Biblical canon

=== Old Testament ===
{{Main|Development of the Old Testament canon}}
{{See also|Reception of the book of Enoch in antiquity and Middle Ages}}
Another set of books, largely written during the [[intertestamental period]], are called the [[deuterocanon]] ("second canon") by Catholics, the deuterocanon or ''[[anagignoskomena]]'' ("worthy of reading") by Eastern Orthodox Churches, and the biblical apocrypha ("hidden things") by Protestants. These are works recognized by the Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Oriental Orthodox Churches as being part of scripture (and thus deuterocanonical rather than apocryphal), but Protestants do not recognize them as [[Biblical inspiration|divinely inspired]]. Some Protestant Bibles—especially the English King James Bible and the [[Lutheran Bible]]—include an "Apocrypha" section.

Many denominations recognize deuterocanonical books as good, but not on the level of the other books of the Bible. [[Anglicanism]] considers the apocrypha worthy of being "read for example of life" but not to be used "to establish any doctrine".<ref name="39articles">The foundational [[Thirty-Nine Articles]] of [[Anglicanism]], in [[wikisource:Book of Common Prayer (1863)/Articles of Religion|Article VI]], asserts that these disputed books are not (to be) used "to establish any doctrine," but "read for example of life." Although the biblical apocrypha are still used in [[Christian liturgy#Anglican Communion|Anglican Liturgy]], ("Two of the hymns used in the American Prayer Book office of Morning Prayer, the [[Benedictus (Song of Zechariah)|Benedictus es]] and [[Benedicite]], are taken from the Apocrypha. One of the offertory sentences in Holy Communion comes from an apocryphal book (Tob. 4: 8–9). Lessons from the Apocrypha are regularly appointed to read in the daily, Sunday, and special services of Morning and Evening Prayer. There are altogether 111 such lessons in the latest revised American Prayer Book Lectionary [The books used are: II Esdras, Tobit, Wisdom, Ecclesiasticus, Baruch, Three Holy Children, and I Maccabees.]" – [http://orthodoxanglican.net/downloads/apocrypha.pdf The Apocrypha, Bridge of the Testaments] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205074449/http://orthodoxanglican.net/downloads/apocrypha.pdf|date=5 February 2009}}), the modern trend has been to not even print the Old Testament Apocrypha in editions of Anglican-used Bibles.</ref> [[Luther's canon|Luther]] made a parallel statement in calling them "not considered equal to the Holy Scriptures, but [...] useful and good to read."<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rl3lcbLkHV0C&q=luther+%22are+useful+and+good+to+read%22&pg=PA521|title=The Popular and Critical Bible Encyclopædia and Scriptural Dictionary, Fully Defining and Explaining All Religious Terms, Including Biographical, Geographical, Historical, Archæological and Doctrinal Themes |page=521|editor=[[Samuel Fallows]]|publisher=The Howard-Severance company|orig-year=1901|year=1910|display-editors=etal}}</ref>

Additionally, while the books of [[Jubilees]] and [[Book of Enoch|Enoch]] are fairly well known among western scholars, 1, 2, and 3 [[Meqabyan]] are not. The three books of Meqabyan are often called the "Ethiopian Maccabees", but are completely different in content from the [[books of Maccabees]] that are known or have been canonized in other traditions. Finally, the Book of Joseph ben Gurion, or [[Josippon|Pseudo-Josephus]], is a history of the Jewish people thought to be based upon the writings of [[Josephus]].<ref group="note">Josephus's ''[[The Jewish War]]'' and ''[[Antiquities of the Jews]]'' are highly regarded by Christians because they provide valuable insight into 1st century Judaism and early Christianity. Moreover, in ''Antiquities'', Josephus made two extra-Biblical references to Jesus, which have played a crucial role in establishing him as a historical figure.</ref> The Ethiopic version (Zëna Ayhud) has eight parts and is included in the [[Orthodox Tewahedo biblical canon#Broader biblical canon|Orthodox Tewahedo broader canon]].<ref group="note">The Orthodox Tewahedo broader canon in its fullest form—which includes the narrower canon in its entirety, as well as nine additional books—is not known to exist at this time as one published compilation. Some books, though considered canonical, are nonetheless difficult to locate and are not even widely available in Ethiopia. While the narrower canon has indeed been published as one compilation, there may be no real ''emic'' distinction between the broader canon and the narrower canon, especially in so far as divine inspiration and scriptural authority are concerned. The idea of two such classifications may be nothing more than [[Emic and etic|etic]] taxonomic conjecture.</ref><ref>[http://www.ethiopianorthodox.org/english/canonical/books.html "The Bible"]. Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church. 2003. Retrieved 20 January 2012.</ref>

Some ancient copies of the [[Peshitta]] used in the [[Syriac Christianity|Syriac tradition]] include [[2 Baruch]] (divided into the Apocalypse of Baruch and the Letter of Baruch; some copies only include the Letter) and the non-canonical [[Psalms 152–155]].

