www.statistics.gov.uk/STATBASE/ssdataset.asp?vlnk=8301 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090707100949/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/STATBASE/ssdataset.asp?vlnk=8301 |archive-date=7 July 2009 |access-date=5 September 2009 |publisher=Statistics.gov.uk}}</ref> [[Hinduism]], [[Sikhism]] and [[Buddhism]] are next in number, adding up to 2.8% combined,<ref name="statsio" /> introduced from India and [[Southeast Asia]].<ref name="statsio" />

A small minority of the population practise ancient [[Pagan religion]]s. [[Neopaganism in the United Kingdom]] is primarily represented by [[Wicca]] and [[Neopagan witchcraft]], [[Neo-Druidry|Druidry]], and [[Germanic neopaganism|Heathenry]]. According to the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]], there are roughly 53,172 people who identify as Pagan in England,{{Efn|name=pagan|People who strictly identified as "Pagan". Other Pagan paths, such as Wicca or Druidism, have not been included in this number.<ref name="2011 ONS results">{{Cite web |title=2011 ONS results |url=http://ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/key-statistics-for-local-authorities-in-england-and-wales/rft-table-qs210ew.xls |access-date=28 October 2017}}</ref>}} including 11,026 [[Wicca]]ns.{{Efn|People who strictly identified as "Wiccan". Other Pagan paths, such as Druidism, and general "Pagan" have not been included in this number.<ref name="2011 ONS results" />}} 24.7% of people in England declared [[Irreligion|no religion]], compared with 14.6% in 2001.<ref name="2011 ONS results" /> [[Norwich]] had the highest such proportion at 42.5%, followed by [[Brighton and Hove]] at 42.4%.