New Zealand

===Sport===
{{Main|Sport in New Zealand}}

[[File:Haka 2006.jpg|thumb|right|alt=Rugby team wearing all black, facing the camera, knees bent, and facing toward a team wearing white|A [[haka (sports)|haka]] performed by the [[New Zealand national rugby union team|national rugby union team ("All Blacks")]] before a game. The haka is a challenge with vigorous movements and stamping of the feet.]]

Most of the major sporting codes played in New Zealand have British origins.<ref>{{cite book |first=Terry |last=Hearn |chapter=English – Popular culture |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=March 2009 |chapter-url= http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/english/12 |access-date=22 January 2012}}</ref> [[Rugby union]] is considered the [[national sport]]<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/web/nzstories.nsf/0/479c4ffcbb884149cc256b1f00001198?OpenDocument |title=Sport, Fitness and Leisure |date=2000 |work=New Zealand Official Yearbook |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |access-date=21 July 2008 |quote=Traditionally New Zealanders have excelled in rugby union, which is regarded as the national sport, and track and field athletics. |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110607011003/http://www2.stats.govt.nz/domino/external/web/nzstories.nsf/0/479c4ffcbb884149cc256b1f00001198?OpenDocument |archive-date=7 June 2011}}</ref> and attracts the most spectators.<ref name="Organised Sport">{{cite book |first=Jock |last= Phillips |chapter=Sports and leisure – Organised sports |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=February 2011 |chapter-url= http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/sports-and-leisure/4 |access-date=23 March 2011}}</ref> [[Golf]], [[netball]], [[tennis]] and [[cricket]] have the highest rates of adult participation, while netball, rugby union and [[association football|football (soccer)]] are particularly popular among young people.<ref name="Organised Sport" /><ref name="nzsssc" /> [[Thoroughbred racing in New Zealand|Horse racing]] is one of the most popular [[spectator sport]]s in New Zealand and was part of the "rugby, racing, and beer" subculture during the 1960s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Rugby, racing and beer |url= http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/media/photo/rugby-racing-and-beer |publisher=[[New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage]] |date=August 2010 |access-date=22 January 2011}}</ref> Around 54% of New Zealand adolescents participate in sports for their school.<ref name="nzsssc">{{Cite news |title= More and more students wear school sports colours |url= http://www.sportsground.co.nz/Article.asp?SiteID=19259&ArticleID=44316 |publisher=New Zealand Secondary School Sports Council |access-date= 30 March 2015 |archive-date= 18 May 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170518035647/http://www.sportsground.co.nz/Article.asp?SiteID=19259&ArticleID=44316 |url-status= dead }}</ref> Victorious rugby tours to Australia and the United Kingdom in the [[1888–89 New Zealand Native football team|late 1880s]] and the [[The Original All Blacks|early 1900s]] played an early role in instilling a national identity.<ref>{{cite book |first=Scott |last=Crawford |chapter=Rugby and the Forging of National Identity |chapter-url=http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/ASSHSSH/ASSHSSH11.pdf |date=January 1999 |editor-first=John |editor-last=Nauright |title=Sport, Power and Society in New Zealand: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives |series="ASSH Studies in Sports History" series |url-status=dead |publisher=[[Australian Society for Sports History]] |via=LA84Foundation.org (and Internet Archiave) |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20120119025021/http://www.la84foundation.org/SportsLibrary/ASSHSSH/ASSHSSH11.pdf |archive-date=19 January 2012 |access-date=22 January 2011}}</ref> Māori participation in European sports was particularly evident in rugby, and the country's team performs a [[Haka (sports)|haka]], a traditional Māori challenge, before international matches.<ref>{{cite book |first=Mark |last=Derby |chapter=Māori–Pākehā relations – Sports and race |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |date=December 2010 |chapter-url= http://www.TeAra.govt.nz/en/maori-pakeha-relations/4 |access-date=4 February 2011}}</ref> New Zealand is known for its [[extreme sport]]s, [[Adventure travel|adventure tourism]]{{sfn|Bain|2006|p=69}} and strong [[mountaineering]] tradition, as seen in the success of notable New Zealander [[Edmund Hillary|Sir Edmund Hillary]].<ref>{{cite thesis |last=Langton |first=Graham |title=A history of mountain climbing in New Zealand to 1953 |date=1996 |location=Christchurch |publisher=[[University of Canterbury]] |url= https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/3549 |access-date=12 August 2017 |page=28}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=World mourns Sir Edmund Hillary |date=11 January 2008 |work=The Age |location=Melbourne |url= http://news.theage.com.au/national/world-mourns-sir-edmund-hillary-20080111-1ldx.html}}</ref> Other outdoor pursuits such as [[cycling in New Zealand|cycling]], fishing, swimming, running, [[Tramping in New Zealand|tramping]], canoeing, hunting, snowsports, surfing and sailing are also popular.<ref name="SportsParticipation">{{cite web |url= http://www.activenzsurvey.org.nz/Documents/Participation-Levels.pdf |title=Sport and Recreation Participation Levels |publisher=[[Sport and Recreation New Zealand]] |access-date=27 November 2016 |date=2009 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150115065459/http://www.activenzsurvey.org.nz/Documents/Participation-Levels.pdf |archive-date=15 January 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref> New Zealand has seen regular sailing success in the [[America's Cup]] regatta since 1995.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Zealand and the America's Cup |url= https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/americas-cup|date=17 May 2018 |publisher=New Zealand History}}</ref> The Polynesian sport of [[waka ama]] racing has experienced a resurgence of interest in New Zealand since the 1980s.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Barclay-Kerr |first1=Hoturoa |chapter=Waka ama – outrigger canoeing |chapter-url= https://teara.govt.nz/en/waka-ama-outrigger-canoeing |title=[[Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand]] |access-date=12 August 2017 |date=September 2013}}</ref>