The [[Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church|Ethiopian Tewahedo church]] accepts all of the deuterocanonical books of Catholicism and anagignoskomena of Eastern Orthodoxy except for the four Books of Maccabees.<ref>According to some enumerations, including Ecclesiasticus, Judith, Tobit, 1 Esdras, 4 Ezra (not including chs. 1–2 or 15–16), Wisdom, the rest of Daniel, Baruch, and 1–2 Maccabees</ref> It accepts the 39 protocanonical books along with the following books, called the "[[Bible translations into Amharic#New Haile Selassie I Bible (1962)|narrow canon]]".<ref>These books are accounted pseudepigrapha by all other Christian groups, Protestant, Catholic, and Orthodox (Charlesworth's Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, Introduction)</ref> The enumeration of books in the Ethiopic Bible varies greatly between different authorities and printings.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.islamic-awareness.org/Bible/Text/Canon/ethiopican.html |title=The Biblical Canon of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church Today |publisher=Islamic-awareness.org |access-date=2012-08-14}}</ref>

Protestants and Catholics<ref name="CDWDS_(2001)">{{cite web|author=Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments|date=7 May 2001|title=Liturgiam Authenticam|url=https://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/congregations/ccdds/documents/rc_con_ccdds_doc_20010507_liturgiam-authenticam_en.html|access-date=18 January 2012|location=Vatican City|language=la, en|quote=Canon 24. 'Furthermore, it is not permissible that the translations be produced from other translations already made into other languages; rather, the new translations must be made directly from the original texts, namely&nbsp;... the Hebrew, Aramaic, or Greek, as the case may be, as regards the texts of Sacred Scripture.'}}</ref> use the [[Masoretic Text]] of the Jewish Tanakh as the textual basis for their translations of the [[protocanonical books]] (those accepted as canonical by both Jews and all Christians), with various changes derived from a multiplicity of other ancient sources (such as the [[Septuagint]], the [[Vulgate]], the [[Dead Sea Scrolls]], etc.), while generally using the Septuagint and Vulgate, now supplemented by the ancient Hebrew and Aramaic manuscripts, as the textual basis for the [[deuterocanonical books]].

Eastern Orthodoxy uses the [[Septuagint]] (translated in the 3rd century BCE) as the textual basis for the entire Old Testament in both protocanonical and deuteroncanonical books—to use both in the Greek for [[liturgical]] purposes, and as the basis for translations into the [[vernacular]].<ref>{{cite book|last=Ware|first=Timothy|title=The Orthodox Church: New Edition|year=1993|publisher=Penguin Books|isbn=978-0-14-014656-1|page=368}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Orthodox Study Bible|year=2008|publisher=Thomas Nelson|location=Nashville, TN|isbn=978-0-7180-0359-3|page=1824|edition=Annotated|chapter=Introduction}}</ref> Most of the quotations (300 of 400) of the Old Testament in the New Testament, while differing more or less from the version presented by the Masoretic text, align with that of the Septuagint.<ref>{{cite book|last=McLay|first=R. Timothy|title=The Use of the Septuagint in New Testament Research|year=2004|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdman's|isbn=978-0-8028-6091-0|page=222}}</ref>

[[Marcionism]] rejects the Old Testament entirely; Marcion considered the Old Testament and New Testament gods to be different entities.

==== Old Testament table ====
The order of some books varies among canons.
{{sticky header}}{{sort under}}
{| class="wikitable sortable sticky-header-multi sort-under"
|-
! style="width:90px;"|
!| [[Judaism]]
! colspan=4 | [[Western Christianity|Western]] tradition
! colspan=3 | [[Eastern Orthodox Church|Eastern Orthodox]] tradition
! colspan=4 | [[Oriental Orthodoxy|Oriental Orthodox]] tradition
!

