Golda Meir

==Legacy==
[[File:Golda Meir with children of Kibbutz Shfayim.jpg|thumb|Meir with children of Kibbutz Shfayim, 1950]]

Biographer Meron Medzini argues that a perspective of forty years makes possible an appreciation of her deep nationalism and Zionism. Historians find her main legacy includes effective leadership of the Labor Movement, and building good relationships with Third World nations. Medzini states, "Apart from laying the foundations for Israel’s presence in Africa, she was never taken with the routine and often dull diplomatic work in the Foreign Ministry and abhorred its outer manifestations of ceremonies and rites."<ref>Medzini, (2017) p. 685.</ref> Most historians agree she was a success as Secretary of Labor and Housing, but a failure as prime minister.<ref name="GMFYP">Meron Medzini, "Golda Meir–A Forty Year Perspective." ''Israel Studies'' 23.1 (2018): 73-85. [https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2979/israelstudies.23.1.04 online]</ref>

A controversial figure in Israel, she has been lionized as a founder of the state and described as the "Iron Lady" of Israeli politics, but also widely blamed for the country being caught by surprise during the 1973 Yom Kippur War. She was also criticized for her dismissive statements towards the Palestinians.<ref name="TOIGM"/>

===Portrayals in film and theater===
[[File:PikiWiki Israel 15637 Performing arts Center in Tel Aviv.JPG|thumb|Facade of the Golda Meir Center for the Performing Arts – home to the [[Israeli Opera]] and the [[Cameri Theater]], Tel Aviv]]

Meir's story has been the subject of many fictionalized portrayals. In 1977, [[Anne Bancroft]] played Meir in [[William Gibson (playwright)|William Gibson]]'s Broadway play ''Golda''. The Australian actress [[Judy Davis]] played a young Meir in the [[made-for-television|television]] film ''[[A Woman Called Golda]]'' (1982), opposite [[Leonard Nimoy]]. [[Ingrid Bergman]] played the older Meir in the same film. Actress [[Colleen Dewhurst]] portrayed Meir in the 1986 TV movie ''[[Sword of Gideon]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Filmography for Colleen Dewhurst |url=http://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/person/49658%7C33638/Colleen-Dewhurst/filmography.html |access-date=February 1, 2018 |publisher=Turner Classic Movies}}</ref>

In 2003, [[American Jews|American Jewish]] actress [[Tovah Feldshuh]] portrayed her on Broadway in ''[[Golda's Balcony]]'', Gibson's second play about Meir's life. The play was controversial for implying that Meir considered using [[Nuclear weapons and Israel|nuclear weapons]] during the Yom Kippur War.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} [[Valerie Harper]] portrayed Meir in the touring company production and in the film version of ''Golda's Balcony''.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gans |first=Andrew |date=October 10, 2007 |title='Golda's Balcony' Film, with Valerie Harper, Begins Engagement at Quad Cinema Oct. 10 |url=http://www.playbill.com/article/goldas-balcony-film-with-valerie-harper-begins-engagement-at-quad-cinema-oct-10-com-144395 |access-date=February 1, 2018 |website=Playbill |language=en}}</ref> In 2005, actress [[Lynn Cohen]] portrayed Meir in [[Steven Spielberg]]'s film ''[[Munich (2005 film)|Munich]]''.

Tovah Feldshuh assumed the role of Meir again in the 2006 English-language French movie ''[[O Jerusalem (film)|O Jerusalem]]''. She was played by the Polish actress Beata Fudalej in the 2009 dramatic film ''The Hope'' directed by [[Márta Mészáros]].<ref>[http://www.screendaily.com/ScreenDailyArticle.aspx?intStoryID=43441&Category= "Mészáros wraps production on historical drama The Hope"] ''Screen Daily''. February 26, 2009</ref>

Actress [[Helen Mirren]] portrayed Meir in the 2023 ''[[Golda (film)|Golda]]'' biopic film directed by [[Guy Nattiv]] and produced by [[Michael Kuhn]]. The film centres on the [[Yom Kippur War]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://variety.com/2021/film/global/helen-mirren-golda-meir-michael-kuhn-1234944737/|title = Helen Mirren to Star as Israeli Leader Golda Meir in Guy Nattiv's 'Golda,' Produced by Michael Kuhn|date = April 6, 2021}}</ref>

As of April 2021, a TV miniseries ''Lioness'' starring [[Shira Haas]] is also currently being produced and will be directed by [[Barbra Streisand]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=JTA|title=Shira Haas to play Golda Meir in US TV series|url=https://jewishnews.timesofisrael.com/shira-haas-to-play-golda-meir-in-us-tv-series/|access-date=2021-04-06|website=jewishnews.timesofisrael.com|language=en-US}}</ref>

