Oceania

===Fauna===
{{Main|Fauna of Australia|Birds of Australia|Birds of New Zealand|Fauna of New Zealand|Mammals of Australia|List of birds of Australia|List of birds of New Zealand|Domesticated animals of Austronesia}}
[[File:Norfolk Robin (Petroica multicolor) in the Norfolk Island.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|The [[Pacific robin]] inhabits the islands of the south western Pacific.<ref name="IUCN" />]]
The aptly named [[Pacific kingfisher]] is found in the Pacific Islands,<ref name="handbirds" /> as is the [[Red-vented bulbul]],<ref name="icunet22717" /> [[Polynesian starling]],<ref name="hawaiibirds" /> [[Brown goshawk]],<ref name="birdsback" /> [[Pacific Swallow]]<ref name="Turner" /> and the [[Cardinal myzomela]], among others.<ref name="cardinal" /> Birds breeding on [[Pitcairn]] include the [[fairy tern]], [[common noddy]], and [[red-tailed tropicbird]]. The [[Pitcairn reed warbler]], endemic to Pitcairn Island, was added to the [[endangered species]] list in 2008.<ref name="icunred181023" />

Native to Hawaii is the [[Hawaiian crow]], which has been [[extinct in the wild]] since 2002.<ref name="forestbirds" /> The [[brown tree snake]] is native to northern and eastern coasts of Australia, Papua New Guinea, Guam and Solomon Islands.<ref name="btsnakegov" /> Native to Australia, New Guinea and proximate islands are [[birds of paradise]], [[honeyeater]]s, [[Australasian treecreeper]], [[Australasian robin]], [[kingfisher]]s, [[butcherbird]]s, and [[bowerbird]]s.<ref name="systax" /><ref name="Steadman 2006" />

A unique feature of Australia's fauna is the relative scarcity of native [[placentalia|placental]] mammals, and dominance of the [[marsupial]]s – a group of mammals that raise their young in a [[pouch (marsupial)|pouch]], including the [[Macropodidae|macropods]], [[Phalangeriformes|possums]], and [[dasyuromorphia|dasyuromorphs]]. The [[passerine]]s of Australia, also known as songbirds or perching birds, include [[wren]]s, the [[Artamidae|magpie group]], [[Acanthiza|thornbills]], [[corvid]]s, [[pardalote]]s, [[lyrebird]]s.<ref name="ioc" /> Predominant bird species in the country include the [[Australian magpie]], [[Australian raven]], the [[pied currawong]], [[crested pigeon]]s and the [[laughing kookaburra]].<ref name="encycwild" /> The [[koala]], [[emu]], [[platypus]] and [[kangaroo]] are [[national animals]] of Australia,<ref name="CoatArms" /> and the [[Tasmanian devil]] is also one of the well-known animals in the country.<ref name="tassie" /> The [[goanna]] is a [[predatory]] lizard native to the [[Australian mainland]].<ref name="dangerc" />

The birds of New Zealand evolved into an avifauna that included a large number of [[Endemism|endemic]] species. As an island archipelago New Zealand accumulated bird diversity and when Captain James Cook arrived in the 1770s he noted that the [[bird vocalization|bird song]] was deafening. The mix includes species with unusual biology such as the [[kākāpō]] which is the world's only flightless, nocturnal, [[Lek mating|lek-breeding]] parrot, but also many species that are similar to neighbouring land areas. Some of the more well known and distinctive bird species in New Zealand are the [[Kiwi (bird)|kiwi]], [[kea]], [[takahē]], Kākāpō, [[Yellowhead (bird)|mohua]], [[tūī]], and the [[New Zealand bellbird|bellbird]].<ref name="assemb152" /> The [[tuatara]] is a notable [[reptile]] endemic to New Zealand.<ref name="vicvag32" />

Australia, New Zealand, New Guinea, Wallacea, and the islands of the Pacific Ocean collectively possess 42% of the world's [[parrot]] species, including half of all [[Critically Endangered]] parrots, many of which are [[endemic]] to the region.<ref name="Olah2018">{{Cite journal |last1=Olah |first1=George |last2=Theuerkauf |first2=Jörn |last3=Legault |first3=Andrew |last4=Gula |first4=Roman |last5=Stein |first5=John |last6=Butchart |first6=Stuart |last7=O’Brien |first7=Mark |last8=Heinsohn |first8=Robert |date=2018 |title=Parrots of Oceania – a comparative study of extinction risk |url=https://georgeolah.com/documents/olah_et_al_2018a_parrots_of_oceania.pdf |journal=Emu - Austral Ornithology |language=en |volume=118 |issue=1 |pages=94–112 |doi=10.1080/01584197.2017.1410066 |bibcode=2018EmuAO.118...94O |s2cid=135275510 |issn=0158-4197}}</ref>