|-
! style="width:90px;"| Books
! style="width:109px;"| [[Hebrew Bible]]<br /><ref group="O" name="Hebrew">The canon followed by the Masoretic Text is adhered to by modern Jews and is known as the Protocanon among Christians, but "it is now recognized that only 2 Maccabees, and additions to Esther (13,1) were written in Greek. And the notion of Greek: diaspora/Hebrew: Palestine in matters of canon has been controverted by clear evidence of the circulation of the Septuagint in Palestine..." see: Sundberg Jr, Albert C. "The" Old Testament": A Christian Canon." ''The Catholic Biblical Quarterly'' (1968): 143-155, p.145.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Protestant]]<br /><ref group="O" name="Protestant">The term "Protestant" is used loosely here to include most Western non-Roman Catholic churches but not Anglicans. Most Christians in this category include only the protocanon, but there are "churches that include the Apocrypha or Deuterocanonical writings in their Bibles [which] ''generally'' follow the R-H LXX edition", see: Lee Martin McDonald, "A Canonical History of the Old Testament Apocrypha." ''The Oxford Handbook of the Apocrypha'' (2021): 24, p.45.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Martin Luther|Luther's]] [[Luther's canon|1534 Canon]]<br /><ref group="O" name="Luther">Edmon L. Gallagher and John D. Meade. ''The biblical canon lists from early Christianity: Texts and analysis.'' (Oxford: OUP, 2017), pp.xx-xxii.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Anglican Communion|Anglican]]<br /><ref group="O" name="Anglican">''Articles of Religion'' 1571, The Church of England. Available at: https://www.churchofengland.org/prayer-and-worship/worship-texts-and-resources/book-common-prayer/articles-religion#VII (Accessed: 07 November 2023).</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Latin Church|Latin Catholicism]]<ref name=":0"/><br /><ref group="O" name="Catholic">The Roman Catholic Canon as represented in this table reflects the Latin tradition. Some Eastern Rite churches who are in fellowship with the Roman Catholic Church may have different books in their canons.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Greek Orthodox Church|Greek Orthodox]]<ref group="O" name="GrOrthodox">Edmon L. Gallagher and John D. Meade. ''The biblical canon lists from early Christianity: Texts and analysis.'' (Oxford: OUP, 2017), pp.xx-xxii.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Russian Orthodox Church|Russian Orthodox]]<ref group="O" name="ROrthodox">"The Old Testament, as it functions in the Russian Orthodox Church, contains the thirty-nine books which are part of what other traditions call the Protocanon, as well as eleven other books...[:] "2 Ездры" (3 Esdras in the Vulgate; 'Εσδρας Α' in the Septuagint), Tobit, Judith, Wisdom of Solomon, Sirach (Ecclesiasticus), Letter of Jeremiah, Baruch, 1, 2, and 3 Maccabees, and finally "3 Ездры" (4 Esdras in the Vulgate). To these books should be added the non-canonical sections of Daniel (i.e., Song of the Three Young Men, Susanna, Bel and the Dragon), Esther, Psalms (i.e., Ps 151), and the Prayer of Manasseh placed at the end of 2 Chronicles. These sections are not included separately, but as part of these respective books." See: Lénart J. De Regt, "Canon and Biblical Text in the Slavonic Tradition in Russia." ''The Bible Translator'' 67.2 (2016): 223-239, pp.223-224.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Georgian Orthodox Church|Georgian Orthodox]]<ref group="O" name="GeOrthodox">Anna Kharanauli, "The Georgian Canon." ''Textual history of the Bible; Volume 2A: The deuterocanonical scriptures: Overview articles'' (2020): 258-268.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Armenian Apostolic Church|Armenian Apostolic]]<ref group="O" name="Armenian">The growth and development of the Armenian Biblical canon is complex. Extra-canonical Old Testament books appear in historical canon lists and recensions that are either exclusive to this tradition, or where they do exist elsewhere, never achieved the same status. See: Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists I—the Council of Partaw (768 CE)." ''Harvard Theological Review'' 66.4 (1973): 479-486; Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists II—The Stichometry of Anania of Shirak (c. 615-c. 690 CE.)." Harvard Theological Review 68.3-4 (1975): 253-260. Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists III—The Lists of Mechitar of Ayrivankʿ (c. 1285 CE)." ''Harvard Theological Review'' 69.3-4 (1976): 289-300 Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists IV—The List of Gregory of Tatʿew (14th Century)." ''Harvard Theological Review'' 72.3-4 (1979): 237-244;  Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists V—Anonymous Texts." ''Harvard Theological Review'' 83.2 (1990): 141-161; Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists VI—Hebrew Names and Other Attestations." ''Harvard Theological Review'' 94.4 (2001): 477-491. Michael E. Stone, "Armenian Canon Lists VII: The Poetic List of Aṙak 'el of Siwnik '(d. 1409)." ''Harvard Theological Review'' 104.3 (2011): 367-379.