Winnipeg

===Utilities===
Water and sewage services are provided by the city.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/|accessdate=3 March 2014|publisher=City of Winnipeg|title=Water and Waste Department|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140228173928/http://winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/|archivedate=28 February 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The city draws its water via an [[Greater Winnipeg Water District Aqueduct|aqueduct]] from [[Shoal Lake (Kenora District, Ontario)|Shoal Lake]], treating and [[water fluoridation|fluoridating]] it at the Deacon Reservoir just outside the city prior to pumping it into the Winnipeg system.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/water/treatment/default.stm|accessdate=3 March 2014|publisher=City of Winnipeg|title=Water treatment program|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303075800/http://winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/water/treatment/default.stm|archivedate=3 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The city's system has over {{convert|2500|km|abbr=on}} of underground water mains, which are subject to breakage due to corrosion and pressure from extreme dry, wet, or cold soil conditions.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/water/mainbreaks.stm|publisher=City of Winnipeg|title=Water main breaks|accessdate=3 March 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303080332/http://winnipeg.ca/waterandwaste/water/mainbreaks.stm|archivedate=3 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref>

[[Electricity]] and [[natural gas]] are provided by [[Manitoba Hydro]], a provincial [[crown corporation]] headquartered in the city; it uses primarily [[hydroelectric]] power.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hydro.mb.ca/corporate/about_us.shtml?WT.mc_id=2102|accessdate=3 March 2014|publisher=Manitoba Hydro|title=About Us|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140303075516/https://www.hydro.mb.ca/corporate/about_us.shtml?WT.mc_id=2102|archivedate=3 March 2014|url-status=live}}</ref> The primary telecommunications carrier is [[Bell MTS]], although other corporations offer telephone, cellular, television and internet services.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/bce-buys-manitoba-telecom-1.3561982|publisher=CBC News|title=BCE to buy Manitoba Telecom in friendly deal work $3.9B|last=Evans|first=Pete|date=2 May 2016}}</ref>

Winnipeg contracts out several services to private companies, including garbage and recycling collection, street plowing and snow removal. This practice represents a significant budget expenditure. The services have faced numerous complaints from residents about missed service.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://winnipegsun.com/2016/10/12/epc-approves-new-garbage-contracts|newspaper=Winnipeg Sun|title=EPC approves new garbage contracts|last=Pursaga|first=Joyanne|date=12 October 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://fcpp.org/2017/11/30/winnipeg-must-scrap-recycling-rfp/|publisher=Frontier Centre for Public Policy|title=Winnipeg Should Scrap Recycling RFP|last=Harding|first=Lee|date=30 November 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/city-could-save-3m-if-public-employees-removed-snow-cupe-1.3286005|publisher=CBC News|date=23 October 2015|title=City could save $3M if public employees removed snow: CUPE}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://data.winnipeg.ca/w/58m2-dsq9/_variation_?cur=oEgt4p1Hh0O&from=root|publisher=City of Winnipeg|title=Visualized 311 Service Requests|accessdate=2 April 2021}}</ref>