Aramaic

===Eastern Middle Aramaic===
The dialects of Old Eastern Aramaic continued in ancient [[Assyria]], [[Old Babylonian Empire|Babylon]], and the [[Achaemenid Empire]] as written languages using various [[Aramaic alphabet|Aramaic scripts]]. Eastern Middle Aramaic comprises [[Mandaic language|Classical Mandaic]], [[Hatran Aramaic|Hatran]], [[Jewish Babylonian Aramaic]] dialects, and [[Classical Syriac]]<ref>{{cite web |author=Sebastian Brock|title=The place of Syriac among the Aramaic dialects 2|url=https://syriacpress.com/blog/2021/08/08/the-place-of-syriac-among-the-aramaic-dialects-2/|year=2021|access-date=1 April 2022|publisher=SyriacPress dot com}}</ref>
{{listen|filename=Recording_1648798987707.ogg|title=Avūo·nə đə·Vē·shəmēiā|description=The [[Lord's Prayer]], ''Avūo·nə đə·Vē·shəmēyā'', Reading in  Eastern variant of [[Syriac language|Syriac]]}}

====Syriac Aramaic====
{{Main|Syriac language}}
[[File:Estrangela.jpg|thumb|9th century [[Syriac language|Syriac]] [[Syriac alphabet|Estrangela]] manuscript of [[John Chrysostom]]'s ''Homily on the [[Gospel of John]]'']]
{{listen|filename=aboun.ogg|title=Abun dbashmayo|description=The [[Lord's Prayer]], ''Abun dbashmayo'', sung in  Western variant of [[Syriac language|Syriac]]}}

Syriac Aramaic (also "Classical Syriac") is the literary, liturgical and often spoken language of [[Syriac Christianity]]. It originated by the first century AD in the region of [[Osroene]], centered in [[Edessa]], but its golden age was the fourth to eight centuries. This period began with the translation of the Bible into the language: the [[Peshitta]], and the masterful prose and poetry of [[Ephrem the Syrian]]. Classical Syriac became the language of the [[Assyrian Church of the East]], and the [[Syriac Orthodox Church]] and later the [[Nestorian Church]]. Missionary activity led to the spread of Syriac from Mesopotamia and [[Iran|Persia]], into [[Central Asia]], [[Indian subcontinent|India]], and [[China]].{{sfn|Healey|2012|pp=637–52}}{{sfn|Briquel-Chatonnet|2012|pp=652–59}}

====Jewish Babylonian Aramaic====
<!-- This section is linked, this language was taken from the Aramaic language of the Byzantines from [[Halakha]] -->
{{Main|Jewish Babylonian Aramaic}}
Jewish Middle Babylonian is the language employed by Jewish writers in Babylonia between the fourth and the eleventh century. It is most commonly identified with the language of the Babylonian [[Talmud]] (which was completed in the seventh century) and of post-Talmudic [[Geonim|Geonic]] literature, which are the most important cultural products of Babylonian Judaism. The most important epigraphic sources for the dialect are the hundreds of [[incantation bowl]]s written in Jewish Babylonian Aramaic.{{sfn|Sokoloff|2012b|pp=660–70}}

====Mandaic Aramaic====
{{Main|Mandaic language}}
[[Mandaic language|Classical Mandaic]], used as a liturgical language by the [[Mandaeans]] of [[Iraq]] and [[Iran]], is a sister dialect to Jewish Babylonian Aramaic, though it is both linguistically and culturally distinct. It is the language in which the Mandaeans' [[gnosticism|gnostic]] [[list of Mandaean texts|religious literature]] was composed. It is characterized by a highly phonetic orthography and does not make use of vowel diacritics.{{sfn|Burtea|2012|pp=670–85}}