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Syriac Orthodox Church|Syriac Orthodox]]<ref group="O" name="SOrthodox">"The disputed books are often grouped together at the end of their OT canon (cf. ms. Sinai Syr. 10) including 1-4 Maccabees, Judith, Wisdom, 3 Esdras, and Ben Sirach, but the Syrian canon varies in the three Bibles from which subsequent editions are based." See: Lee Martin McDonald, "A Canonical History of the Old Testament Apocrypha." ''The Oxford Handbook of the Apocrypha'' (2021): 24, p.45.</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria|Coptic Orthodox]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Deuterocanonical Books |url=https://www.lacopts.org/orthodoxy/our-faith/the-holy-bible/the-deuterocanonical-books/| publisher= Coptic Orthodox Diocese of Los Angeles|access-date=23 January 2012 }}</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Orthodox Tewahedo]]<ref>{{cite web |title=The Bible |url=http://www.ethiopianorthodox.org/english/canonical/books.html |publisher=Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church |access-date=23 January 2012}}</ref>
! style="width:109px;"| [[Church of the East]]<ref group="O" name="Babaism">The Church of the East "persisted in using the shorter canon" and the Syriac Deuterocanonicals were not included in Lamsa's translation, though he admitted that "Apocryphal books are [usually] included in the text, they are looked upon as a sacred literature, even though they are not as_commonly used as the others." See: Ron Grove, ''Canon and community: authority in the history of religions'' University of California, Santa Barbara, 1983, p.160. It should also be noted that "...conversion to Christianity started after most books were translated, but before the translation of Ezra, Nehemiah and Chronicles... When later converts brought the last books, "there were those in the church who considered that the limits of the Old Testament in Syriac had already been defined" (Weitzman, 1999, p.261). These last books never attained the same status in the Church of the East as the earlier books of the Old Testament." See: Henk Prenger, "The History of the Church of the East." ''Biola ISCL 742'' (2010), p,54</ref>
|-
|
| style="text-align:center;"| ''Torah''
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Pentateuch]]''
|-
| [[Book of Genesis|Genesis]] || {{Yes}}|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Exodus|Exodus]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Leviticus]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Numbers|Numbers]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Deuteronomy]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
|
| style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Nevi'im]]''
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Historical books]]''
|-
| [[Book of Joshua|Joshua]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Josue || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Judges|Judges]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Ruth|Ruth]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Books of Samuel|1 and 2 Samuel]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Kings || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Kingdoms || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Kingdoms || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Kingdoms || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Kingdoms || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Books of Kings|1 and 2 Kings]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />3 and 4 Kings || {{Yes}}<br />3 and 4 Kingdoms || {{Yes}}<br />3 and 4 Kingdoms || {{Yes}}<br />3 and 4 Kingdoms || {{Yes}}<br />3 and 4 Kingdoms || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Books of Chronicles|1 and 2 Chronicles]] || {{Yes}}<br />(part of Ketuvim) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Paralipomenon || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Paralipomenon || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Paralipomenon || {{Yes}}<br />1 and 2 Paralipomenon || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Prayer of Manasseh]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha)<ref group="O" name="Apocrypha">The English Apocrypha includes the Prayer of Manasseh, 1 & 2 Esdras, the Additions to Esther, Tobit, Judith, 1 & 2 Maccabees, the Book of Wisdom, Sirach, Baruch, the Letter of Jeremiah, and the Additions to Daniel. The Lutheran Apocrypha omits from this list 1 & 2 Esdras. Some Protestant Bibles include 3 Maccabees as part of the Apocrypha. However, many churches within Protestantism—as it is presented here—reject the Apocrypha, do not consider it useful, and do not include it in their Bibles.</ref>|| style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;" | No <br />(Apocrypha)<ref group=O name=Apocrypha/> || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – (inc. in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate) || {{Yes}} (?)<br />(part of Odes)<ref group=O name=Manasseh>The Prayer of Manasseh is included as part of the [[Book of Odes (Bible)|Book of Odes]], which follows the Psalms in Eastern Orthodox Bibles. The rest of the Book of Odes consists of passages found elsewhere in the Bible. It may also be found at the end of 2 Chronicles (2 Paralipomenon)</ref> || {{Yes}} (?)<br />(part of Odes)<ref group=O name=Manasseh/> || {{Yes}} (?)<br />(part of Odes)<ref group=O name=Manasseh/> || {{Yes}} (?) || {{Yes}} (?) || {{Yes}}<ref>read at Easter Saturday vigil</ref> || {{Yes}} <br /> (part of 2 Chronicles) || {{Yes}} (?)
