Quarantine

====Federal rules====
{{cleanup|reason=Summary of CDC quarantine regulations and powers only covers recent changes rather than explaining the whole body of regulations.|date=February 2020}}
Communicable diseases for which apprehension, detention, or conditional release of people are authorised must be specified in [[Executive Order]]s of the President.<ref>{{cite web|title=Regulations to control communicable diseases|url=http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/USCODE-2013-title42/html/USCODE-2013-title42-chap6A-subchapII-partG-sec264.htm#264_1_target|website=gpo.gov|access-date=30 October 2014}}</ref>  As of 2014, these include Executive Orders 13295<ref>{{cite web| url = https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Executive_Order_13295| title = Executive Order 13295}}</ref> 13375, and 13674; the latest executive order specifies the following infectious diseases: [[cholera]], [[diphtheria]], infectious [[tuberculosis]], [[plague (disease)|plague]], [[smallpox]], [[yellow fever]], [[viral haemorrhagic fevers]] ([[Lassa fever|Lassa]], [[Marburg virus|Marburg]], [[Ebola virus disease|Ebola]], [[Crimean–Congo hemorrhagic fever|Crimean-Congo]], [[Arenavirus|South American]], and others not yet isolated or named), [[severe acute respiratory syndrome]]s (SARS), and [[influenza]] from a novel or re-emergent source.<ref>{{cite web|title=Specific Laws and Regulations Governing the Control of Communicable Diseases|url=https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/specificlawsregulations.html|website=cdc.gov|location=bottom of page, in "Executive Orders" paragraph|date=31 July 2014 |access-date= 4 March 2020}}</ref>

The [[Department of Health and Human Services]] is responsible for quarantine decisions, specifically the [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]]'s [[Division of Global Migration and Quarantine]]. As of 21 March 2017, [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC) regulations specify:<ref>[https://www.cdc.gov/quarantine/final-rule-communicable-diseases.html Specific Laws and Regulations Governing the Control of Communicable Diseases] – Final Rule for Control of Communicable Diseases: Interstate and Foreign ''www.cdc.gov'', accessed 4 March 2020</ref>
* All [[Commercial aviation|commercial passenger flights]] must report deaths or illnesses to the CDC.
* Individuals must apply for a travel permit if they are under a Federal quarantine, isolation, or [[conditional release]] order.
* When an individual who is moving between U.S. states is "reasonably believed to be infected" with a quarantinable communicable disease in a "qualifying stage", the CDC may apprehend or examine that individual for potential infection.
* This includes new regulatory authority permitting the CDC Director to prohibit the importation of animals or products that pose a threat to public health.

The rules:
* Do not authorise compulsory medical testing, vaccination, or medical treatment without prior [[informed consent]].
* Require CDC to advise individuals subject to [[medical examination]]s that they will be conducted by an authorised health worker and with prior informed consent.
* Include strong [[due process]] protections for individuals subject to public health orders, including a right to counsel for [[indigent]] individuals.
* Limit to 72 hours the amount of time that an individual may be apprehended pending the issuance of a federal order for isolation, quarantine, or conditional release.