===Commemoration===
[[File:Golda Meir Square NYC 2007 006.jpg|thumb|Golda Meir Square in Manhattan]]
[[File:Golda Meir @ Banknote 1992 Obverse.jpg|thumb|Israeli 10 New Sheqalim Banknote commemorating Golda Meir]]
* [https://www.ahec.edu/auraria/golda-meir-house Golda Meir House Museum and Education Center], Auraria Campus, 1149 9t Street, Denver CO 80204 
* [[Golda Meir School]], [[Milwaukee|Milwaukee, Wisconsin]]<ref>[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/turningpoints/search.asp?id=1434 Fourth Street School] Wisconsin Historical Society</ref>
* Golda Meir School, in Barra da Tijuca, [[Rio de Janeiro|Rio de Janeiro, Brazil]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=Unidades Escolares |url=http://webapp.sme.rio.rj.gov.br/jcartela/publico/pesquisa.do?palavraChave=barra+da+tijuca&cmd=listPorBairro |access-date=March 15, 2018 |publisher=Government of Rio de Janeiro |archive-date=March 16, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180316024034/http://webapp.sme.rio.rj.gov.br/jcartela/publico/pesquisa.do?palavraChave=barra+da+tijuca&cmd=listPorBairro |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee Libraries|Golda Meir Library]], [[University of Wisconsin–Milwaukee]], Wisconsin<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hubbard |first=John |title=Frequently Asked Questions: Library Information |url=http://guides.library.uwm.edu/c.php?g=56459&p=363132 |access-date=March 15, 2018 |publisher=University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee |language=en |archive-date=February 12, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180212032633/http://guides.library.uwm.edu/c.php?g=56459&p=363132 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Golda Meir Boulevard, Jerusalem, Israel (and various other streets, neighborhoods and schools in Israel)
* [[Tel Aviv Performing Arts Center|Golda Meir Center for the Performing Arts]] – home to the [[Israeli Opera]] and the [[Cameri Theater]], Tel Aviv<ref>{{Cite web |title=Golda Center – Tel Aviv Performing Arts Center |url=http://zmatar.com/projects/golda-center-tel-aviv-performing-arts-center/ |access-date=March 15, 2018 |publisher=Zeev Matar Ltd. – זאב מטר בע"מ |language=en-US |archive-date=March 15, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315053800/http://zmatar.com/projects/golda-center-tel-aviv-performing-arts-center/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* [[Bust of Golda Meir]] at Golda Meir Square, New York City<ref name="KaydenPlanning2000">{{Cite book |last1=Jerold S. Kayden |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OpeNSAfYASoC |title=Privately Owned Public Space: The New York City Experience |last2=New York (N.Y.). Dept. of City Planning |last3=The Municipal Art Society of New York |date=November 6, 2000 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-0-471-36257-9 |page=126}}</ref>
* Golda Meir Center for Political Leadership at [[Metropolitan State University of Denver]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Chronological Survey of Gola Meir's Life and Legacy |url=https://www.msudenver.edu/golda/goldameir/chronologyofgoldameir/ |access-date=September 2, 2011 |publisher=Mscd.edu}}</ref>
* Golda Meir House, Denver, Colorado<ref name=MSCD/><ref>[http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/hhh.co0203 Golda Meir House] U.S. Library of Congress</ref>
* Golda Meir House, Newton, Massachusetts<ref>{{Cite web |title=Golda Meir House |url=http://www.jche.org/golda-meir-house.shtml |access-date=March 15, 2018 |publisher=Jewish Community Housing for the Elderly |language=en |archive-date=July 3, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130703233554/http://www.jche.org/golda-meir-house.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref>
* Golda Meir Street in the city of [[Kyiv]]<ref>{{cite web|title=A street named after the dissident Vasyl Ovsienko appeared in Kyiv|url=https://www.istpravda.com.ua/short/2024/02/8/163630/|date=8 February 2024|access-date=9 February 2024|lang=Ukrainian|website=[[Istorychna Pravda]]}}</ref>

===Cultural references===
In Israel, the term "Golda's shoes" (''na'alei Golda'') has become a reference to the sturdy orthopedic shoes that Golda favored. These shoes were also supplied to women soldiers in the [[Israel Defense Forces]] from its foundation to 1987.<ref>{{Cite news |date=May 11, 1987 |title=Israel's Women GIs Kick Off 'Golda Shoes' |work=Los Angeles Times |agency=AP |location=Tel Aviv |url=http://articles.latimes.com/1987-05-11/news/mn-3590_1_shoes |access-date=October 3, 2013 |archive-date=October 4, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131004224337/http://articles.latimes.com/1987-05-11/news/mn-3590_1_shoes |url-status=dead }}</ref>