|-
| [[Book of Ezra|Ezra<br />(1 Ezra)]] || rowspan=2 {{Yes}}<br />(part of Ketuvim) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} <br />1 Esdras || {{Yes}} <br />Esdras B' || {{Yes}} <br />1 Esdras || {{Yes}}<br />1 Ezra || {{Yes}}<br />1 Ezra || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} 
|-
| [[Book of Nehemiah|Nehemiah<br />(2 Ezra)]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} <br />2 Esdras || {{Yes}} <br />Esdras Γ' or Neemias || {{Yes}}<br />Neemias || {{Yes}}<br />Neemias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} 
|-
| [[1 Esdras]]<br />(3 Ezra) || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No<br />1 Esdras<br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – (inc. in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate as 3 Esdras.)<ref name="Esdras">{{cite web|url=https://www.catholic.com/qa/are-1-and-2-esdras-non-canonical-books|title=Are 1 and 2 Esdras non-canonical books?|publisher=[[Catholic Answers]]|access-date=29 August 2020}}</ref>|| {{Yes}} <br />Esdras A' || {{Yes}} <br />2 Esdras || {{Yes}}<br />2 Ezra || style="background:#1CAC78; text-align:center;"| Yes<br />2 Ezra<ref group="O" name="exc">2 Ezra, 3 Ezra, and 3 Maccabees are included in Bibles and have an elevated status within the Armenian scriptural tradition, but are considered "extra-canonical".</ref>|| style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;" | No (?) – inc. in some mss. || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. || {{Yes}}<br />Ezra Kali || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. 
|-
| [[2 Esdras]] 3–14<br />(4 Ezra or Apocalypsis of Esdras)<ref group="O" name="esdras">In many eastern Bibles, the Apocalypse of Ezra is not an exact match to the longer Latin Esdras–2 Esdras in KJV or 4 Esdras in the Vulgate—which includes a Latin prologue (5 Ezra) and epilogue (6 Ezra). However, a degree of uncertainty continues to exist here, and it is certainly possible that the full text—including the prologue and epilogue—appears in Bibles and Biblical manuscripts used by some of these eastern traditions. Also of note is the fact that many Latin versions are missing verses 7:36–7:106. (A more complete explanation of the various divisions of books associated with the scribe Ezra may be found in the Wikipedia article entitled "[[Esdras]]".)</ref> || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;" | No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No<br />2 Esdras<br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – (inc in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate as 4 Esdras.) || {{No}}<br />(Greek ms. lost)<ref group=O name=lost>Evidence strongly suggests that a Greek manuscript of 4 Ezra once existed; this furthermore implies a Hebrew origin for the text.</ref> || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />3 Esdras<br />(appendix) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No<br />3 Ezra<br />– inc. as noncanonical<ref group="O" name="Georgian">In Eastern Orthodox Churches, including the Georgian Orthodox Church, Ecumenical Councils are the highest written determining church authority on the lists of Biblical books. Canon 2 of the Quintsext Council, held in Trullo and affirmed by the Eastern Orthodox Churches, listed and affirmed Biblical Canon lists, such as the list in Canon 85 of the Canons of the Apostles. Trullo's Biblical Canon lists affirmed documents such as 1-3 Maccabees, but neither Slavonic 3 Esdra/Ezra (AKA Vulgate "4 Ezra/Esdras"), nor 4 Maccabees. Source: Canon 2, Council of Trullo, https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/3814.htm 
Georgian Orthodox Bibles apparently tend to include Slavonic 3 Esdra/Ezra and 4 Maccabees (both apocryphal). Contemporary Georgian Orthodox Bibles may mark them and the Deuterocanonical Books (eg. 1-3 Maccabees) as "noncanonical." See eg. "The Old Testament in Modern Georgian Language" on the following Georgian Orthodox website: http://www.orthodoxy.ge/tserili/biblia/sarchevi.htm</ref> || style="background:#1CAC78; text-align:center;" | Yes<br />3 Ezra<ref group=O name=exc/> || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. || {{Yes}}<br />Ezra Sutu'el || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. 
