Austria

===Language===
{{Main|Languages of Austria}}
[[File:Oesterreichisches Woerterbuch 43. Auflage Deckel.jpg|thumb|right|The school version of the 43rd edition of the ''[[Österreichisches Wörterbuch]]'' for [[Austrian German|Austrian language]], 2018]]
The official language of current Austrian state has been [[German language|German]] since 1920, based on article 8 of [[Federal Constitutional Law|its constitution the same year]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Dokumentnummer=NOR40066723|title=Bundes-Verfassungsgesetz Art. 8 (Austrian Constitution)|date=2023-11-23|language=de|access-date=26 November 2023|archive-date=11 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111174337/https://www.ris.bka.gv.at/Dokument.wxe?Abfrage=Bundesnormen&Dokumentnummer=NOR40066723|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Austrian German]] or Austrian (a variety of [[Standard High German]]) is usually written in Austria and Italian [[South Tyrol]], it has been standardized in Austria since the [[Ministry of Education, Science and Research]] published the ''[[Österreichisches Wörterbuch]]'' in 1951, though used primarily just in education, publications, announcements, and websites. However, the ''de facto'' common spoken languages of Austria are not Austrian German taught in schools but [[Bavarian language|Bavarian]] and [[Alemannic German|Alemannic]] dialects: Two [[Upper German]] local languages or collection of dialects with varying degrees of difficulty being understood by each other as well as by speakers of non-Austrian German dialects. Taken as a collective whole, [[German dialects|German languages or dialects]] are thus spoken natively by 88.6% of the population, which includes the 2.5% German-born citizens who reside in Austria, followed by Turkish (2.28%), Serbian (2.21%), Croatian (1.63%), English (0.73%), Hungarian (0.51%), Bosnian (0.43%), Polish (0.35%), Albanian (0.35%), Slovenian (0.31%), Czech (0.22%), Arabic (0.22%), and Romanian (0.21%).<ref name="Language">{{Cite web |title=Die Bevölkerung nach Umgangssprache, Staatsangehörigkeit und Geburtsland |url=http://www.statistik.at/web_de/static/bevoelkerung_2001_nach_umgangssprache_staatsangehoerigkeit_und_geburtsland_022896.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101113171636/http://www.statistik.at/web_de/static/bevoelkerung_2001_nach_umgangssprache_staatsangehoerigkeit_und_geburtsland_022896.pdf |archive-date=13 November 2010 |access-date=17 November 2010 |publisher=Statistik Austria }}</ref>

The Austrian federal states [[Carinthia (state)|Carinthia]] and [[Styria]] are home to a significant indigenous [[Carinthian Slovenes|Slovene-speaking minority]] while in the easternmost federal state, [[Burgenland]] (formerly part of the Hungarian portion of [[Austria-Hungary]]), there are significant [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]- and [[Croatian language|Croatian]]-speaking minorities. [[Burgenland Croatian]], Hungarian, and [[Slovenian language|Slovene]] are also recognized as [[official language]]s beside German in parts of Carinthia and Burgenland.<ref name="demokratiewebstatt.at" /><ref name="Regional Languages of Austria" />
[[File:Oberwart - Felsőőr.JPG|thumb|Bilingual sign of [[Oberwart]] (in [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]] ''Felsőőr'') in [[Burgenland]]]]
According to census information published by [[Statistik Austria]] for 2001<ref name="Language"/> there were a total of 710,926 foreign nationals living in Austria. Of these, the largest by far are 283,334 foreign nationals from the [[Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia|former Yugoslavia]] (of whom 135,336 speak Serbian; 105,487 Croatian; 31,591 Bosnian–i.e. 272,414 Austrian resident native speakers in total, plus 6,902 Slovenian and 4,018 [[Macedonian language|Macedonian]] speakers).