New Zealand has competitive international teams in [[New Zealand national rugby union team|rugby union]], [[New Zealand national rugby league team|rugby league]], [[New Zealand national netball team|netball]], [[New Zealand national cricket team|cricket]], [[New Zealand men's national softball team|softball]], and [[Team New Zealand|sailing]]. New Zealand participated at the [[Summer Olympics]] in 1908 and 1912 as [[Australasia at the Olympics|a joint team with Australia]], before first participating [[New Zealand at the Olympics|on its own]] in 1920.<ref>{{cite web |title=NZ's first Olympic century |url= https://nzhistory.govt.nz/culture/olympics/overview |publisher=[[New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage]] |access-date=27 April 2017|date=August 2016}}</ref> The country has ranked highly on a medals-to-population ratio at recent Games.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/estimates_and_projections/olympics.aspx |title=London 2012 Olympic Games: Medal strike rate – Final count (revised) |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |date=14 August 2012 |access-date=4 December 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Rio 2016 Olympic Games: Medals per capita |url= http://www.stats.govt.nz/browse_for_stats/population/estimates_and_projections/olympics-2016.aspx |publisher=[[Statistics New Zealand]] |access-date=27 April 2017|date=30 August 2016}}</ref> The [[New Zealand national rugby union team|All Blacks]], the national rugby union team, are the most successful in the history of international rugby<ref>{{cite news |last=Kerr |first=James |title=The All Blacks guide to being successful (off the field) |date=14 November 2013 |work=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |location=London |url= https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/active/10427619/The-All-Blacks-guide-to-being-successful-off-the-field.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220110/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/men/active/10427619/The-All-Blacks-guide-to-being-successful-off-the-field.html |archive-date=10 January 2022 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |access-date=4 December 2013}}{{cbignore}}</ref> and have won the [[Rugby World Cup|World Cup]] three times.<ref>{{cite web |title=New Zealand |date=2019 |work=RugbyWorldCup.com |url=https://www.rugbyworldcup.com/teams/new-zealand |access-date=3 November 2019 |archive-date=4 November 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191104085131/https://www.rugbyworldcup.com/teams/new-zealand |url-status=dead }}</ref>