|-
| [[2 Esdras]] 1–2; 15–16<br />(5 and 6 Ezra or Apocalypsis of Esdras)<ref group=O name=esdras/> || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No<br />(part of 2 Esdras apocryphon) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – (inc. in Appendix in Clementine Vulgate as 4 Esdras.) || {{No}}<br />(Greek ms.)<ref group=O name=6ez>An early fragment of 6 Ezra is known to exist in the Greek language, implying a possible Hebrew origin for 2 Esdras 15–16.</ref> || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Book of Esther|Esther]]<ref group="O" name="Esther">Esther's placement within the canon was questioned by Luther. Others, like Melito, omitted it from the canon altogether.</ref> || {{Yes}}<br />Ester (part of Ketuvim) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Additions to Esther]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) ||style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) ||style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}} (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Tobit|Tobit]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}}<br />Tobias (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Judith|Judith]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}} (Deuterocanonical)|| {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[1 Maccabees]]<ref name="maccabees" group="O">The [[Latin Vulgate]], [[Douay–Rheims Bible|Douay–Rheims]], and [[Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition]] place First and Second Maccabees after Malachi; other Catholic translations place them after Esther.</ref> || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;" | No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}}<br />1 Machabees (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[2 Maccabees]]<ref name="maccabees" group=O /> || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}}<br />2 Machabees (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[3 Maccabees]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in [[Revised Standard Version|RSV]] and [[New Revised Standard Version|NRSV]] (Apocrypha)  ||style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || style="background:#1CAC78; text-align:center;"| Yes<ref group=O name=exc/>|| {{Yes}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No || {{No}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[4 Maccabees]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. [[Revised Standard Version|RSV]] and [[New Revised Standard Version|NRSV]] (Apocrypha) || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(appendix) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(appendix) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. as noncanonical<ref group=O name=Georgian /> || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No<br />(early tradition)|| style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. ||style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No<br />(Coptic ms,) || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss.
|-
| [[5 Maccabees]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}|| {{Yes}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Jubilees]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Book of Enoch|1 Enoch]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[2 Enoch]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[3 Enoch]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Meqabyan|1 Ethiopic Maccabees]]<br />(1 Meqabyan) || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Meqabyan|2 and 3 Ethiopic Maccabees]]<ref group="O" name="Meqabyan">2 and 3 Meqabyan, though relatively unrelated in content, are often counted as a single book.</ref><br />(2 and 3 Meqabyan) || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Josippon|Ethiopic Pseudo-Josephus]] (Zëna Ayhud) || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#40E0D0; text-align:center;"| Yes<br />(broader canon)<ref group="O" name="Jossipon">Some sources place Zëna Ayhud within the "narrower canon".</ref>|| {{No}}
|-
| [[The Jewish War|Josephus' ''Jewish War VI'']] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss.<ref group="O" name="Josephus">A Syriac version of Josephus's ''Jewish War VI'' appears in some Peshitta manuscripts as the "[[5 Maccabees#Title|Fifth Book of Maccabees]]", which is clearly a misnomer.</ref>|| {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss.<ref group=O name=Josephus/> 
|-
| [[Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}<br />(Greek ms.) || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[Joseph and Asenath]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No<br />(early tradition?)<ref group="O" name="ethasenath">Several varying historical canon lists exist for the Orthodox Tewahedo tradition. In one particular [http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/harden_ethiopic_literature.htm#CHAPTER_IV list] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060810221758/http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/harden_ethiopic_literature.htm#CHAPTER_IV |date=10 August 2006 }} found in a British Library manuscript (Add MS 16188), a book of [[Asenath|Assenath]] is placed within the canon. This most likely refers to the book more commonly known as ''Joseph and Asenath''. An unknown book of [[Uzziah]] is also listed there, which may be connected to the lost [[Acts of Uzziah]] referenced in 2 Chronicles 26:22.</ref>|| {{No}}
|-
|
| style="text-align:center;"| ''[[Ketuvim]]''
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Wisdom literature#Biblical wisdom literature and Jewish texts|Wisdom literature]]''
|-
| [[Book of Job]] || {{Yes}}<br />Iyov || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Psalms|Psalms 1–150]]<ref group="O" name="psb">Some traditions use an alternative set of liturgical or metrical Psalms.</ref> || {{Yes}}<br />Tehillim || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Psalm 151]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in [[Revised Standard Version|RSV]] and [[New Revised Standard Version|NRSV]] (Apocrypha) || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Psalm 152-155|Psalms 152–155]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. 
|-
| [[Psalms of Solomon]]<ref group="O" name="OSO">In many ancient manuscripts, a distinct collection known as the [[Odes of Solomon]] is found together with the similar Psalms of Solomon.</ref> || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No – inc. in some mss. 
|-
| [[Book of Proverbs|Proverbs]] || {{Yes}}<br />Mishlei || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />(in 2 books) || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Ecclesiastes]] || {{Yes}}<br />Qohelet || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Song of Songs]] || {{Yes}}<br />Shir Hashirim || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Canticle of Canticles || {{Yes}}<br />Aisma Aismaton || {{Yes}}<br />Aisma Aismaton || {{Yes}}<br />Aisma Aismaton || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Wisdom]] or Wisdom of Solomon || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}} (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Wisdom of Sirach]] or Sirach (1–51)<ref group="O" name="prologue">The book of Sirach is usually preceded by a non-canonical prologue written by the author's grandson.</ref> || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;" | No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}}<ref group=O name=sir51>In the Latin Vulgate and Douay-Rheims, chapter 51 of Ecclesiasticus appears separately as the "Prayer of Joshua, son of Sirach".</ref><br />Ecclesiasticus (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Prayer of Solomon]]<br />(Sirach 52)<ref group="O" name="Solomon">A shorter variant of the prayer by King Solomon in 1 Kings 8:22–52 appeared in some medieval Latin manuscripts and is found in some Latin Bibles at the end of or immediately following Ecclesiasticus. The two versions of the prayer in Latin may be viewed online for comparison at the following website: [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?search=Sirach%2052;1%20Kings%208:22-52&version=VULGATE BibleGateway.com: Sirach 52 / 1 Kings 8:22–52; Vulgate]</ref> || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{ No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
|
| style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Nevi'im]]''
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Major prophet]]s''
|-
| [[Book of Isaiah|Isaiah]] || {{Yes}}<br />Yeshayahu || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Isaias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Ascension of Isaiah]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No – <br /> liturgical (?)<ref group="O" name="Martyrdom">The "Martyrdom of Isaiah" is prescribed reading to honor the prophet Isaiah within the Armenian Apostolic liturgy. While this likely refers to the account of Isaiah's death within the Lives of the Prophets, it may be a reference to the account of his death found within the first five chapters of the Ascension of Isaiah, which is widely known by this name. The two narratives have similarities and may share a common source.</ref>|| {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No –<br />Ethiopic mss.<br />(early tradition?)<ref group="O" name="Ascension">The Ascension of Isaiah has long been known to be a part of the Orthodox Tewahedo scriptural tradition. Though it is not currently considered canonical, various sources attest to the early canonicity—or at least "semi-canonicity"—of this book.</ref>|| {{No}}
|-
| [[Book of Jeremiah|Jeremiah]] || {{Yes}}<br />Yirmeyahu || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Jeremias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Lamentations|Lamentations (1–5)]] || {{Yes}}<br />Eikhah (part of Ketuvim) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<ref group=O name=lam5>In some Latin versions, chapter 5 of Lamentations appears separately as the "Prayer of Jeremiah".</ref> || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />(part of [[Paralipomena of Baruch|Säqoqawä Eremyas]])<ref group=O name=ethlam>Ethiopic Lamentations consists of eleven chapters, parts of which are considered to be non-canonical.</ref> || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Paralipomena of Baruch|Ethiopic Lamentations (6; 7:1–11:63)]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}}<br />(part of Säqoqawä Eremyas)<ref group=O name=ethlam/> || {{No}}
|-
| [[Book of Baruch|Baruch]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}} (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<ref group=O name=ebar>The canonical Ethiopic version of Baruch has five chapters, but is shorter than the LXX text.</ref><ref group=O name=ebar6>Some Ethiopic translations of Baruch may include the traditional Letter of Jeremiah as the sixth chapter.</ref>|| {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Letter of Jeremiah]] || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;"| No − inc. in some mss as Baruch Chapter 6. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}}<br />(chapter 6 of Baruch) (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />(part of Säqoqawä Eremyas)<ref group=O name=lam6>The "Letter to the Captives" found within Säqoqawä Eremyas—and also known as the sixth chapter of Ethiopic Lamentations—''may'' contain different content from the Letter of Jeremiah (to those same captives) found in other traditions.</ref><ref group=O name=ethlam/><ref group=O name=ebar6/> || {{Yes}}
|-
| Syriac Apocalypse<br />of Baruch<br />([[2 Baruch]] 1–77)<ref group=O name=Baruch2/> || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss. 
|-
| [[Letter of Baruch]]<br />([[2 Baruch]] 78–87)<ref group="O" name="Baruch2">The Letter of Baruch is found in chapters 78–87 of 2 Baruch—the final ten chapters of the book. The letter had a wider circulation and often appeared separately from the first 77 chapters of the book, which is an apocalypse.</ref> || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss.<ref name="apoc-in-e-chart">The Apocrypha in Ecumenical Perspective : The Place of the Late Writings of the Old Testament Among the Biblical Writings and their Significance in the Eastern and Western Church Traditions, p. 160</ref> || {{No}} || {{No}} || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No (?) – inc. in some mss.<ref name="apoc-in-e-chart" />
|-
| Greek Apocalypse<br />of Baruch<br />([[3 Baruch]])<ref group="O" name="Greeka">Included here for the purpose of disambiguation, 3 Baruch is widely rejected as a pseudepigraphon and is not part of any Biblical tradition. Two manuscripts exist—a longer Greek manuscript with Christian interpolations and a shorter Slavonic version. There is some uncertainty about which was written first.</ref> || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} <br />(Greek ms.) || {{No}} <br />(Slavonic ms.) || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}}
|-
| [[4 Baruch]] || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{No}} || {{Yes}}<br />(part of Säqoqawä Eremyas) || {{No}}
|-
| [[Book of Ezekiel|Ezekiel]] || {{Yes}}<br />Yekhezqel || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Ezechiel || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Daniel|Daniel]] || {{Yes}}<br />Daniyyel (part of Ketuvim) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Additions to Daniel]]<ref group="O" name="Daniel">[[Bel and the Dragon]], [[Susanna (Book of Daniel)|Susanna]], and [[The Prayer of Azariah and Song of the Three Holy Children]].</ref> || {{No}} || style="background:#FFA6C9; text-align:center;" | No − inc. in some mss. (Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || style="background:#fc9; text-align:center;"| No <br />(Apocrypha) || {{Yes}} (Deuterocanonical) || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
|
| style="text-align:center;" | ''Trei Asar''
| colspan="12" style="text-align:center;" | ''[[Twelve Minor Prophets]]''
|-
| [[Book of Hosea|Hosea]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Osee || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Joel|Joel]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Amos|Amos]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Obadiah|Obadiah]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Abdias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Jonah|Jonah]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Jonas || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Micah|Micah]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Micheas || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Nahum|Nahum]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Habakkuk|Habakkuk]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Habacuc || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Zephaniah|Zephaniah]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Sophonias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Haggai|Haggai]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Aggeus || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Zechariah|Zechariah]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Zacharias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|-
| [[Book of Malachi|Malachi]] || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}<br />Malachias || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}} || {{Yes}}
|}

===== Old Testament table notes =====
The table uses the spellings and names present in modern editions of the Bible, such as the [[New American Bible Revised Edition]], [[Revised Standard Version]] and [[English Standard Version]]. The spelling and names in both the 1609–1610 [[Douay–Rheims Bible|Douay]] Old Testament (and in the 1582 Rheims New Testament) and the 1749 revision by [[Bishop Challoner]] (the edition currently in print used by many Catholics, and the source of traditional Catholic spellings in English) and in the Septuagint differ from those spellings and names used in modern editions that derive from the Hebrew Masoretic text.<ref>Generally due to derivation from transliterations of names used in the Latin Vulgate in the case of Catholicism, and from transliterations of the Greek Septuagint in the case of the Orthodox (as opposed to derivation of translations, instead of transliterations, of Hebrew titles) such [[Ecclesiasticus]] (DRC) instead of [[Sirach]] (LXX) or [[Ben Sira]] (Hebrew), [[Paralipomenon]] (Greek, meaning "things omitted") instead of [[Books of Chronicles|Chronicles]], Sophonias instead of [[Zephaniah]], Noe instead of [[Noah]], Henoch instead of [[Enoch (ancestor of Noah)|Enoch]], [[Messias]] instead of [[Messiah]], Sion instead of [[Zion]], etc.</ref>

The King James Version references some of these books by the traditional spelling when referring to them in the New Testament, such as "Esaias" (for Isaiah). In the spirit of [[ecumenism]] more recent Catholic translations (e.g., the [[New American Bible]], [[Jerusalem Bible]], and ecumenical translations used by Catholics, such as the [[Revised Standard Version Catholic Edition]]) use the same "standardized" (King James Version) spellings and names as Protestant Bibles (e.g., 1 Chronicles, as opposed to the Douay 1 Paralipomenon, 1–2 Samuel and 1–2 Kings, instead of 1–4 Kings) in the [[Protocanonical books|protocanonicals]].

The [[Talmud]] in [[Bava Batra]] 14b gives a different order for the books in ''Nevi'im'' and ''Ketuvim''. This order is also quoted in [[Mishneh Torah]] Hilchot [[Sefer (Hebrew)|Sefer]] [[Torah]] 7:15. The order of the books of the Torah are universal through all denominations of Judaism and Christianity.

<references group="O" />